GRASS-Wiki - User contributions [en]

Global datasets

2009-05-20T01:48:27Z

⚠️Andrkns: /* SNODAS data */

== Raster data ==

=== AVHRR ===

* see the [[AVHRR]] wiki page

=== Blue Marble imagery ===

NASA's Blue Marble is a 500m-8 degree per-cell world wide visual image of the Earth from space, with the clouds removed.

* see the [[Blue Marble]] wiki page

=== Natural Earth imagery ===

* [http://www.shadedrelief.com/natural2/ Natural Earth II]: World environment map in natural color. GeoTIFF (use the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module)

=== True Marble imagery ===

* [http://www.unearthedoutdoors.net/global_data/true_marble/download True Marble]: 250m world wide visual image of the Earth from space, with the clouds removed. GeoTIFF (use the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module)

=== ETOPO ===

The ETOPO datasets provide global topography and bathymetry at 1', 2', and 5' per-cell resolutions.

==== ETOPO1 ====

* http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/

The ''cell registered'' version can be loaded directly into a lat/lon region. GRASS raster data is cell registered (see
the [[GRASS raster semantics]] page)

The ''grid registered'' version must be loaded into a simple XY location using the parameters found in the .hdr file, and needs to have the 90deg N,S rows cropped away:

# create a new simple XY location and mapset

# Import grid registered binary float
r.in.bin -f in=etopo1_bed_g.flt out=etopo1_bed_g \
n=90.008333333335 s=-90.008333333335 e=180.00833333334 \
w=-180.00833333334 rows=10801 cols=21601 anull=-9999
r.colors out=etopo1_bed_g color=etopo2

# reduce region by 1 cell
g.region rast=etopo1_bed_g
eval `g.region -g`
g.region n=n-$nsres s=s+$nsres e=e-$ewres -p

# save smaller raster and remove original
r.mapcalc "etopo1_bed_g.crop = etopo1_bed_g"
g.remove etopo1_bed_g

# change the location to lat/lon by restarting GRASS
# in the PERMANENT mapset and running {{cmd|g.setproj}}
# or move the entire mapset into a lat/lon location
# and manually edit the $MAPSET/cellhd/ files (dirty!)

==== ETOPO2 ====

* See the ETOPO2 (2' global) article by M.H. Bowman in the [http://grass.itc.it/newsletter/GRASSNews_vol1.pdf GRASS Newsletter, 1:8-11, August 2004].
: [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/fliers/01mgg04.html ETOPO2v2 data download]

=== CleanTOPO2 ===

* [http://www.shadedrelief.com/cleantopo2/ CleanTOPO2 download]: Edited SRTM30 Plus World Elevation Data

=== GEBCO ===

* The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (original 1' release 2003, new 1' and 30" releases 2008)
: http://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/
: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/gebco/

{{cmd|r.in.gdal}} can be used to import the GMT netCDF files directly, or if that doesn't work you can use GMT tools to convert to an old-style native GMT format and import that with {{cmd|r.in.bin}}.
: example: (GEBCO 2003 1' data)

# convert to an old style GMT binary .grd using grdreformat
$ grdreformat 3n24s47w14w.grd 3n24s47w14w_Native.grd=bs

# then import into GRASS,
GRASS> r.in.bin -h -s bytes=2 in=3n24s47w14w_Native.grd out=3n24s47w14w

# and set some nice colors
GRASS> r.colors 3n24s47w14w rules=- << EOF
nv magenta
0% black
-7740 0:0:168
0 84:176:248
0 40:124:0
522 68:148:24
1407 148:228:108
1929 232:228:108
2028 232:228:92
2550 228:160:32
2724 216:116:8
2730 grey
2754 grey
2760 252:252:252
2874 252:252:252
2883 192:192:192
2913 192:192:192
100% 252:252:252
EOF

=== Miscellaneous ===

==== Data sources ====

* Some datasource links: http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~ben/gmt.html
* [http://www.geotorrent.org/browse.php Geotorrent.org]

==== Modules ====
* The {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} modules may be used to import data of [http://www.gdal.org/formats_list.html many formats], including GMT netCDF
* The {{cmd|r.in.bin}} module may be used to import raw binary files

=== LANDSAT ===

Since October 1, 2008 all Landsat 7 ETM+ scenes held in the [http://landsat.usgs.gov/ USGS EROS archive] are available for download at no charge.
* Download via the [http://glovis.usgs.gov/ Glovis] online search tool (req. Java)
* Download via the USGS's [http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/EarthExplorer/ EarthExplorer] interface

==== Modules ====

* {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} - Main import tool for complete multiband scenes
* {{cmd|r.in.wms}} - Download data covering current map region via WMS server
* [[GRASS_AddOns#r.in.onearth|r.in.onearth]] - WMS frontend for NASA's OnEarth Global Landsat Mosaic
* {{cmd|i.landsat.rgb}} - Color balancing/enhancement tool

