GRASS-Wiki - User contributions [en]

Installation Guide

2006-06-16T21:13:53Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson: /* Ubuntu */

== General ==

''For compilation of GRASS source code, see [[Compile and Install]].''

GRASS requires a workstation running some flavor of UNIX conforming to POSIX standards like Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, IRIX, or BSD. It is also possible to run GRASS in MS Windows by using UNIX translation software such as Cygwin or MinGW. Ideally, you should have at least 500 Mb for data and 128 Mb RAM. The source code package needs around 30 MB uncompressed. The resulting binaries may need between 20 MB and 180 MB depending on your platform. During a full compilation you may need temporarily up to 150MB including the source code.

The [http://grass.itc.it/download/index.php Software Download Section] of the main GRASS web site contains the latest binaries and source code for all supported platforms. That site also has general directions for installing GRASS manually. However, installation is slightly different on each operating system. Here you can find user-contributed pointers for installing GRASS on specific platforms. In particular, many operating systems have package management utilities that can greatly simplify GRASS installation.

== GNU/Linux ==

=== Debian ===

A binary version of GRASS is available from the apt repository. As root type:

apt-get install grass grass-doc

This is the easiest way to install GRASS on Debian. If you choose to install a binary version manually from the main web site, be sure to follow the instructions for making symlinks found as a note to the [[http://grass.itc.it/grass61/binary/linux/snapshot/ 6.1 weekly snapshot]] release.

==== DebianGis ====

There is also the wonderfull [http://pkg-grass.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl DebianGIS] project which has a more recent GRASS version with its related packages.

To install from there follow the [http://pkg-grass.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl/DebianGisRepository instructions] there

=== Fedora ===

[http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/misc/freegis/intevation/freegis/fedora/ Intevation] provides RPM-packages for stable releases prepared to install on Fedora systems.

=== Mandriva ===

[http://www.gdf-hannover.de GDF Hannover] provides RPM-packages for stable releases prepared to install on Mandriva systems.

You can download them here: [http://www.gdf-hannover.de/software]

=== SuSE ===

[http://www.gdf-hannover.de GDF Hannover] provides RPM-packages for stable releases prepared to install on SUSE-systems.

You can download them here: [http://www.gdf-hannover.de/software]

=== Ubuntu ===

GRASS Binaries are available from apt/synaptic. From a terminal type:

sudo apt-get install grass grass-doc

or alternatively, search for and install these packages from Synaptic. This is the easy way to get GRASS on your system. Even if you choose to install binaries from another source, you may want to install this version just so that all (most) dependencies are installed as painlessly as possible.

To get the latest version of GRASS on Ubuntu, compile the code from source. See the [[Compile and Install]] section for a shell script that makes this easy.

== Mac OS X ==

Precompiled Mac OSX packages can be found [http://wwwamb.bologna.enea.it/forgrass/download.htm here].

== MS-Windows ==

* Precompiled winGRASS/Cygwin 6.1 packages are provided [http://geni.ath.cx/grass.html here] (requires Cygwin unix emulator, see there).

* Precompiled native winGRASS packages with QGIS integrated are provided [http://gisalaska.com/torrents/ here] (no Cygwin needed).

[[Category:Documentation]]
[[Category:Installation]]

Compile and Install

2006-06-16T09:29:25Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson:

== How to do compilation and installation of GRASS 6? ==

Here we explain the procedure to compile GRASS from CVS, but it also applies to official GRASS 6 releases.

''For installation of precompiled binary packages, see the main [[Installation Guide]].''

For detailed information on compilation, please see the [http://grass.itc.it/grass61/source/INSTALL INSTALL] file in the source code.

=== Prerequisites ===

GRASS needs at least two extra libraries:

* [http://proj.maptools.org PROJ4] for management of projections
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL/OGR] for reading and writing various GIS data formats (interoperability)

You have to install these two libraries '''first'''.

Other libraries needed to run GRASS are listed here: [http://grass.itc.it/grass61/source/REQUIREMENTS.html REQUIREMENTS]. To compile, you will also need the respective "devel" packages.

