Global datasets

2010-09-13T21:40:49Z

⚠️Hastings: added a link to a source for VMAP0 in Shapefile format

== Raster data ==

=== Orthoimagery ===

* [http://worldwindcentral.com/wiki/Sources_of_free_orthoimagery Sources of free orthoimagery]

=== ASTER topography (GDEM) ===

GDEM global 30m elevation calculated from stereo-pair images collected by the Terra satellite.
''"This is the most complete, consistent global digital elevation data yet made available to the world."''
This is a very new dataset, at version 1 (treat as ''experimental''). Accuracy will be improved in forthcoming versions (validation with SRTM, etc.; [http://gfoss.blogspot.com/2009/08/aster-gdem-30m-quality-assessment.html see assessment here] and [http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/reviews.html#aster here]).

* ''[https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/lpdaac/about/news_archive/monday_june_22_20092 pre-release announcement]''
* [http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/jun/HQ_09-150_ASTER_Topographic_Map.html NASA press release]
* [https://wist.echo.nasa.gov/~wist/api/imswelcome/ Warehouse Inventory Search Tool] or [http://www.gdem.aster.ersdac.or.jp/search.jsp Easy search tool] (Data download)

'''Tutorial:''' [http://grass.osgeo.org/wiki/ASTER_topography ASTER topography].
* To order and download data: http://digitalelevation.blogspot.com/2009/07/aster-gdem-download-tutorial.html

=== AVHRR ===

* see the [[AVHRR]] wiki page

=== Blue Marble imagery ===

NASA's Blue Marble is a 500m-8 degree per-cell world wide visual image of the Earth from space, with the clouds removed.

* see the [[Blue Marble]] wiki page

=== Natural Earth imagery ===

* [http://www.naturalearthdata.com/ Natural Earth II]: World environment map in natural color. GeoTIFF (use the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module)
* see also 1:10 million, 1:50 million and 1:110million scale maps from http://www.naturalearthdata.com/

=== True Marble imagery ===

* [http://www.unearthedoutdoors.net/global_data/true_marble/download True Marble]: 250m world wide visual image of the Earth from space, with the clouds removed. GeoTIFF (use the {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} module)

=== EO-1 ===

(Earth Observing-1)
* "''Advanced Land Imager (ALI) provides image data from ten spectral bands (band designations). The instrument operates in a pushbroom fashion, with a spatial resolution of 30 meters for the multispectral bands and 10 meters for the panchromatic band.''"
:-- http://eros.usgs.gov/products/satellite/eo1.php
* On-board Atmospheric Corrections

=== ETOPO ===

The ETOPO datasets provide global topography and bathymetry at 1', 2', and 5' per-cell resolutions.

==== ETOPO1 ====

* http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/

The ''cell registered'' version can be loaded directly into a lat/lon region. GRASS raster data is cell registered (see
the [[GRASS raster semantics]] page)

The ''grid registered'' version must be loaded into a simple XY location using the parameters found in the .hdr file, and needs to have the 90deg N,S rows cropped away:

# create a new simple XY location and mapset

# Import grid registered binary float
r.in.bin -f in=etopo1_bed_g.flt out=etopo1_bed_g \
n=90.008333333335 s=-90.008333333335 e=180.00833333334 \
w=-180.00833333334 rows=10801 cols=21601 anull=-9999
r.colors out=etopo1_bed_g color=etopo2

# reduce region by 1 cell
g.region rast=etopo1_bed_g
eval `g.region -g`
g.region n=n-$nsres s=s+$nsres e=e-$ewres -p

# save smaller raster and remove original
r.mapcalc "etopo1_bed_g.crop = etopo1_bed_g"
g.remove etopo1_bed_g

# change the location to lat/lon by restarting GRASS
# in the PERMANENT mapset and running {{cmd|g.setproj}}
# or move the entire mapset into a lat/lon location
# and manually edit the $MAPSET/cellhd/ files (dirty!)