==== See also ====

* Processing tips can be found on the [[LANDSAT]] wiki page

=== MODIS ===

* see the [[MODIS]] wiki page

=== Pathfinder AVHRR SST ===

* see the Pathfinder [[AVHRR]] SST wiki page

=== QuickBird ===

* Wikipedia's {{wikipedia|QuickBird}} entry

* Import with the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module

=== SeaWiFS ===

* see the [[SeaWiFS]] wiki page

=== Smith and Sandwell ===

* Merge info here from the [[Marine Science]] wiki page

=== SRTM ===

[http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/ Space Shuttle Radar Topography Mission]
* see the {{cmd|r.in.srtm}} module

=== WorldClim ===

[http://www.worldclim.org/ WorldClim] is a set of global climate layers (climate grids) with a spatial resolution of a square kilometer.
* Load into a Lat/Lon WGS84 location (EPSG:4326)
* Import with {{cmd|r.in.bin}} or {{cmd|r.in.gdal}}
* {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} will read .BIL format, see the {{cmd|r.in.srtm}} shell script for hints
* binary format is 2 byte integer. Multiply by 10 using {{cmd|r.mapcalc}} to convert units. See http://www.worldclim.org/format.htm for more information and the [[MODIS]] help page for example of converting raw to data units.

=== OGC WCS - Albedo example ===

GRASS imports OGC Web Coverage Service data. Example server (please suggest a better one!)
<WCS_GDAL>
<ServiceURL>http://laits.gmu.edu/cgi-bin/NWGISS/NWGISS?</ServiceURL>
<CoverageName>AUTUMN.hdf</CoverageName>
<Timeout>90</Timeout>
<Resample>nearest</Resample>
</WCS_GDAL>

Save this as albedo.xml. Import into a LatLong WGS84 location:
r.in.gdal albedo.xml out=albedo

Unfortunately this server sends out the map shifted by 0.5 pixel. This requires a fix to the map boundary coordinates:
r.region albedo n=90 s=-90 w=-180 e=180

Now apply color table and look at the map:
r.colors albedo color=byr
d.mon x0
d.rast albedo

=== SNODAS ===

[http://nsidc.org/data/docs/noaa/g02158_snodas_snow_cover_model/index.html Snow Data Assimilation System] data that support hydrologic modeling and analysis. First download the data, and untar them (once for each month, and once for each day), and you should get pairs of “.dat” and “.Hdr” files. The data files are stored in flat 16-bit binary format, so assuming that “snowdas_in.dat” is the name of the input file, at the GRASS prompt:

r.in.bin -bs bytes=2 rows=3351 cols=6935 north=52.874583333332339 \
south=24.949583333333454 east=-66.942083333334011 west=-124.733749999998366 \
anull=-9999 input=snowdas_input.dat output=snowdas

== Vector data ==

=== CDC Geographic Boundary and Public Health Maps ===

* http://www.cdc.gov/epiinfo/maps.htm

=== Global Administrative Areas ===

* GADM is a database of the location of the world's administrative areas (boundaries) available in shapefiles.
: http://biogeo.berkeley.edu/gadm/ (extracted by country [http://biogeo.berkeley.edu/bgm/gdata.php here])
* World Borders Dataset including ISO 3166-1 Country codes available in shapefiles.
: http://thematicmapping.org/downloads/world_borders.php
* Free GIS data from Mapping Hacks
: http://mappinghacks.com/data/

=== GSHHS World Coastline ===

GSHHS is a high resolution shoreline dataset. It is derived from data in the public domain and licensed as GPL. The shorelines are constructed entirely from hierarchically arranged closed polygons. It is closely linked to the [[GMT]] project.

* Download original data from http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/wessel/gshhs/gshhs.html

* Import with the v.in.gshhs [[GRASS AddOns]] module.

* Download data from [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/shorelines.html NOAA's shoreline extractor] site.
: For GRASS 6 you can download 1:250,000 shoreline data from NOAA's site in Mapgen format, which can be imported with the {{cmd|v.in.mapgen}} module.

* '''Shapefiles''' for the 1.6 version are available from ftp://ftp.ihg.uni-duisburg.de/GIS/GISData/GSHHS/

=== SALB ===

Second Administrative Level Boundaries: ''"The SALB dataset is a global digital dataset consisting of digital maps and codes that can be downloaded on a country by country basis."''

* http://www.who.int/whosis/database/gis/salb/salb_home.htm

=== VMap0 ===

1:1 million vector data. Formerly known as ''Digital Chart of the World''

* see the two articles in [http://grass.osgeo.org/newsletter/index.php ''GRASS Newsletter vol. 3 (June 2005)'']

== Misc ==

* The FreeGIS.org database: http://www.freegis.org/database/
* http://finder.geocommons.com/

Global datasets

2009-05-20T01:44:20Z

⚠️Andrkns:

== Raster data ==

=== AVHRR ===

* see the [[AVHRR]] wiki page

=== Blue Marble imagery ===

NASA's Blue Marble is a 500m-8 degree per-cell world wide visual image of the Earth from space, with the clouds removed.

