GRASS-Wiki - User contributions [en]

R statistics

2020-06-08T06:59:44Z

⚠️Rkrug: Added statement concerning current state of the R packages and compiled tools needed

{{toc|right}}

=== Overview ===

High quality statistic analysis in GRASS GIS is possible thanks to an interface to one of the most powerful statistics analysis package around: '''''R''''' ([http://www.r-project.org/ http://www.r-project.org]). This R ←→ GRASS GIS interface is provided by the [https://cran.r-project.org/package=rgrass7 rgrass7] ''R'' addon package. The possibility to directly interact with R strongly increases the statistical and geospatial analysis capabilities of GRASS. See [https://cran.r-project.org/web/views/Spatial.html CRAN Task View: Analysis of Spatial Data] for an overview of the R packages and functions that can be used for reading, visualizing, and analyzing spatial data.

R can be used in conjunction with GRASS GIS in different ways:

* ''Running R 'on top of' GRASS'', transferring GRASS data to R to run statistical functions on the imported data as R objects in memory, and possibly transfer the results back to GRASS. GRASS raster and vector data can be imported in R using the [https://rdrr.io/rforge/rgrass7/man/readVECT.html readVECT()] and [https://rdrr.io/rforge/rgrass7/man/readRAST.html readRAST()] function provided by [http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rgrass7/ rgrass7]. Similarly, results can be written back using the [https://rdrr.io/rforge/rgrass7/man/readRAST.html writeRAST()] and [https://rdrr.io/rforge/rgrass7/man/readVECT.html writeVECT()] functions.
* ''Using R as a scripting language in GRASS''. GRASS functions can be run from R using the [https://rdrr.io/rforge/rgrass7/man/execGRASS.html execGRASS()] function in the ''rgrass7'' package. R scripting tools, such as powerful string-processing tools and functions for manipulating file names, can be used to 'glue' different functions and tools together.
* ''Using GRASS GIS as a geospatial library in R''. GRASS GIS can be used to extent the geospatial capability of R by: (1) offering an extensive and robust set of geospatial tools, and (2) provides a way to work with very large (larger-than-memory) spatial data sets. See Using 'GRASS GIS functionality within a R session' below for more information.

In practice, one will often combine different approaches, with scripts running GRASS functions, importing resulting layers in R for further analysis and visualization, and creating new layers in R that are imported back in GRASS.

=== Current State ===

R Windows binary packages distributed by the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) using OSGeo software (chiefly PROJ, GDAL and GEOS) use custom built binaries compatible with the build train used by R and are static linked; at present both 32-bit and 64-bit binaries are deployed. CRAN packages for macOS are also static linked to custom built binaries, again using the build train used by R. Static linkage is used to avoid having to deploy a package manager for external software on which R packages depend, since CRAN as a package manager already supports over 15000 packages with three binary versions (devel, release, old release) for Windows and macOS.

=== Installation ===

==== Installation of R core software ====

''Note: the ...-devel packages are needed if you want to install extra packages incl. '''rgrass7''' on your computer.''

Fedora:
sudo dnf install R-core
# further packages needed in order to locally compile "rgrass7"
sudo dnf install proj-epsg proj-nad proj-devel gdal-devel sqlite-devel xml2 libxml2-devel R-core-devel udunits2-devel

Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install r-base
# further packages needed in order to locally compile "rgrass7"
sudo apt-get install proj-bin proj-data libproj-dev libgdal-dev libsqlite3-dev libxml2-dev r-base-dev

==== Installation of the rgrass7 package ====
To install the R package '''rgrass7''' on newer versions of R, you simply start R and install the package directly with:

<source lang="rsplus">
install.packages("rgrass7", dependencies = TRUE)
</source>

This will install '''''rgrass7''''' and all its dependencies. To use the package, you first need to load it:

<source lang="rsplus">
library("rgrass7")
</source>

If you are using Rstudio, you can install the rgrass7 package in the usual way (tool → packages). For further instructions and for trouble shooting, see [[R_statistics/Installation]]

=== How to use ===

You can use Using R in conjunction with GRASS GIS in two different ways: (1) run R within a GRASS GIS session, and (2) run GRASS GIS within a R session.

==== Using R within a GRASS GIS session ====

If you are primarily a GIS user who wants to run e.g., some statistical tests not available in GRASS, you probably want to run R from within a GRASS GIS session. To do so, first start GRASS GIS and then start R (or RStudio) from the GRASS GIS command line. For more information and examples, see [[R_statistics/rgrass7]].

==== Using GRASS GIS functionality within a R session ====

If you are primarily a R user, who wants to take advantage of the advanced geospatial functions in GRASS, you probably want to use GRASS GIS within a R session. To connect to a GRASS GIS database from within R (or Rstudio), see the instructions on [[R_statistics/rgrass7]]. If you are a first time GRASS GIS User, you may want to check out the information for [https://grass.osgeo.org/grass7/ first time users] first.

=== Examples ===

* [https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Temporal_data_processing/GRASS_R_raster_time_series_processing Temporal data processing wiki]; a tutorial about time series processing with GRASS GIS and R.
* A short guide on how to [https://tutorials.ecodiv.earth/toc/from_grass_to_r.html get a GRASS function output in R].
* [https://tutorials.ecodiv.earth/toc/grass-import-glcf.html Importing GLCF MODIS woody plant cover] in a GRASS GIS database using an R script.
* [https://tutorials.ecodiv.earth/toc/grass-r-gbif.html Use R to obtain gbif data] and import it in a GRASS GIS database.

=== Getting help ===

==== Manual pages ====
If you are in R and have loaded the rgrass7 package, you can get the help page of ''rgrass7'' by typing:

<source lang="rsplus">
?rgrass7
</source>

Similarly, to get help for a specific function, e.g., for the function ''readRAST()'', you type:

<source lang="rsplus">
?readRAST
</source>

You can also start the ''R'' help page in your browser:

<source lang="rsplus">
help.start()
</source>

Now, to get the information about the package, select the '''Packages''' entry and then '''rgrass7'''.

==== Support from the community ====

Primary support for ''R'' + GRASS and the ''rgrass7'' package is through the [http://lists.osgeo.org/mailman/listinfo/grass-stats grass-stats] mailing list.

=== Useful links ===

==== R ====

* [http://r-spatial.org/ R][http://r-spatial.org/ -spatial main web page]
* [https://cran.r-project.org/web/views/Spatial.html CRAN Task View: Analysis of Spatial Data]
* [https://cengel.github.io/rspatial/2_spDataTypes.nb.html Introduction to Spatial Data Types in R]
* [https://github.com/edzer/sp R Classes and Methods for Spatial Data] - <code>sp</code> package
* [https://github.com/r-spatial/sf Simple Features for R] - <code>sf</code> package.
* [https://blog.dominodatalab.com/applied-spatial-data-science-with-r/ Applied Spatial Data Science with R] (blog post with examples)

==== Related ====

* [https://rpy2.bitbucket.io/ Python interface to the R Programming Language]: can be used to run R in GRASS Python scripts.