==== ETOPO2 ====

* See the ETOPO2 (2' global) article by M.H. Bowman in the [http://grass.itc.it/newsletter/GRASSNews_vol1.pdf GRASS Newsletter, 1:8-11, August 2004].
: [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/fliers/01mgg04.html ETOPO2v2 data download]

=== GTOPO30 ===

* Data [http://eros.usgs.gov/#/Find_Data/Products_and_Data_Available/gtopo30_info download] - Import with {{cmd|r.in.gdal}}.

''Note:'' To avoid that the GTOPO30 data are read incorrectly, you can add a new line "PIXELTYPE SIGNEDINT" in the .HDR to force interpretation of the file as signed rather than unsigned integers. Then the .DEM file can be imported. Finally, e.g. the 'terrain' color table can be assigned to the imported map with r.colors.

=== CleanTOPO2 ===

* [http://www.shadedrelief.com/cleantopo2/ CleanTOPO2 download]: Edited SRTM30 Plus World Elevation Data

=== GEBCO ===

* The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (original 1' release 2003, new 1' and 30" releases 2008)
: http://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/
: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/gebco/

{{cmd|r.in.gdal}} can be used to import the GMT netCDF files directly, or if that doesn't work you can use GMT tools to convert to an old-style native GMT format and import that with {{cmd|r.in.bin}}.
: example: (GEBCO 2003 1' data)

# convert to an old style GMT binary .grd using grdreformat
$ grdreformat 3n24s47w14w.grd 3n24s47w14w_Native.grd=bs

# then import into GRASS,
GRASS> r.in.bin -h -s bytes=2 in=3n24s47w14w_Native.grd out=3n24s47w14w

# and set some nice colors
GRASS> r.colors 3n24s47w14w rules=- << EOF
nv magenta
0% black
-7740 0:0:168
0 84:176:248
0 40:124:0
522 68:148:24
1407 148:228:108
1929 232:228:108
2028 232:228:92
2550 228:160:32
2724 216:116:8
2730 grey
2754 grey
2760 252:252:252
2874 252:252:252
2883 192:192:192
2913 192:192:192
100% 252:252:252
EOF

=== Global Multi-Resolution Topography (GMRT) ===

* Global ~1 arc-second (~90 m) topography using multi-beam and satellite data in the oceans combined with SRTM on land.
* Full information at: http://www.marine-geo.org/portals/gmrt/
* Accessible via [http://www.geomapapp.org/ GeoMapApp] or [http://www.virtualocean.org/ Virtual Ocean] software.
* Very convenient to download into GRASS via wget:

export `g.region -g`
wget "http://www.marine-geo.org/cgi-bin/getgridB?west=${w}&east=${e}&south=${s}&north=${n}&resolution=1" -O /tmp/test.grd
r.in.gdal /tmp/test.grd output=GMRT -o
rm /tmp/test.grd

* Note: Downloaded file contains no projection information, but is EPSG:4326 (WGS84 Geographic). The file size is limited, but lower resolution (resolution=2,4,8) data can be downloaded for larger areas.

=== Miscellaneous ===

==== Data sources ====

* Some datasource links: http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~ben/gmt.html
* [http://www.geotorrent.org/browse.php Geotorrent.org]

==== Modules ====
* The {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} modules may be used to import data of [http://www.gdal.org/formats_list.html many formats], including GMT netCDF
* The {{cmd|r.in.bin}} module may be used to import raw binary files

=== LANDSAT ===

Since October 1, 2008 all Landsat 7 ETM+ scenes held in the [http://landsat.usgs.gov/ USGS EROS archive] are available for download at no charge.
* Download via the [http://glovis.usgs.gov/ Glovis] online search tool (req. Java)
* Download via the USGS's [http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/EarthExplorer/ EarthExplorer] interface

==== Modules ====

* {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} - Main import tool for complete multiband scenes
* {{cmd|r.in.wms}} - Download data covering current map region via WMS server
* [[GRASS_AddOns#r.in.onearth|r.in.onearth]] - WMS frontend for NASA's OnEarth Global Landsat Mosaic
* {{cmd|i.landsat.rgb}} - Color balancing/enhancement tool