* see the [[Blue Marble]] wiki page

=== Natural Earth imagery ===

* [http://www.shadedrelief.com/natural2/ Natural Earth II]: World environment map in natural color. GeoTIFF (use the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module)

=== True Marble imagery ===

* [http://www.unearthedoutdoors.net/global_data/true_marble/download True Marble]: 250m world wide visual image of the Earth from space, with the clouds removed. GeoTIFF (use the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module)

=== ETOPO ===

The ETOPO datasets provide global topography and bathymetry at 1', 2', and 5' per-cell resolutions.

==== ETOPO1 ====

* http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/

The ''cell registered'' version can be loaded directly into a lat/lon region. GRASS raster data is cell registered (see
the [[GRASS raster semantics]] page)

The ''grid registered'' version must be loaded into a simple XY location using the parameters found in the .hdr file, and needs to have the 90deg N,S rows cropped away:

# create a new simple XY location and mapset

# Import grid registered binary float
r.in.bin -f in=etopo1_bed_g.flt out=etopo1_bed_g \
n=90.008333333335 s=-90.008333333335 e=180.00833333334 \
w=-180.00833333334 rows=10801 cols=21601 anull=-9999
r.colors out=etopo1_bed_g color=etopo2

# reduce region by 1 cell
g.region rast=etopo1_bed_g
eval `g.region -g`
g.region n=n-$nsres s=s+$nsres e=e-$ewres -p

# save smaller raster and remove original
r.mapcalc "etopo1_bed_g.crop = etopo1_bed_g"
g.remove etopo1_bed_g

# change the location to lat/lon by restarting GRASS
# in the PERMANENT mapset and running {{cmd|g.setproj}}
# or move the entire mapset into a lat/lon location
# and manually edit the $MAPSET/cellhd/ files (dirty!)

==== ETOPO2 ====

* See the ETOPO2 (2' global) article by M.H. Bowman in the [http://grass.itc.it/newsletter/GRASSNews_vol1.pdf GRASS Newsletter, 1:8-11, August 2004].
: [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/fliers/01mgg04.html ETOPO2v2 data download]

=== CleanTOPO2 ===

* [http://www.shadedrelief.com/cleantopo2/ CleanTOPO2 download]: Edited SRTM30 Plus World Elevation Data

=== GEBCO ===

* The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (original 1' release 2003, new 1' and 30" releases 2008)
: http://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/
: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/gebco/

{{cmd|r.in.gdal}} can be used to import the GMT netCDF files directly, or if that doesn't work you can use GMT tools to convert to an old-style native GMT format and import that with {{cmd|r.in.bin}}.
: example: (GEBCO 2003 1' data)

# convert to an old style GMT binary .grd using grdreformat
$ grdreformat 3n24s47w14w.grd 3n24s47w14w_Native.grd=bs

# then import into GRASS,
GRASS> r.in.bin -h -s bytes=2 in=3n24s47w14w_Native.grd out=3n24s47w14w

# and set some nice colors
GRASS> r.colors 3n24s47w14w rules=- << EOF
nv magenta
0% black
-7740 0:0:168
0 84:176:248
0 40:124:0
522 68:148:24
1407 148:228:108
1929 232:228:108
2028 232:228:92
2550 228:160:32
2724 216:116:8
2730 grey
2754 grey
2760 252:252:252
2874 252:252:252
2883 192:192:192
2913 192:192:192
100% 252:252:252
EOF

=== Miscellaneous ===

==== Data sources ====

* Some datasource links: http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~ben/gmt.html
* [http://www.geotorrent.org/browse.php Geotorrent.org]

==== Modules ====
* The {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} modules may be used to import data of [http://www.gdal.org/formats_list.html many formats], including GMT netCDF
* The {{cmd|r.in.bin}} module may be used to import raw binary files

=== LANDSAT ===

Since October 1, 2008 all Landsat 7 ETM+ scenes held in the [http://landsat.usgs.gov/ USGS EROS archive] are available for download at no charge.
* Download via the [http://glovis.usgs.gov/ Glovis] online search tool (req. Java)
* Download via the USGS's [http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/EarthExplorer/ EarthExplorer] interface

==== Modules ====

* {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} - Main import tool for complete multiband scenes
* {{cmd|r.in.wms}} - Download data covering current map region via WMS server
* [[GRASS_AddOns#r.in.onearth|r.in.onearth]] - WMS frontend for NASA's OnEarth Global Landsat Mosaic
* {{cmd|i.landsat.rgb}} - Color balancing/enhancement tool