==== Articles & books ====

* Neural Networks with GRASS and R [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.03.015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.03.015]
* [http://www.asdar-book.org/ Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R]. Roger S. Bivand, Edzer Pebesma and V. Gómez-Rubio. UseR! Series, Springer. 2nd ed. 2013, xviii+405 pp., Softcover. ISBN: 978-1-4614-7617-7
* [http://www.grassbook.org/ GRASS Book], see last chapter
* [http://www.osgeo.org/journal OSGeo Journal] vol. 1 May 2007 (R. Bivand. Using the R— GRASS interface. ''OSGeo Journal'', 1:31-33, May 2007. ISSN 1614-8746).
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/newsletter/grassnews3.html GRASS News vol.3], June 2005 (R. Bivand. Interfacing GRASS 6 and R. ''GRASS Newsletter'', 3:11-16, June 2005. ISSN 1614-8746)

==== Older (but still useful) links ====

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090623093535/http://grass.osgeo.org/statsgrass/grass_geostats.html Using GRASS GIS 6 and R]
* [http://grassold.osgeo.org/statsgrass/r_and_dbms.html Connecting R to RDBMS]
* R. Bivand, 2007: [http://spatial.nhh.no/R/etc/FBK07 Interfacing R and OSGeo projects: status and perspectives]: Presentation with slides and scripts.
* M. Neteler and M. Metz, 2011: ''Introduction to GRASS GIS''. GEOSTAT 2011 Landau. [http://geostat-course.org/Topic_NetelerMetz_2011 Download workshop material] (includes a R session)

=== Note for users of the legacy GRASS GIS 6 ===

If you are still using GRASS GIS 6, see [[R_statistics/spgrass6]] for instructions and examples of using GRASS GIS in conjunction with R. However, you are strongly encouraged to upgrade to GRASS GIS 7. Not only does it offer many improvements and new functionalities (see this [https://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/Grass7/NewFeatures overview of New features]), it also provides a smoother R-GRASS integration on the Windows platform.

About using R and GRASS with cygwin: It is possible to use Rterm inside the GRASS shell in cygwin, just as in Unix/Linux or OSX. You should not, however, start Rterm from a cygwin xterm, because Rterm is not expecting to be run in a xterm under Windows, and loses its input. If you use the regular cygwin bash shell, but need to start display windows, start X from within GRASS with startx &, and then start Rterm in the same cygwin shell, not in the xterm.

[[Category:Installation]]
[[Category:FAQ]]
[[Category:Linking to other languages]]
[[Category:R]]
[[Category:Statistics]]

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2019-11-18T09:12:00Z

⚠️Rkrug: Updated GRASS GIS 7.2 LTS install

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2019-11-18T09:04:30Z

⚠️Rkrug: Removed svn installation as it does not work anymore.

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2019-11-18T09:02:23Z

⚠️Rkrug: Changed `brew install osgeo-grass.rb` `brew install osgeo-grass`

== What is [http://brew.sh/ homebrew] and why use it ==

To quote from their website:

[http://brew.sh/ Homebrew is the missing package manager for OS X]:
* easy to install
* does not need administrator privileges
* installs packages to their own directory and then symlinks their files into /usr/local

For further information to install it and how to use it, see the [http://brew.sh/ Homebrew website] and the [https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/tree/master/share/doc/homebrew#readme Wiki].

The formulas to install programs are called recipes and they make it possible to install several version of the same program (as well as HEAD of different Version Control Systems) at the same time which can then be symlinked.
This makes it perfect for the purpose of installing the master branch of GRASS GIS for testing purposes.

== GRASS GIS 7.6+ ==

There is an [https://github.com/OSGeo/homebrew-osgeo4mac osgeo4mac] which contains [https://github.com/OSGeo/homebrew-osgeo4mac/blob/master/Formula/osgeo-grass.rb recipes for GRASS GIS 7.x] and other GIS tools - highly recommendable tap!

'''Installation:'''

Just run

brew tap osgeo/osgeo4mac

and then

brew install osgeo-grass

Easy, isn't it?

You can also install via URL:

brew install https://github.com/OSGeo/homebrew-osgeo4mac/blob/master/Formula/osgeo-grass.rb

'''Testing:'''
* by running (change '7x' to the current version)
brew test -v grass-7x
you can run GRASS GIS tests but they are not implemented as they should be - work in progress.

== GRASS GIS 7.2 ==

If you have a 3rd party Python installed, and/or Python 3, you need to remove it from your path for the installation. Once installed, GRASS will run even if the primary Python is, for example, Anaconda Python 3.

Display the current path, and remove any folders or directories that provide access to the non-system python2.7:
echo $PATH
# ~/local/anaconda/bin:/Users/MyName/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/sbin
Reset path
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/sbin
Set GRASS python
export GRASS_PYTHON=/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin/pythonw

Install packages with Brew
brew tap osgeo/osgeo4mac
brew install netcdf
brew install gdal2 --with-complete --with-unsupported
export GDAL_DATA=/usr/local/opt/gdal2/share/gdal/
# Also add the above line to ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bashrc, or some other login script
brew install grass7 --with-netcdf
brew install gdal2-grass7

Notes:
# PATH adjustments are only needed during installation. After installation, the PATH can return to its default value and GRASS works fine.
# There may be other brew dependencies that were installed previously and therefore not listed here.

== How to install GRASS GIS 7.1 SVN Head ==
I assume that homebrew is installed and working.

Different recipes are organized in so called taps which need to be added to homebrew by using '''''brew tap''''' command. The GRASS GIS 7.1 recipes are in the following github repo:

https://github.com/rkrug/homebrew-head-only

In addition, GRASS GIS has dependencies which can be found in the homebrew/science tap.

To add these two to homebrew, one has to use the commands

brew tap rkrug/head-only
brew tap homebrew/science
brew update

If you want to use the option '''--with-liblas''' make sure that '''liblas''' is build using the correct installed version of gdal by running

brew install liblas
brew install --build-from-source liblas

The first comand installs from bottles (binary) when available, and the second command reinstalls '''liblas''' by building it from source, therby using installed dependencies.

Otherwise you might get the following error when using the option '''--with-liblas''':

checking whether to use libLAS... yes
checking for liblas-config... /usr/local/opt/liblas/bin/liblas-config
configure: error: *** Unable to locate libLAS library.

Thanks to Glynn Clements for identifying this error (see [http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gis.grass.devel/65254 the mail on gmane]).

Finally, GRASS 7.1 SVN can be installed by

brew install --HEAD grass-71

This should be it.

If this does not work, please leave comments at [https://github.com/rkrug/homebrew-head-only/issues the issues page of the tap] or at the grass-dev mailing list.

== GRASS GIS 7.0.x for El Capitan without disabling SIP ==
The new homebrew recipe for GRASS 7.0 does install on El Capitan with SIP enabled! This is thanks to Larry Shaffer. See
https://github.com/OSGeo/homebrew-osgeo4mac/issues/118#issuecomment-200278686

The recipe is part of the Homebrew-osgeo4mac tap, see

https://github.com/OSGeo/homebrew-osgeo4mac

for info on how to use them.

[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
[[Category:Installation]]

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2015-08-06T15:34:45Z

⚠️Rkrug:

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2015-08-06T15:33:36Z

⚠️Rkrug:

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2015-08-06T15:32:42Z

⚠️Rkrug: /* How to install GRASS GIS 7.1 SVN Head */

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2015-08-06T13:47:24Z

⚠️Rkrug: /* How to install GRASS GIS 7.1 SVN Head */

Compile and Install

2015-07-30T10:33:36Z

⚠️Rkrug: Added sections for "converntional" as well as "homebrew" installation

'''Disclaimer''': This page explains how to turn the GRASS GIS source code into an installable binary package ("compilation") for different operating systems. If you just want to get ready-to-use binaries, go [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/ here], otherwise read on...

== How to do compilation and installation of GRASS GIS? ==

Here we explain the procedure to compile GRASS from SVN, but it also applies to official GRASS 6 releases.

''For installation of precompiled binary packages, see the main [[Installation Guide]].''