=== Generic Compilation and installation procedure ===

* checkout the grass6 module from cvs (read http://grass.itc.it/faq/cvs_howto.html grass CVS howto instructions)
* It is wise that compilation processes are carried out as a normal user: If you want to get the source code in a place where you do not have write permissions (e.g. in /usr/local/src/cvs) just follow this:
cd /usr/local/src/cvs
su -c 'mkdir grass6'
su -c 'chown yourlogin:yourgroup grass6'
* do a checkout (co) of the repository
cvs -z3 co grass6
* in the grass6 directory, you will find the precious INSTALL file, open it with your favourite pager/editor and read it carefully!
* run configure with parameters to adapt the compile process to your own system. To see what options can be passed to it, run configure --help. The minimum set of configure parameters is (refers to GRASS 6 from CVS, not to 6.x release):
./configure ### It may (!) look like this:
./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/include/pgsql/libpq \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
--with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-motif \
--with-glw \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj

You may have to explicitly state the path for certain packages (i.e., gdal). The Unix 'locate' command will come in handy for finding the name of the package you need (you may have to run locate as root ex: sudo locate gdal-config).

Please note that the paths mentioned may widely vary due to the distribution used. At the end of configuration process you should get report not much different from this:

GRASS is now configured for: i686-pc-linux-gnu

Source directory: /usr/src/grass6
Build directory: /usr/src/grass6
Installation directory: /usr/local/grass-6.1.cvs
Startup script in directory: ${exec_prefix}/bin
C compiler: gcc -g -O2
C++ compiler: c++ -g -O2
FORTRAN compiler:
Building shared libraries: yes
64bit support: no

NVIZ: yes

BLAS support: no
C++ support: yes
DWG support: no
FFMPEG support: no
FFTW support: yes
FreeType support: yes
GDAL support: yes
GLw support: no
JPEG support: yes
LAPACK support: no
Large File Support (LFS): no
Motif support: no
MySQL support: no
NLS support: no
ODBC support: no
OGR support: yes
OpenGL(R) support: yes
PNG support: yes
PostgreSQL support: yes
Readline support: no
SQLite support: no
Tcl/Tk support: yes
TIFF support: yes
X11 support: yes

* Let's compile it (takes a little while...)!
make
* At the end, you should get report not much different from this:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Following modules are missing the 'description.html' file in src code:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GRASS GIS compilation log
-------------------------
Started compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:18:43 CEST 2006
--
Errors in:
--
Finished compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:43:40 CEST 2006
(In case of errors please change into the directory with error and run 'make')

* If there is any error, change directory to directory with error and run "make" again. Report occuring bug to grass mailing list
* Once the installation process is finished, you're ready to install GRASS system wide.
su -c 'make install'
* enjoy GRASS:
grass61

=== What else? ===

If you want to use [http://www.qgis.org QGIS], then also compile the GRASS-GDAL/OGR plugin. This is also useful to access your GRASS-data
from other application using GDAL/OGR like [http://thuban.intevation.de thuban].
* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]] (enables QGIS to read GRASS data directly)

=== Platform Specific Notes ===
==== Ubuntu 6.06 ====

[http://david.p.finlayson.googlepages.com/makegrass.sh makegrass.sh] is script designed to automate most of the download, configuration and compilation of GRASS 6.1.

Installation Guide

2006-05-21T08:39:26Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson:

== General ==

GRASS requires a workstation running some flavor of UNIX like Solaris, IRIX, Linux, BSD, Mac OS X or cygwin (on Windows). Ideally, you should have at least 500 Mb for data and 32 Mb RAM. The source code package needs around 50 MB uncompressed. The resulting binaries may need between 20 MB and 180 MB depending on your platform. During a full compilation you may need temporarily up to 550MB including the source code.

The [http://grass.itc.it/download/index.php Software Download Section] of the main GRASS web site contains the latest binaries and source code for all supported platforms. That site also has general directions for installing GRASS manually. However, installation is slightly different on each operating system. Here you can find user-contributed pointers for installing GRASS on specific platforms. In particular, many operating systems have package management utilities that can greatly simplify GRASS installation.