==== See also ====

* Processing tips can be found on the [[LANDSAT]] wiki page

=== MODIS ===

* see the [[MODIS]] wiki page

=== Pathfinder AVHRR SST ===

* see the Pathfinder [[AVHRR]] SST wiki page

=== QuickBird ===

* See the [[QuickBird]] wiki page

=== SeaWiFS ===

* see the [[SeaWiFS]] wiki page

=== Smith and Sandwell ===

* Merge info here from the [[Marine Science]] wiki page

=== SRTM ===

[http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/ Space Shuttle Radar Topography Mission]
* see [[HOWTO import SRTM elevation data]]

=== SRTM30plus data ===

SRTM30plus data consists of 33 files of global topography in the same format as the SRTM30 products distributed by the USGS EROS data center. The grid resolution is 30 second which is roughly one kilometer.

Land data are based on the 1-km averages of topography derived from the USGS SRTM30 grided DEM data product created with data from the NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. GTOPO30 data are used for high latitudes where SRTM data are not available.

Ocean data are based on the Smith and Sandwell global 2-minute grid between latitudes +/- 72 degrees. Higher resolution grids have been added from the LDEO Ridge Multibeam Synthesis Project and the NGDC Coastal Relief Model. Arctic bathymetry is from the International Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (IBCAO).

All data are derived from public domain sources and these data are also in the public domain.

GRASS 6 script <code>r.in.srtm</code> described in GRASSNews vol. 3 won't work with this dataset (as it was made for the original SRTM HGT files). But you can import SRTM30plus tiles into GRASS this way:

r.in.bin -sb input=e020n40.Bathmetry.srtm output=e020n40_topex bytes=2 north=40 south=-10 east=60 west=20 r=6000 c=4800
r.colors e020n40_topex rules=etopo2

; Source
: GRASS Users Mailing List http://grass.itc.it/pipermail/grassuser/2005-August/030018.html
; Getting SRTM30plus tiles
: ftp://topex.ucsd.edu/pub/srtm30_plus/data

=== WorldClim ===

[http://www.worldclim.org/ WorldClim] is a set of global climate layers (climate grids) with a spatial resolution of a square kilometer.
* Load into a Lat/Lon WGS84 location (EPSG:4326)
* Import with {{cmd|r.in.bin}} or {{cmd|r.in.gdal}}
* {{cmd|r.in.gdal}} will read .BIL format, see the {{cmd|r.in.srtm}} shell script for hints
* binary format is 2 byte integer. Multiply by 10 using {{cmd|r.mapcalc}} to convert units. See http://www.worldclim.org/format.htm for more information and the [[MODIS]] help page for example of converting raw to data units.

=== OGC WCS - Albedo example ===

GRASS imports OGC Web Coverage Service data. Example server (please suggest a better one!)
<WCS_GDAL>
<ServiceURL>http://laits.gmu.edu/cgi-bin/NWGISS/NWGISS?</ServiceURL>
<CoverageName>AUTUMN.hdf</CoverageName>
<Timeout>90</Timeout>
<Resample>nearest</Resample>
</WCS_GDAL>

Save this as albedo.xml. Import into a LatLong WGS84 location:
r.in.gdal albedo.xml out=albedo

Unfortunately this server sends out the map shifted by 0.5 pixel. This requires a fix to the map boundary coordinates:
r.region albedo n=90 s=-90 w=-180 e=180

Now apply color table and look at the map:
r.colors albedo color=byr
d.mon x0
d.rast albedo