For detailed information on compilation, please see the [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/source/INSTALL INSTALL] file in the source code.

=== Prerequisites ===

==== Extra libraries ====
GRASS needs at least two extra libraries: PROJ and GDAL/OGR

''Note: if you want to have DBMS support in GDAL (subsequently in GRASS) you have to perform the "Optional" steps below as well.''

* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ4] for management of projections (with proj-datumgrid-1.3.zip support)
* Optional: [http://trac.osgeo.org/geos/ GEOS]
* Optional: [http://www.postgresql.org PostgreSQL], [http://www.mysql.org mySQL], [http://www.unixodbc.org unixODBC], [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite] (SQLite is needed for [[QGIS]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL/OGR] for reading and writing various GIS data formats (interoperability)

You have to install these two libraries '''first''' (see below how to get them precompiled for your system).

It is easiest to obtain a prepackaged version of these libraries (e.g., .rpm; .deb) for your particular operating system and run the corresponding package installation (e.g., rpm -Uhv packagename.rpm; apt-get) in a terminal window. Take care to also install the development packages of these libraries (...-devel packages). If there is no prepackage version, then you will have to download the source code (see links above, source code packages usually ends in .tar.gz or .zip) and compile it (you must have a C compiler installed as part of your operating system). The Web sites show the steps to compile the libraries.

Other libraries needed to run GRASS are listed on the {{website|grass64/source/REQUIREMENTS.html|requirements page}}.

To compile, you will also need the respective "-devel" packages.

==== Download GRASS GIS source code ====
Then [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ download the GRASS GIS source code] of course.

=== Generic Compilation and installation procedure ===

* It is wise that compilation processes are carried out as a normal user: If you want to get the source code in a place where you do not have write permissions (e.g. in /usr/local/src/) just follow this:
cd /usr/local/src/
su -c 'mkdir grass6'
su -c 'chown yourlogin:yourgroup grass6'

Otherwise if you have permissions just continue as a normal user:
cd /usr/local/src/
svn checkout ...

* do a code checkout from the SVN source code repository
: checkout the latest GRASS 6.x from SVN (see: {{twiki|DownloadSource}})

* in the grass6 directory, you will find the precious INSTALL file, open it with your favourite pager/editor and read it carefully!

* run configure with parameters to adapt the compile process to your own system. To see what options can be passed to it, run:
./configure --help | less


It may (!) look like this:

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/include/pgsql/libpq \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
--with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-motif \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj

You may have to explicitly state the path for certain packages (i.e., gdal). The Unix 'locate' command will come in handy for finding the path of the package you need (you may have to run locate as root ex: sudo locate gdal-config).

Please note that the paths mentioned may widely vary due to the distribution used.
See [[Compile_and_Install#Platform_Specific_Notes|Platform Specific Notes]] below.

Depending on your needs it may be a good idea to include debugging hooks.
: See [[GRASS_Debugging#Compile_Time_Setup]].
CFLAGS="-ggdb -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration" ./configure ...

At the end of configuration process you should get report not much different from this:

GRASS is now configured for: i686-pc-linux-gnu

Source directory: /usr/src/grass6
Build directory: /usr/src/grass6
Installation directory: /usr/local/grass-6.3.svn
Startup script in directory: ${exec_prefix}/bin
C compiler: gcc -g -O2
C++ compiler: c++ -g -O2
FORTRAN compiler:
Building shared libraries: yes
64bit support: no

NVIZ: yes

BLAS support: no
C++ support: yes
DWG support: no
FFMPEG support: no
FFTW support: yes
FreeType support: yes
GDAL support: yes
GLw support: no
LAPACK support: no
Large File Support (LFS): no
Motif support: no
MySQL support: no
NLS support: no
ODBC support: no
OGR support: yes
OpenGL(R) support: yes
PNG support: yes
PostgreSQL support: yes
Readline support: no
SQLite support: no
Tcl/Tk support: yes
TIFF support: yes
X11 support: yes

* Let's compile it (takes a little while...)!
make
* At the end, you should get report not much different from this:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Following modules are missing the 'description.html' file in src code:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GRASS GIS compilation log
-------------------------
Started compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:18:43 CEST 2006
--
Errors in:
--
Finished compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:43:40 CEST 2006
(In case of errors please change into the directory with error and run 'make')

* If there is any error, change directory to directory with error and run "make" again. Report occuring bug to grass mailing list
* Once the installation process is finished, you're ready to install GRASS system wide.
su -c 'make install'
* enjoy GRASS:
grass64

=== What else? ===

If you want to use [http://www.qgis.org QGIS], then also compile the GRASS-GDAL/OGR plugin. This is also useful to access your GRASS-data
from other application using GDAL/OGR like [http://thuban.intevation.de thuban].
* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]] (enables QGIS to read GRASS data directly)

=== Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin ===

* See [[Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin]]

=== Platform Specific Notes ===

==== Linux ====

Linux cames in various flavours, i.e. distributions.

===== Debian =====

Read the instructions here:
: http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/browser/grass/branches/develbranch_6/debian/README.debian

# first install PROJ, GDAL, etc.
cd grass64/
# follow instructions in debian/README.debian
fakeroot buildpackage

* Official [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianGis DebianGIS] packaging control files:

<strike>
http://svn.debian.org/viewsvn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/
svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/trunk/

or

svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/branches/<GRASS Version>
</strike>

Available on git server:
git://git.debian.org/git/pkg-grass/grass.git

http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-grass/grass.git/

====== GRASS 6.1 on Debian Sarge ======

* [http://hamish.bowman.googlepages.com/debiangisfiles#compile Compiling GRASS 6.1-CVS on Debian/OldStable (aka 3.1, Sarge)]

====== GRASS 6.4 on Debian Lenny ======

Install needed packages:
apt-get install flex bison libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev lesstif2-dev debhelper dpatch libtiff4-dev \
tcl-dev tk-dev libfftw3-dev libxmu-dev libfreetype6-dev autoconf2.13 autotools-dev doxygen \
libmysqlclient15-dev graphviz libsqlite3-dev python-wxgtk2.8 libcairo2-dev libwxgtk2.8-dev \
python-dev libgdal1-dev libgdal1-1.5.0 libproj-dev libproj0 proj-data mysql

Configure:
./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \
--with-odbc \
--with-cairo \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4/ \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-motif --with-fftw --with-nls --with-python

Compile:
make

Install:
sudo make install

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Squeeze ======

Install needed packages:
apt-get install flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 autotools-dev python-dev \
g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev libfreetype6-dev \
libgdal1 libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev \
libncurses5-dev libproj-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libtiff4-dev \
libwxgtk2.8-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev mesa-common-dev \
proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk2.8 subversion wx-common zlib1g-dev

Download source code:

svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk

Configure:

cd grass_trunk/
CFLAGS="-Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" \
CXXFLAGS="-Wall" \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local \
--with-gdal --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
--with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
--without-tcltk \
--with-cxx \
--enable-largefile \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-sqlite \
--with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python2.6-config --with-wxwidgets \
--with-geos --with-pthread

Compile:
make

Install:
sudo make install # installs as /usr/local/bin/grass71

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Wheezy ======

Install needed packages:

# note: cmake and libboost-all-dev only needed for optional libLAS
sudo apt-get install cmake libboost-all-dev

sudo apt-get install flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 autotools-dev \
python-dev g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev libfreetype6-dev \
libgdal1 libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev libncurses5-dev libproj-dev \
libreadline-dev libtiff4-dev libwxgtk2.8-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers \
libxt-dev mesa-common-dev proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk2.8 subversion wx-common \
zlib1g-dev netcdf-bin libatlas-dev libgegl-dev opencl-headers ocl-icd-libopencl1 \
libsqlite3-dev postgresql

Download and Install libLAS
wget http://download.osgeo.org/liblas/libLAS-1.7.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libLAS-1.7.0.tar.gz
cd libLAS-1.7.0/
mkdir makefiles
cd makefiles
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ../
make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig
cd ../..