== GNU/Linux ==

=== Debian ===

A binary version of GRASS is available from the apt repository. As root type:

apt-get install grass grass-doc

This is the easiest way to install GRASS on Debian. If you choose to install a binary version manually from the main web site, be sure to follow the instructions for making symlinks found as a note to the [[http://grass.itc.it/grass61/binary/linux/snapshot/ 6.1 weekly snapshot]] release.

=== Fedora ===
=== Suse ===
=== Ubuntu ===

GRASS Binaries are available from apt/synaptic. From a terminal type:

sudo apt-get install grass grass-doc

or alternatively, search for and install these packages from Synaptic. This is the easy way to get GRASS on your system. Even if you choose to install binaries from another source, you may want to install this version just so that all (most) dependencies are installed as painlessly as possible.

As of 2006-05-21, the latest binary available is GRASS 6.0.1 which is a step version behind the current stable release (GRASS 6.0.2). If you wish to install a more recent binary version, you will need to download the binary package from the GRASS web site and follow the instructions for installing on [[#Debian]]. You may find that the effort required to install the binary manually is not much less than compiling the whole package from source. If this is the case, I recommend compiling the development version of GRASS (6.1-cvs) to take advantage of the exiting new capabilities built into 6.1.

== OS X ==

== Windows ==

Installation Guide

2006-05-21T08:35:57Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson: /* Debian */

Installation Guide

2006-05-21T08:31:43Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson: /* Ubuntu */

== General ==

GRASS requires a workstation running some flavor of UNIX like Solaris, IRIX, Linux, BSD, Mac OS X or cygwin (on Windows). Ideally, you should have at least 500 Mb for data and 32 Mb RAM. The source code package needs around 50 MB uncompressed. The resulting binaries may need between 20 MB and 180 MB depending on your platform. During a full compilation you may need temporarily up to 550MB including the source code.

The [http://grass.itc.it/download/index.php Software Download Section] of the main GRASS web site contains the latest binaries and source code for all supported platforms. That site also has general directions for installing GRASS manually. However, installation is slightly different on each operating system. Here you can find user-contributed pointers for installing GRASS on specific platforms. In particular, many operating systems have package management utilities that can greatly simplify GRASS installation.

== GNU/Linux ==

=== Debian ===
=== Fedora ===
=== Suse ===
=== Ubuntu ===

GRASS Binaries are available from apt/synaptic. From a terminal type:

sudo apt-get install grass grass-doc

or alternatively, search for and install these packages from Synaptic. This is the easy way to get GRASS on your system. Even if you choose to install binaries from another source, you may want to install this version just so that all (most) dependencies are installed as painlessly as possible.

As of 2006-05-21, the latest binary available is GRASS 6.0.1 which is a step version behind the current stable release (GRASS 6.0.2). If you wish to install a more recent binary version, you will need to download the binary package from the GRASS web site and follow the instructions for installing on [[#Debian]]. You may find that the effort required to install the binary manually is not much less than compiling the whole package from source. If this is the case, I recommend compiling the development version of GRASS (6.1-cvs) to take advantage of the exiting new capabilities built into 6.1.

== OS X ==

== Windows ==

Before installing GRASS you will need to download and install a Unix emulation enviornment to Windows.

Installation Guide

2006-05-21T08:26:38Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson: /* General */

== General ==

GRASS requires a workstation running some flavor of UNIX like Solaris, IRIX, Linux, BSD, Mac OS X or cygwin (on Windows). Ideally, you should have at least 500 Mb for data and 32 Mb RAM. The source code package needs around 50 MB uncompressed. The resulting binaries may need between 20 MB and 180 MB depending on your platform. During a full compilation you may need temporarily up to 550MB including the source code.

The [http://grass.itc.it/download/index.php Software Download Section] of the main GRASS web site contains the latest binaries and source code for all supported platforms. That site also has general directions for installing GRASS manually. However, installation is slightly different on each operating system. Here you can find user-contributed pointers for installing GRASS on specific platforms. In particular, many operating systems have package management utilities that can greatly simplify GRASS installation.