=== SNODAS ===

[http://nsidc.org/data/docs/noaa/g02158_snodas_snow_cover_model/index.html Snow Data Assimilation System] data that support hydrologic modeling and analysis. First download the data, and untar them (once for each month, and once for each day), and you should get pairs of “.dat” and “.Hdr” files. The data files are stored in flat 16-bit binary format, so assuming that “snowdas_in.dat” is the name of the input file, at the GRASS prompt:

r.in.bin -bs bytes=2 rows=3351 cols=6935 north=52.874583333332339 \
south=24.949583333333454 east=-66.942083333334011 west=-124.733749999998366 \
anull=-9999 input=snowdas_input.dat output=snowdas

=== Soviet topographic maps ===

* [http://en.poehali.org/maps Soviet topographic maps] as geocoded GeoTIFFs

== Vector data ==

=== CDC Geographic Boundary and Public Health Maps ===

* http://www.cdc.gov/epiinfo/maps.htm

=== Global Administrative Areas ===

* GADM is a database of the location of the world's administrative areas (boundaries) available in shapefiles.
: http://gadm.org (extracted by country [http://gadm.org/country here])

* World Borders Dataset including ISO 3166-1 Country codes available in shapefiles.
: http://thematicmapping.org/downloads/world_borders.php
* Free GIS data from Mapping Hacks
: http://mappinghacks.com/data/

=== GSHHS World Coastline ===

GSHHS is a high resolution shoreline dataset. It is derived from data in the public domain and licensed as GPL. The shorelines are constructed entirely from hierarchically arranged closed polygons. It is closely linked to the [[GMT]] project.

* Download original data from http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/wessel/gshhs/gshhs.html

* Import with the {{AddonCmd|v.in.gshhs}} GRASS Add-on module.

* Download data from [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/shorelines.html NOAA's shoreline extractor] site.
: For GRASS 6 you can download 1:250,000 shoreline data from NOAA's site in Mapgen format, which can be imported with the {{cmd|v.in.mapgen}} module.

* '''Shapefiles''' for the 1.6 version are available from ftp://ftp.ihg.uni-duisburg.de/GIS/GISData/GSHHS/

=== OpenStreetMap ===

See the [[OpenStreetMap]] wiki page.

=== SALB ===

Second Administrative Level Boundaries: ''"The SALB dataset is a global digital dataset consisting of digital maps and codes that can be downloaded on a country by country basis."''

* http://www.who.int/whosis/database/gis/salb/salb_home.htm

=== VMap0 ===

1:1 million vector data. Formerly known as ''Digital Chart of the World''

* see the two articles in [http://grass.osgeo.org/newsletter/index.php ''GRASS Newsletter vol. 3 (June 2005)'']

Check the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_Map Wikipedia page] on VMAP, see the links at the bottom of that article to shapefile versions of VMAP0 and VMAP1. Those look like the versions that were, several years ago, on a NIMA (predecessor to NGA, and successor to the Defense Mapping Agency that managed the Digital Chart of the World and VMAP project) Website. Many GRASS users may prefer the shapefiles to the original Vector Product Format data.

== See also ==

* [http://spatial-analyst.net/wiki/index.php?title=Global_datasets Global datasets] list by T. Hengl (with dataset download)
* The FreeGIS.org database: http://www.freegis.org/database/
* http://finder.geocommons.com/
* http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Potential_Datasources
* http://www.geonames.org/data-sources.html
* [http://ckan.net/tag/read/geo Open Knowledge Foundation link collection]

=== National datasets ===

* [http://asdd.ga.gov.au/asdd/tech/zap/basic.html Australian Spatial Data Directory]
* [http://wiki.gfoss.it/index.php/GIS_Open_Data Italian Geodata collection]
* [http://koordinates.com/ New Zealand] data from Koordinates.com
* United States from NOAA/USGSs data portal (FIXME: link?)
* [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/ Greek Public Geodata] (in Greek)

=== European datasets ===

* [http://grass.osgeo.org/wiki/European_datasets European datasets]

=== Various datasets worldwide ===

* [http://geospatial.edublogs.org/ GEOSPATIAL DATA REPORT: Finding and Using GIS Data]

[[Category: Geodata]]

GRASS-Wiki - User contributions [en]

Global datasets