Download of GRASS GIS 7 source code:
wget http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/grass-7.0.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf grass-7.0.0.tar.gz

Configure:
cd grass-7.0.0
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local \
--with-gdal \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
--with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
--with-cxx --enable-largefile \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-sqlite --with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-wxwidgets --with-geos --with-blas \
--with-lapack-includes=/usr/lib/lapack --with-liblas=yes \
--with-netcdf=/usr/bin/nc-config --with-odbc=yes \
--with-openmp=yes --with-pthread=yes --with-postgres=yes \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib/postgresql

# --with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
# --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \

GRASS GIS 7 is now configured (example):

Source directory: /home/user/grass-7.0.0
Build directory: /home/user/grass-7.0.0
Installation directory: ${prefix}/grass-7.0.0
Startup script in directory:${exec_prefix}/bin
C compiler: gcc -g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused
C++ compiler: c++ -g -Wall
Building shared libraries: yes
OpenGL platform: X11
MacOSX application: no
MacOSX architectures:
MacOSX SDK:
BLAS support: yes
C++ support: yes
Cairo support: yes
DWG support: no
FFTW support: yes
FreeType support: yes
GDAL support: yes
GEOS support: yes
LAPACK support: no
Large File support (LFS): yes
libLAS support: yes
MySQL support: no
NetCDF support: yes
NLS support: yes
ODBC support: yes
OGR support: yes
OpenCL support: no
OpenGL support: yes
OpenMP support: yes
PNG support: yes
POSIX thread support: yes
PostgreSQL support: yes
Readline support: yes
Regex support: yes
SQLite support: yes
TIFF support: yes
wxWidgets support: yes
X11 support: no

Compile:
make -j2

Install:
sudo make install # installs as /usr/local/bin/grass70

Launch:
grass70

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Jessie ======

Install needed packages:
sudo apt-get install cmake libboost-all-dev flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 \
autotools-dev python-dev g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev \
libfreetype6-dev libgdal1h libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev \
libncurses5-dev libproj-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libtiff5-dev \
libwxgtk3.0-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev mesa-common-dev \
proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk3.0 subversion wx-common zlib1g-dev \
netcdf-bin libnetcdf-dev libatlas-dev libgegl-dev opencl-headers \
ocl-icd-libopencl1 postgresql libgeotiff-dev libblas-dev mysql-server

Download and compile libLAS:
wget http://download.osgeo.org/liblas/libLAS-1.8.0.tar.bz2
tar xjf libLAS-1.8.0.tar.bz2
mkdir libLAS-1.8.0/makefiles
cd libLAS-1.8.0/makefiles
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ../
make
sudo make install

Download and compile GRASS 7:
wget http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/grass-7.0.0.tar.gz
tar xzfv grass-7.0.0.tar.gz
cd grass-7.0.0
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" \
CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local \
--with-gdal --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
--with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
--with-cxx --enable-largefile \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-sqlite --with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-wxwidgets --with-geos --with-blas \
--with-lapack-includes=/usr/lib/lapack --with-liblas \
--with-netcdf=/usr/bin/nc-config --with-odbc=yes \
--with-openmp=yes --with-pthread=yes --with-postgres=yes \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib/postgresql \
--with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
--with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql
make -j2

Install:
sudo make install # installs as /usr/local/bin/grass70

===== Ubuntu =====

In general, the compilation instructions for Debian (see above), apply to the Ubuntu-Linux operating system as well. However, there is a dedicated page on how to [[Compile_and_Install_Ubuntu | Compile the GRASS GIS source code & install it in Ubuntu]].

===== Linux Mint =====

Install packages needed for compilation:
<pre>
sudo apt-get install build-essential flex make bison gcc libgcc1 g++ \
cmake ccache python python-dev python-qt4 python-qt4-dev python-opengl \
python-wxversion python-wxtools python-wxgtk2.8 python-dateutil \
libgsl0-dev python-numpy wx2.8-headers wx-common libwxgtk2.8-dev \
libwxgtk2.8-dbg libwxbase2.8-dev libwxbase2.8-dbg libncurses5-dev \
zlib1g-dev gettext libtiff-dev libpnglite-dev tcl8.5-dev tk8.5-dev \
libcairo2 libcairo2-dev sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libpq-dev libreadline6 \
libreadline6-dev libfreetype6-dev txt2tags libfftw3-3 libfftw3-dev \
libqt4-core libqt4-dbg libqt4-dev libqt4-gui libqt4-sql \
libqt4-qt3support lsb-qt4 qt4-designer qt4-dev-tools qt4-doc \
qt4-qtconfig libapt-pkg-perl resolvconf libjasper-dev ruby subversion \
ffmpeg ffmpeg2theora libffmpegthumbnailer-dev libavcodec-dev libxmu-dev \
libavformat-dev libswscale-dev checkinstall libglu1-mesa-dev libxmu-dev \
libproj-dev proj-bin

CFLAGS="-Wall" ./configure --with-cxx --with-gdal \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/ \
--with-geos --without-postgres \
--with-nls --with-opengl-includes=/usr/include/GL/ \
--with-x --with-fftw --with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 --with-sqlite \
--with-python=/usr/bin/python2.7-config --with-wx=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--with-wxwidgets --with-cairo --enable-largefile

make

sudo make install
</pre>

===== Mandriva =====

Installation of dependencies (urpmi will ask you a few more):

'''Mandriva 2009:''' (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit)
# as root
urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
mesagl1-devel mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
exit

'''Mandriva 2010:''' (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit) - see also [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/grass/current/SPECS/ SPEC] file
# as root
# installation of PROJ and GDAL
urpmi proj proj-devel gdal gdal-devel gcc-gfortran lib64openssl1.0.0 \
lib64openssl1.0.0-devel postgresql8.4-devel lib64pq8.4

# installation of compilation environment
urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
lib64mesagl1-devel lib64mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
exit

Then, to configure GRASS, run (64 bit stuff optional of course):
# as user
./configure \
--enable-64bit --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \
--with-cxx \
--with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \
--with-sqlite \
--with-nls \
--with-python \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/lib/wxPython/bin/wx-config \
--with-fftw \
--with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/libav* /usr/include/libpostproc /usr/include/libswscale" \
--with-motif \
--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64 \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--enable-largefile

# compilation (use -j2 ior -j4 parameter on multi-core CPUs to accelerate):
make

Installation:
su
# this will install into /usr/local/
make install
exit

===== Enterprise Linux =====

Enterprise Linux (EL) and derivatives (that is, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS and Scientific Linux) is a popular and robust platform for servers and computing-heavy workstations, and is therefore a good fit for GIS specific requirements.