==== See also ====

* Processing tips can be found on the [[LANDSAT]] wiki page

=== MODIS ===

* see the [[MODIS]] wiki page

=== Pathfinder AVHRR SST ===

* see the Pathfinder [[AVHRR]] SST wiki page

=== QuickBird ===

* Wikipedia's {{wikipedia|QuickBird}} entry

* Import with the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module

=== SeaWiFS ===

* see the [[SeaWiFS]] wiki page

=== Smith and Sandwell ===

* Merge info here from the [[Marine Science]] wiki page

=== SRTM ===

[http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/ Space Shuttle Radar Topography Mission]
* see the {{cmd|r.in.srtm}} module

=== WorldClim ===

[http://www.worldclim.org/ WorldClim] is a set of global climate layers (climate grids) with a spatial resolution of a square kilometer.
* Load into a Lat/Lon WGS84 location (EPSG:4326)
* Import with {{cmd|r.in.bin}} or {{cmd|r.in.gdal}}
* {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} will read .BIL format, see the {{cmd|r.in.srtm}} shell script for hints
* binary format is 2 byte integer. Multiply by 10 using {{cmd|r.mapcalc}} to convert units. See http://www.worldclim.org/format.htm for more information and the [[MODIS]] help page for example of converting raw to data units.

=== OGC WCS - Albedo example ===

GRASS imports OGC Web Coverage Service data. Example server (please suggest a better one!)
<WCS_GDAL>
<ServiceURL>http://laits.gmu.edu/cgi-bin/NWGISS/NWGISS?</ServiceURL>
<CoverageName>AUTUMN.hdf</CoverageName>
<Timeout>90</Timeout>
<Resample>nearest</Resample>
</WCS_GDAL>

Save this as albedo.xml. Import into a LatLong WGS84 location:
r.in.gdal albedo.xml out=albedo

Unfortunately this server sends out the map shifted by 0.5 pixel. This requires a fix to the map boundary coordinates:
r.region albedo n=90 s=-90 w=-180 e=180

Now apply color table and look at the map:
r.colors albedo color=byr
d.mon x0
d.rast albedo

=== SNODAS data ===

[http://nsidc.org/data/docs/noaa/g02158_snodas_snow_cover_model/index.html Snow Data Assimilation System] data that support hydrologic modeling and analysis. First download the data, and untar them (once for each month, and once for each day), and you should get pairs of “.dat” and “.Hdr” files. The data files are stored in flat 16-bit binary format, so assuming that “snowdas_in.dat” is the name of the input file, at the GRASS prompt:

r.in.bin -bs bytes=2 rows=3351 cols=6935 north=52.874583333332339 \
south=24.949583333333454 east=-66.942083333334011 west=-124.733749999998366 \
anull=-9999 input=snowdas_input.dat output=snowdas

== Vector data ==

=== CDC Geographic Boundary and Public Health Maps ===

* http://www.cdc.gov/epiinfo/maps.htm

=== Global Administrative Areas ===

* GADM is a database of the location of the world's administrative areas (boundaries) available in shapefiles.
: http://biogeo.berkeley.edu/gadm/ (extracted by country [http://biogeo.berkeley.edu/bgm/gdata.php here])
* World Borders Dataset including ISO 3166-1 Country codes available in shapefiles.
: http://thematicmapping.org/downloads/world_borders.php
* Free GIS data from Mapping Hacks
: http://mappinghacks.com/data/

=== GSHHS World Coastline ===

GSHHS is a high resolution shoreline dataset. It is derived from data in the public domain and licensed as GPL. The shorelines are constructed entirely from hierarchically arranged closed polygons. It is closely linked to the [[GMT]] project.

* Download original data from http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/wessel/gshhs/gshhs.html

* Import with the v.in.gshhs [[GRASS AddOns]] module.

* Download data from [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/shorelines.html NOAA's shoreline extractor] site.
: For GRASS 6 you can download 1:250,000 shoreline data from NOAA's site in Mapgen format, which can be imported with the {{cmd|v.in.mapgen}} module.

* '''Shapefiles''' for the 1.6 version are available from ftp://ftp.ihg.uni-duisburg.de/GIS/GISData/GSHHS/

=== SALB ===

Second Administrative Level Boundaries: ''"The SALB dataset is a global digital dataset consisting of digital maps and codes that can be downloaded on a country by country basis."''

* http://www.who.int/whosis/database/gis/salb/salb_home.htm

=== VMap0 ===

1:1 million vector data. Formerly known as ''Digital Chart of the World''

* see the two articles in [http://grass.osgeo.org/newsletter/index.php ''GRASS Newsletter vol. 3 (June 2005)'']

== Misc ==

* The FreeGIS.org database: http://www.freegis.org/database/
* http://finder.geocommons.com/