== GNU/Linux ==

=== Debian ===
=== Fedora ===
=== Suse ===
=== Ubuntu ===

GRASS Binaries are available from apt/synaptic. From a terminal type:

sudo apt-get install grass grass-doc

or alternatively, search for and install these packages from Synaptic

As of 2006-05-21, the latest binary available is GRASS 6.0.1 which is a step version behind the current stable release (GRASS 6.0.2). If you wish to install a more recent binary version, you will need to download the binary package from the GRASS web site and follow the instructions for installing on Debian. You may find that the effort required to install the binary manually is not much less than compiling the whole package from source. If this is the case, I recommend compiling the development version of GRASS (6.1-cvs) to take advantage of the exiting new capabilities built into 6.1.

== OS X ==

== Windows ==

Before installing GRASS you will need to download and install a Unix emulation enviornment to Windows.

Installation Guide

2006-05-21T08:20:31Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson:

== General ==

GRASS requires a workstation running some flavor of UNIX like Solaris, IRIX, Linux, BSD, Mac OS X or cygwin (on Windows). Ideally, you should have at least 500 Mb for data and 32 Mb RAM. The source code package needs around 50 MB uncompressed. The resulting binaries may need between 20 MB and 180 MB depending on your platform. During a full compilation you may need temporarily up to 550MB including the source code.

The Software Download Section of the main GRASS web site contains the latest binaries and source code for all supported platforms. That site also has general directions for installing GRASS manually. However, installation is slightly different on each operating system. Here you can find user-contributed pointers for installing GRASS on specific platforms. In particular, many operating systems have package management utilities that can greatly simplify GRASS installation.

== GNU/Linux ==

=== Debian ===
=== Fedora ===
=== Suse ===
=== Ubuntu ===

GRASS Binaries are available from apt/synaptic. From a terminal type:

sudo apt-get install grass grass-doc

or alternatively, search for and install these packages from Synaptic

As of 2006-05-21, the latest binary available is GRASS 6.0.1 which is a step version behind the current stable release (GRASS 6.0.2). If you wish to install a more recent binary version, you will need to download the binary package from the GRASS web site and follow the instructions for installing on Debian. You may find that the effort required to install the binary manually is not much less than compiling the whole package from source. If this is the case, I recommend compiling the development version of GRASS (6.1-cvs) to take advantage of the exiting new capabilities built into 6.1.

== OS X ==

== Windows ==

Before installing GRASS you will need to download and install a Unix emulation enviornment to Windows.

Documents

2006-05-21T07:37:04Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson:

* [[Installation Guide]]
* [[GRASS 5 Tutorial]]
* [[GRASS 6 Tutorial]]
* [[GRASS Documents]]

Documents

2006-05-21T07:36:32Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson:

* [[Instalation Guide]]
* [[GRASS 5 Tutorial]]
* [[GRASS 6 Tutorial]]
* [[GRASS Documents]]

GRASS 6 Tutorial

2006-05-20T21:59:32Z

⚠️DavidFinlayson: /* Introduction */

The Free Software/Open Source GIS GRASS 6 is fully operational and stable version for production use. This tutorial tries to
give you a hand to familiarize yourself with the improved functionality, especially in the vector engine and attribute management.
For further reading, see the references below.

'''Disclaimer:''' In case the examples described here do not work properly, you are kindly invited to send us further examples and/or code bugfixes/enhancements. Enjoy the WIKI!

This tutorial is intended for GRASS users who want to migrate from a previous release to the new GRASS Version. If you are a beginner,
please also consider additional [http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php books or tutorials].

==Introduction==

New GRASS development has made major improvements to the vector
architecture. The most significant change includes a new 2- and
3-dimensional vector library that manages vector attributes in
standard database management systems (DBMS). This system provides the
power of true relational databases for vector attribute management
while preserving the flexibility of traditional GRASS topological
tools. GRASS now also incorporates true 3-dimensional voxels in the
[[http://grass.itc.it/gdp/nviz/index.html][NVIS]] visualization environment as well as [[http://grass.itc.it/grass60/index.php][numerous enhancements]] to
virtually every tool in the GRASS library.