See: http://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Enterprise_Linux_GIS

===== Scientific Linux =====

See Centos

===== CentOS =====

You first need to add the EPEL repository for PROJ.4 and GDAL, see [https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/FAQ#How_can_I_install_the_packages_from_the_EPEL_software_repository.3F here]

<strike>
Preparation '''Centos 5''' (old):
yum install epel-release

# Note: CentOS 5 comes with Python 2.4 which lacks python-config, hence two extra tweaks are needed.
yum install flex bison zlib-devel tcl-devel tk-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
libtiff-devel libpng-devel sqlite-devel \
mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel mesa-libGLw-devel \
mesa-libOSMesa-devel libXmu-devel python-devel gtk2-devel\
ncurses-devel postgresql-devel make
</strike>

Preparation '''Centos 6''' | '''Scientific Linux 6''':
yum install epel-release

yum install flex bison make zlib-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
sqlite-devel mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel \
libXmu-devel libX11-devel fftw-devel libtiff-devel \
lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
proj proj-devel proj-epsg proj-nad libxml2 gdal gdal-devel geos geos-devel \
python-dateutil python-imaging python-matplotlib
# only GRASS GIS 6: install also tcl-devel tk-devel

Preparation '''Centos 7''' | '''Scientific Linux 7''':
yum install epel-release

yum install flex bison make zlib-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
sqlite-devel mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel \
libXmu-devel libX11-devel fftw-devel libtiff-devel \
lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
proj proj-devel proj-epsg proj-nad libxml2 gdal gdal-devel geos geos-devel \
python-dateutil python-imaging python-matplotlib
# only GRASS GIS 6: install also tcl-devel tk-devel

'''GRASS GIS 7 compilation and installation'''

[http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ Download source code] (e.g., --> "Download latest 7.0-svn code (SVN))" and configure GRASS 7 (suggestion: save this as script):

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--without-ffmpeg \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres \
--with-nls \
--with-python \
--with-cairo \
--with-geos \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--without-mysql \
--without-odbc \
--without-fftw \
--enable-largefile

Compile:
make
or on a multicore system (number depends of available cores):
make -j4

For a system wide installation, run as root user:
make install
OR simply run it directly from the source code directory (substitute ARCH with i686 or x86_64):

bin.$ARCH/grass70 -gui

In this case, for convenience, add it to the search path:
mkdir $HOME/bin
cd $HOME/bin
# example:
ln -s $HOME/software/grass70_release/bin.i686-pc-linux-gnu/grass70 .

Now use it subsequently with
grass70 -gui

===== Gentoo =====

./configure \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/"

See also http://packages.gentoo.org/package/sci-geosciences/grass

===== Funtoo =====

The [http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Compile_and_Install#Generic_Compilation_and_installation_procedure Generic Compilation & installation procedure] applies also for the [http://www.funtoo.org/ Funtoo] Linux meta-distribution. The following example scripts are provided as a mean to get started.

====== Installing dependencies ======

'''''Following likely needs to be updated!'''''

<source lang="bash">
# # Searching for missing packages, e.g. wxwidgets
# e-file wx-config

# emerge dependecies -- This will take quite some time! Hint: net-libs/webkit-gtk
USE="curl xls fftw gmath motif wxwidgets gml hdf5 jpeg2k mdb netcdf odbc ogdi opencl postgres spatialite sqlite szip" \
emerge -av proj geos gdal \
xerces \
mesa motif libGLw \
tcl tk clang llvm byacc opencl \
unixODBC postgresql-base ogdi spatialite \
libgeotiff hdf5 netcdf \
eselect-postgresql eselect-opencl eselect-wxwidgets \
wxpython pyopengl \
fftw

# before compiling
eselect python set 1 # probably #1 is python 2.7
</source>

====== Example Scripts ======

A simple configuration and compilation

<ul>
<source lang="bash">
# clean previous configuration
make distclean

# update source code
svn up

# renice! source: <http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2013-May/068229.html>
renice +17 -p $$

# configure
./configure \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
2>&1 | tee config_log.txt

# compile
time make -j13
</source>
</ul>

An attempt for a complete configuration and compilation '''checking'''. In addition, this script times each of the executed commands (need for scrolling back!).

<ul>
<source lang="bash">
# clean previous configuration
time make distclean

# update
time svn up

# renice! source: <http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2013-May/068229.html>
renice +17 -p $$

# configure
CFLAGS="-ggdb -march=native -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration" \
./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-includes=/usr/include/ --with-libs=/usr/lib64/ \
--with-proj \
--with-proj-includes=/usr/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=/usr/lib64/ \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/ \
--with-geos \
--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-x \
--with-motif \
--with-cairo \
--with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL \
--without-ffmpeg \
--with-python=yes --with-python=/usr/bin/python2.7-config \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
--with-odbc=yes \
--with-sqlite=yes \
--with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes="/usr/include/mysql" --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \
--with-postgres=yes --with-postgresql=yes --with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql" \
--with-opencl --with-openmp --with-pthread \
--with-lapack \
--with-fftw \
--with-readline \
--with-regex \
--with-nls \
--with-jpeg \
--with-tiff \
--with-png \
--with-netcdf \
--without-opendwg \
--enable-largefile=yes \
2>&1 | tee config_log.txt

# check "make"
time make check
</source>
</ul>

===== Fedora =====

====== GRASS GIS 6 on Fedora ======

'''Preparation''' for the compilation of GRASS GIS 6 source code (F16-F21):

yum install proj-devel gdal-devel sqlite-devel ffmpeg-devel mesa-libGL-devel \
mesa-libGLU-devel libXmu-devel libX11-devel tcl-devel tk-devel geos \
fftw-devel libtiff-devel lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ bison flex ncurses-devel proj-epsg proj-nad xml2 subversion

''Note 1: that currently gdal-devel has (too) many dependencies and may lead to a massive download of extra packages (200 on a fresh Fedora 16 install). Hopefully solved in later Fedora versions.''

''Note 2: the optional ffmpeg-devel comes from the rpmfusion-free repository ([http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration/ configuration]).''

'''Download''' the source code:
* GRASS GIS 6: [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ release package] - [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/source/snapshot/ weekly snapshot] - [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/DownloadSource#GRASS6.4 SVN repository]

'''Configure''': This is an ''example'' how to configure the source code on a Fedora system:

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-sqlite \
--with-nls \
--with-geos \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--enable-largefile \
--without-odbc \
--with-fftw

Extra: If you also want '''FFMPEG''' support - it requires 'yum install fftw-devel'. Then add to the configuration lines above:

--with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/ffmpeg /usr/include/ffmpeg/libav* /usr/include/ffmpeg/libpostproc /usr/include/ffmpeg/libswscale" \

Finally '''compile''' the configured source code:
make
or on multicore (number depends of available cores):
make -j4
and
make install # requires root permissions unless you become owner of /usr/local/

Then use GRASS GIS 6 and enjoy!

====== GRASS GIS 7 on Fedora ======

'''Preparation''' for the compilation of GRASS GIS 7 source code (F20-F22):

# Fedora22: yum -> dnf, the syntax is identical
yum install gcc gcc-c++ bison flex ncurses-devel proj-epsg proj-nad xml2 \
proj-devel gdal-devel gdal-python sqlite-devel mesa-libGL-devel \
fftw-devel mesa-libGLU-devel libXmu-devel libX11-devel geos geos-devel \
libtiff-devel lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
python-dateutil python-imaging python-matplotlib-wx subversion

# optionally also: netcdf-devel postgresql-devel atlas-devel

''Note 1: the optional ffmpeg-devel comes from the rpmfusion-free repository ([http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration/ configuration]).''

'''Download''' the source code:
* GRASS GIS 7: [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ weekly snapshot] - [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/DownloadSource#GRASS7 SVN repository]

'''Configure''': This is an example how to configure the source code on a Fedora system:

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-sqlite \
--with-nls \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--with-fftw \
--with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--enable-largefile \
--without-odbc

Extra: If you also want '''FFMPEG''' support - it requires 'yum install fftw-devel' from the rpmfusion-free repository. Then add to the configuration lines above:

--with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/ffmpeg /usr/include/ffmpeg/libav* /usr/include/ffmpeg/libpostproc /usr/include/ffmpeg/libswscale" \

Finally '''compile''' the configured source code:
make
or on multicore (number depends of available cores):
make -j4
and
make install # requires root permissions unless you become owner of /usr/local/

Then use GRASS GIS 7 and enjoy!

===== openSUSE =====

To build GRASS on openSUSE:

RPM packages to be installed:
<source lang="bash">
sudo zypper install bison flex freetype2-devel fftw3-devel gcc-c++ \
libgdal-devel libgeos-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel \
man proj libproj-devel readline-devel netcdf-devel ncurses-devel \
mysql-devel postgresql-devel sqlite-devel unixODBC-devel \
tcl-devel tk-devel xorg-x11-Mesa-devel libXmu-devel \
python-numpy python-dateutil python-devel python-opengl \
python-wxWidgets python-xml python-dateutil wxWidgets-devel \
zlib-devel
</source>

Source code configuration:
<source lang="bash">
./configure \
--enable-largefile \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-cxx \
--with-lapack=yes \
--with-x \
--with-motif \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
--with-fftw \
--with-readline \
--with-netcdf \
--with-curses \
--with-geos \
--with-nls \
--with-sqlite \
--with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-odbc \
--with-python
</source>

Then compile with "make [-j2]".

===== Arch Linux =====

The easiest/fastest way is to build GRASS GIS using AUR:

https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/?O=0&K=grass (msieczka: I would recommend my set of PKBUILDs - https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/?K=czk&SeB=m. They are most feature-rich, up-to-date and allow to have various versions installed alongside each other without conflicts.)

But if you want to compile it yourself you have to keep in mind that in Arch Linux the default Python version 3.

python --version

Python 3.3.1

Therefore, to build GRASS GIS (version 7 in this example), we can use either use virtualenv or symlink python2 and python2-config in a given directory.
Let's use the latter approach

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python2 $HOME/usr/bin/python
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python2-config $HOME/usr/bin/python-config

We can now start building GRASS 7

export PATH=~/usr/bin:$PATH && \
./configure \
--enable-debug \
--enable-64bit \
--with-libs=/usr/lib64 \
--with-cxx \
--with-readline \
--with-zlib-includes="/usr/include/" \
--with-freetype=yes \
--with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
--enable-largefile=yes \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/ \
--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config \
--with-cairo \
--with-odbc \
--with-pthread \
--with-liblas=/usr/local/bin/liblas-config \
--with-fftw-includes="/usr/include/" \
--with-fftw-libs=/usr/lib/ \
--with-tcltk-includes="/usr/include/" \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-postgres=yes \
--with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql/internal" \
--with-postgres-libs="/usr/include/postgresql/internal/libpq" \
--with-sqlite=yes \
--with-python=yes \
--with-liblas \
--with-netcdf

Now let's compile and install it

make
sudo make install

Now the final step required to use GRASS with python2 is to create a bash script "grass" (or the name you want)

#!/bin/bash
export PATH=~/usr/bin:$PATH
python2 /usr/local/bin/grass70

And make it executable and copy it somewhere in the PATH

chmod+x grass
sudo cp grass /usr/local/bin

It's done, you can enjoy GRASS 7 in Arch, just type "grass" (or the name you gave to the script) in the terminal to launch it.

===== RPM SPEC files =====
* ... can be found in the source code, rpm/ directory,
* or [https://build.opensuse.org/package/show?package=grass&project=Application%3AGeo OpenSuSe]
* or [https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/acls/name/grass Fedora]
* or [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/grass/ Mandriva] (there are also [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/proj/ proj4], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/geos/ geos], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/gdal/ gdal], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/gdal-grass/ gdal-grass-plugin], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/qgis/ qgis] etc)
* ...

===== Zaurus =====

... see [http://wiki.debian.org/?GrassGISonZaurus here] for instructions

==== Mac OSX ====

===== Conventional installation =====
* see the source/macosx readme ([http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/browser/grass/trunk/macosx/ReadMe.rtf Trac link])
* main page [[Compiling on MacOSX]]
* main page [[Packaging on MacOSX]]
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/mac-osx/ official download site]
* [http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks#build_scripts build scripts for dependencies]
* solving errors at starting GRASS GIS: [[MacOSX GRASS errors]]
=====[[Compiling on MacOSX using homebrew]] =====

==== FreeBSD / NetBSD ====

The recommended compiler tools are GCC, GNU make, GNU coreutils (for install), and flex. All are available through the respective package managing tools (pkg_add for FreeBSD and pkgin install for NetBSD) and for recent *BSD versions most likely installed by default.

GRASS 6.x and GRASS 7 should compile on FreeBSD 8.0 or later and NetBSD 5.0 or later (maybe also on updated NetBSD 4.x).

It is highly recommended to install GDAL/OGR and PROJ4 first. These libraries and tools are available as [http://www.freebsd.org/ports/ ports for FreeBSD] and [http://www.pkgsrc.org/ packages for NetBSD].

Optional functionality is listed with ''./configure --help'', and related libraries and tools might need to be installed first.

==== Solaris ====

* ''2008 Oct 15'': see [http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2008-October/047093.html this post on the grass mailing list]

===== 11 SPARC/i86pc =====

The recommended compiler tools are GCC, GNU make, GNU coreutils (for install), and flex. All are available through the Solaris package manager.

Most dependencies are available through the Solaris package manager. GDAL and proj4 can either be compiled from source or installed e.g. from [http://www.opencsw.org/ OpenCSW]. If packages are installed from OpenCSW, the linker flags need to be set with

LDFLAGS="-Wl,-R/opt/csw/lib -L/opt/csw/lib -Wl,-R/opt/csw/gxx/lib -L/opt/csw/gxx/lib"

See also the [http://www.opencsw.org/use-it/ OpenCSW documentation].

===== 10 SPARC/i86pc =====

* get gcc compiler and tools. There are several sources: Solaris Companion CD (SFW pkg, installs in /opt/sfw/), Blastwave ([http://www.blastwave.org], CSW pkg, installs in /opt/csw/) or Sunfreeware ([http://www.sunfreeware.com], SMC pkg, installs in /usr/local/).
Needed Packages from Sunfreeware: SMCbinut, SMCbison, SMCcoreu, SMCfindu, SMCflex, SMCgawk, SMCgcc, SMCgrep, SMCgzip, SMCless, SMClibt, SMClicon, SMCmake, SMCncurs, SMCproj, SMCsed, SMCtar, SMCtcl, SMCtiff, SMCtk, SMCunzip, SMCzlib.

* compile and install fftw-library ([http://www.fftw.org]). You need to re-compile the library with:

./configure --with-pic --enable-shared; make ; make install.

The pre-built packages don't work.

* compile and install gdal library (see documentation of gdal, [http://www.gdal.org]).

* compile and install any additional libraries (e. g. GEOS, [http://geos.refractions.net]).

* set compiler flags and path. e. g.:

# on ultra-sparc machine:
CFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
PATH="/usr/local/bin:/opt/sfw/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin"
export CFLAGS CXXFLAGS PATH

Path has to be changed for the packages (Sunfreeware: /usr/local/bin, Solaris Companion: /opt/sfw/bin, Blastwave: /opt/csw/bin).