==Getting started in general==

* [[Introductional Material]] to Linux and GRASS

==Getting started - how to migrate to the new GRASS version==

* [[Grass Six Tutorial Getting Started]]

==Raster data management==

* The raster management works as it did in previous GRASS versions.

==Vector data management==

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Default Settings]]===
- Default settings for vector geometry;
for vector attributes; for db.* modules

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Geometry Management]]===
- General notes on Geometry
management; Managing the default settings;
GRASS vector architecture; Geometry stored in native format;
Geometry stored in SHAPE file;
Import/export of vector data Geometry;
Generating vector geometry from various sources

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Attribute Management]]===
- General notes on Attribute
management; Managing the default settings; Examples;
Database Schema

==Usage examples==

===Basic usage examples===

===Complex usage examples===

===Vector network analysis examples===

===Vector overlay/clipping examples===

===Examples from US National Atlas===

===FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)===

* Grass Six Tutorial Faq

==Troubleshooting==

* Grass Six Tutorial Troubleshooting

==Links of interest==

* GRASS-GMT Examples: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/

==Further reading==

===GRASS and R kriging interpolation===

====Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R====

ORDINARY KRIGING IN R WITH GRASS6 DATA

Of all the methods we tried this is the most easy and (I suppose) exact too:

You have to have in your library the packages "gstat" and "spgrass6", you can download this last one directly from R using the command "install.packages".
In GRASS we have a vector file named "giaciture_cat_clean3" and we want to do a prediction on this data...
these are the commmands:

enter R from the GRASS prompt, and type:

<pre>
library(spgrass6)

#get vector points as SpatialPointsDataFrame
giaciture <- getSites6sp("giaciture_cat_clean3")

class(giaciture) #shows the class of "giaciture" (SpatialPointsDataFrame)

G <- gmeta6() #get region from GRASS to R
</pre>

now if you want you can continue to work in R from GRASS or not...

<pre>
#create a grid from the region settings of GRASS, it is very important
# to have square cells, so you can set the region settings of GRASS or
# you can give directly square dimensions using the values:
# e.g."cells.dim=c(50,50)"
grd <- GridTopology(cellcentre.offset=c(G$west+(G$ewres/2)
,G$south+(G$nsres/2))
,cellsize=c(G$ewres, G$nsres)
,cells.dim=c(G$cols, G$rows))

#create a SpatialGridDataFrame
mask_SG <- SpatialGridDataFrame(grd
,data=list(k=rep(1,G$cols*G$rows))
,proj4string=CRS(G$proj4))

class(mask_SG)

library(gstat)

cvgm <- variogram(IMMERSIONE~1,locations=giaciture,width=400,cutoff=4000)
#create variogram, and "IMMERSIONE"
#here is the our variable, the variable on wich we have to do the prediction,
# ~ 1 select the type of kriging, this is the ordinary one

efitted <- fit.variogram(cvgm,vgm(psill=5000,model="Exp",range=1500,nugget=8000))
# choose the model to fit variogram (here is exponential) and give the
# estimated parameters of the variogram (partial sill, range and nugget)

OK_pred <- krige(IMMERSIONE~1,locations=giaciture,newdata=mask_SG,model=efitted)
# make the kriging prediction

names(OK_pred) #show the name of variable kriged

writeRast6sp(OK_pred,"OK_pred",zcol="var1.pred",NODATA=-9999)
#write a raster file and save it in GRASS, now you can open it from there.
</pre>

that's all!

special thanks to Roger Bivand, ever ready to lend a hand!

* GRASS <a href="http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php">books and tutorials</a>
* GRASS 6 Tutorial: http://www.gdf-hannover.de/literature
* Translation Portal for GRASS 6 Tutorial http://www.gdf-hannover.de/translation

==Category Tutorial==