* Next configure, e. g.:

./configure --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql/ \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib --with-postgres=yes \
--with-includes=/usr/local/include/ncurses

If you use n(ew)curses, you have to include the path /usr/local/include/ncurses.

then:

make
su
make install

If the shared libraries are not found at runtime of the modules, use 'crle' to add the paths of the libraries for the dynamic linker, e. g. as root:

crle -l /lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/opt/sfw/lib:/usr/X11/lib

Be careful not to omit a library path, the system may be unusable if you forget the /lib path.

==== AIX ====

A recent [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81) and GNU coreutils are required. These are available with the [http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/power/software/aix/linux/toolbox/download.html IBM AIX toolbox] or through third-party AIX software repositories, e.g. [http://www.bullfreeware.com/ bullfreeware] and [http://www.perzl.org/aix/ perzl.org]. Note that 'make' does not work, only 'gmake' works.

General instructions to compile on AIX are e.g. [http://www.perzl.org/aix/index.php?n=Main.Instructions here]

On AIX, compilation results by default in 32 bit applications and static libraries. The [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-gnu.html IBM documentation] explains how to build 64 bit applications and shared libraries with GCC.

'''GRASS 6: Using the IBM xlc compiler:'''
* ''see [http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gis.grass.user/32667 this mailing list thread]''

Mike wrote in 2009:

After attempting all the suggestions, I finally used
--disable-shared on the configure command, and all but
a handful of modules successfully compiled. I was able to
individually address the ones that failed through Makefile
edits and several small source code/header file edits.

The environment variables and configure command that worked were:
<pre>
# xlc compiler:
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/opt/freeware/bin:$PATH
export OBJECT_MODE=64
export LIBICONV=/opt/freeware
export CC="xlc_r -q64"
export CFLAGS="-O -qstrict"
export CXX="xlC_r -q64"
export CXXFLAGS="-O -qstrict"
export AR="ar -X64"
export F77="xlf_r -q64"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/afs/isis/pkg/libpng/include -I/usr/local/include -I$LIBICONV/include -I/usr/lpp/X11/include/X11"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -L$LIBICONV/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lc"

./configure --prefix=/afs/isis/pkg/grass-6.4.0 \
--enable-64bit \
--disable-shared \
--with-includes="/usr/include/fontconfig /usr/include/X11 /usr/include/X11/Xft /usr/include/X11/ext" \
--x-includes=/usr/include/X11 \
--x-libraries=/usr/X11R6/lib \
--with-fftw-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/include \
--with-fftw-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/lib \
--with-gdal=/afs/isis/pkg/gdal/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/include \
--with-proj-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/lib \
--with-proj-share=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/share/proj \
--with-tcltk-includes=/usr/local/include \
--with-tcltk-libs=/usr/local/lib \
--with-opengl-includes=/usr/include/GL
</pre>

'''GRASS 7: Using the IBM xlc compiler:'''

Get and install (in this order):
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/ GNU tar]
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81)
* [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite]
* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ.4] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ GRASS GIS 7]

The environment variables and configure command that worked:
<pre>
## AIX 5.x

export LIBPATH=/opt/freeware/lib64:/opt/freeware/lib
# make 'ar' happy
export OBJECT_MODE=64

PREFIX=$HOME/private/bin
./configure \
--prefix=$PREFIX \
--disable-shared \
--enable-largefile \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
--with-sqlite \
--with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-tiff=no \
--with-png=no \
--with-fftw=no \
--with-cairo=no \
--with-freetype=no
</pre>

'''GRASS 7: Using the GNU gcc compiler:'''

Get and install (in this order):
* if needed, [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/ GNU tar]
* if needed (the name is often 'gmake' and not 'make') [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81)
* [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite]
* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ.4] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ GRASS GIS 7]

The environment variables and configure command that worked for AIX 5.x:
<pre>
## AIX 5.x

export LIBPATH=/opt/freeware/lib64:/opt/freeware/lib
# make 'ar' happy
export OBJECT_MODE=64

PREFIX=$HOME/private/bin
CFLAGS='-ansi -D_ALL_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -Dinline=' ./configure \
--prefix=$PREFIX \
--disable-shared \
--enable-largefile \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
--with-sqlite \
--with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-tiff=no \
--with-png=no \
--with-fftw=no \
--with-cairo=no \
--with-freetype=no
</pre>

The environment variables and configure command that worked for AIX 7.x:
<pre>
## AIX 7.x
export CC="gcc"
export CXX="g++"
PREFIX=$HOME/bin

LDFLAGS="-Wl,-bsvr4,-R,/opt/freeware/lib -L/opt/freeware/lib" CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/freeware/include" ./configure \
--prefix=$PREFIX \
--enable-largefile \
--enable-shared \
--with-includes=/opt/freeware/include --with-libs=/opt/freeware/lib \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
--with-gdal=$PREFIX/bin/gdal-config \
--with-sqlite \
--with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib --with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include \
--with-png=no \
--with-tiff=no \
--with-fftw=no \
--with-cairo=no \
--with-opengl=no \
--with-freetype=no
</pre>

==== MS-Windows ====

===== MS-Windows/Cygwin =====

* See the [[Cygwin]] wiki pages

===== MS-Windows/native =====

====== Compile ======

* [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/CompileOnWindows GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide] (GRASS 6.4.x)
* <strike>[http://www.webalice.it/marco.pasetti/grass/BuildFromSource.html GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide] (GRASS 6.3.x) </strike>
* See/adapt [http://blog.qgis.org/node/124 idea] for unattended install of QGIS (et al) from [http://trac.osgeo.org/osgeo4w/ OSGeo4W] from the QuantumGIS Blog.

See also [[WinGRASS Current Status]] for latest updates.

=== Common problems and solutions ===

During compilation, error can occur if certain packages are not installed. Here a list of problems with solution:

* error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory
** this suggests that you don't have the X headers installed
** Solution: Install the libx11-dev package

* error: g.list: error while loading shared libraries: libgdal1.6.0.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
** this error appears in the shell right after the user clicks GUI's "Start GRASS" button. The GUI shows an error about geographic extent and gets closed afterwards.
** It happens when you launch bin.i686 executable on 64bit system. Be careful and choose the right architecture.

=== Static compilation ===

In order to get static rather than dynamically linked binaries, configure like this:

./configure --disable-shared --enable-static

This will however break the wxGUI and GRASS 7 completely because "ctypes" wants to link against shared libs, or there is something in the static libs that "ctypes" does not like.

=== Optimization ===

GCC and other compilers support [http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.3.3/gcc/Optimize-Options.html#Optimize-Options optimization]

If you would like to set compiler optimisations, for a possibly faster binary, type (don't enter a ";" anywhere):

CFLAGS=-O ./configure
or,
setenv CFLAGS -O
./configure

whichever works on your shell. Use -O2 instead of -O if your compiler supports this (note: O is the letter, not zero). Using the "gcc" compiler, you can also specify processor specific flags (examples, please suggest better settings to us):

CFLAGS="-mcpu=athlon -O2" # AMD Athlon processor with code optimisations
CFLAGS="-march=amdfam10" # AMD Phenom II X4 64bit processor with gcc >=4.3
CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium" # Intel Pentium processor
CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium4" # Intel Pentium4 processor
CFLAGS="-O2 -msse -msse2 -mfpmath=sse -minline-all-stringops" # Intel XEON 64bit processor
CFLAGS="-mtune=nocona -m64 -minline-all-stringops" # Intel Pentium 64bit processor

To find out optional CFLAGS for your platform, enter:
gcc -dumpspecs

See also: http://gcc.gnu.org/

A real fast GRASS version (and small binaries) will be created with LDFLAGS set to "stripping" (but this disables debugging):

CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=<cpu_see_above> -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure

=== Configure options and their meanings ===

For configure there are many options and some GRASS modules are built only if some options are set. Here are listed common configuration options with short explanation.

* --prefix=/path - Sets path where GRASS will be installed. GRASS will reside in /path/grass-version.
* --enable-largefile - Enables large (>2Gb on 32bit systems) support. For current large file support status look at [[Large File Support]] page.
* --with-cxx - Enables compilation of C++ code. Required for r.terraflow module.
* --with-readline - Enables readline support. If readline is enabled, you can use its history/editing facilities when entering r.mapcalc expressions on stdin.
* --with-glw - Enables GLw support. The GLw library provides OpenGL "canvas" widgets for Athena and Motif.

That switch is unnecessary for normal compilation. It's only
required for r3.showdspf, which isn't normally built; if you
want it, you have build it manually
(e.g. "make -C raster3d/r3.showdspf").
As similar functionality is now provided by NVIZ, r3.showdspf
is deprecated.
r3.showdspf uses the Motif widget (so you also need a
Motif library, e.g. Lesstif or OpenMotif).
[http://grass.itc.it/pipermail/grassuser/2006-December/037475.html Glynn Clements at GRASS-user mailing list]

=== Parallelized compilation on multi-core CPUs ===

You can dramatically accelerate the compilation of the GRASS code with the -j flag of "make" if you have a multi-core CPU system. This determines the maximum number of jobs to have running at once, so cores don't have to sit idle waiting for jobs on other cores to complete. A good rule of thumb for this value is <tt>number_of_cores * 1.5</tt>, but note that setting any higher than the actual number of cores will only affect the timing slightly. For example, on a dual-core processor:
make -j 4



== GRASS-GDAL plugin ==

* see [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

== Addons ==

Please note that the installation of [[AddOns/GRASS_6|Addons]] can be easily done with the {{cmd|g.extension}} manager. The compile instructions below are aiming at own development.

=== Compiled modules ===

This is the general way which works for C modules as well as scripts (Python or Shell/Bash modules) which has HTML documentation.

'''Requirements:'''

Either:
* a binary GRASS package, or
* source code which has been prepared with:
./configure [opionally flags]
make libs

Each of the [[GRASS_AddOns|addon]] modules should come with a Makefile. To compile it, just run:
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/

Note that the <tt>/path/to/grass64</tt> has to be absolute, not relative.

If using Bash it may be useful to set that up as an alias:
alias gmake64='make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/'

Installation (perhaps requires "sudo"):
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/ install

Note: Compiled addons may require a re-compilation if you changed/updated your GRASS standard binaries.

==== If binary comes with a -dev package ====

''(work in progress, this text states how it eventually will be :)''
Nowadays one does not need to the source code, nor compiling GRASS by oneself to be able to add add-ons. On Debian, you can just install the grass-dev package and then run:
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/usr/lib/grass64/ INST_DIR=/usr/lib/grass64/

The grass-dev package essentially provides GRASS's <tt>include</tt> header files and Make configuration files.

=== Scripts ===

If the addon module is a script, it is sufficient to copy it into the (GRASS binaries) path somewhere. Alternatively, install addons into a separate GRASS addons binaries/scripts directory which is easier to maintain. It avoids getting clobbered every time you reinstall GRASS. To use these separately stored scripts, set and export the GRASS_ADDON_PATH environment variable before starting GRASS and it will automatically be added to the module search path (see the {{cmd|variables}} help page). To simplify this, do for example:

# add in $HOME/.bashrc:
GRASS_ADDON_PATH=/usr/local/grass/addons/
export GRASS_ADDON_PATH

Make sure that the script is executable, then just call it in GRASS typing the filename. Python scripts need to be called writing the extension as well, like:

GRASS 6.5.svn (spearfish60):~ > v.krige.py

[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
[[Category:Installation]]

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2015-07-30T10:31:24Z

⚠️Rkrug: Page newly reated

Compiling on macOS using Homebrew

2015-07-28T13:49:41Z

⚠️Rkrug: Compilation instructions for OS X using homebrew

Under construction

Compile and Install

2015-07-28T13:45:29Z

⚠️Rkrug: Add page for compilation using homebrew

'''Disclaimer''': This page explains how to turn the GRASS GIS source code into an installable binary package ("compilation") for different operating systems. If you just want to get ready-to-use binaries, go [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/ here], otherwise read on...

== How to do compilation and installation of GRASS GIS? ==

Here we explain the procedure to compile GRASS from SVN, but it also applies to official GRASS 6 releases.

''For installation of precompiled binary packages, see the main [[Installation Guide]].''

For detailed information on compilation, please see the [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/source/INSTALL INSTALL] file in the source code.

=== Prerequisites ===

==== Extra libraries ====
GRASS needs at least two extra libraries: PROJ and GDAL/OGR

''Note: if you want to have DBMS support in GDAL (subsequently in GRASS) you have to perform the "Optional" steps below as well.''

* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ4] for management of projections (with proj-datumgrid-1.3.zip support)
* Optional: [http://trac.osgeo.org/geos/ GEOS]
* Optional: [http://www.postgresql.org PostgreSQL], [http://www.mysql.org mySQL], [http://www.unixodbc.org unixODBC], [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite] (SQLite is needed for [[QGIS]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL/OGR] for reading and writing various GIS data formats (interoperability)

You have to install these two libraries '''first''' (see below how to get them precompiled for your system).

It is easiest to obtain a prepackaged version of these libraries (e.g., .rpm; .deb) for your particular operating system and run the corresponding package installation (e.g., rpm -Uhv packagename.rpm; apt-get) in a terminal window. Take care to also install the development packages of these libraries (...-devel packages). If there is no prepackage version, then you will have to download the source code (see links above, source code packages usually ends in .tar.gz or .zip) and compile it (you must have a C compiler installed as part of your operating system). The Web sites show the steps to compile the libraries.

Other libraries needed to run GRASS are listed on the {{website|grass64/source/REQUIREMENTS.html|requirements page}}.

To compile, you will also need the respective "-devel" packages.

==== Download GRASS GIS source code ====
Then [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ download the GRASS GIS source code] of course.

=== Generic Compilation and installation procedure ===

* It is wise that compilation processes are carried out as a normal user: If you want to get the source code in a place where you do not have write permissions (e.g. in /usr/local/src/) just follow this:
cd /usr/local/src/
su -c 'mkdir grass6'
su -c 'chown yourlogin:yourgroup grass6'

Otherwise if you have permissions just continue as a normal user:
cd /usr/local/src/
svn checkout ...

* do a code checkout from the SVN source code repository
: checkout the latest GRASS 6.x from SVN (see: {{twiki|DownloadSource}})

* in the grass6 directory, you will find the precious INSTALL file, open it with your favourite pager/editor and read it carefully!

* run configure with parameters to adapt the compile process to your own system. To see what options can be passed to it, run:
./configure --help | less


It may (!) look like this:

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/include/pgsql/libpq \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
--with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-motif \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj

You may have to explicitly state the path for certain packages (i.e., gdal). The Unix 'locate' command will come in handy for finding the path of the package you need (you may have to run locate as root ex: sudo locate gdal-config).

Please note that the paths mentioned may widely vary due to the distribution used.
See [[Compile_and_Install#Platform_Specific_Notes|Platform Specific Notes]] below.

Depending on your needs it may be a good idea to include debugging hooks.
: See [[GRASS_Debugging#Compile_Time_Setup]].
CFLAGS="-ggdb -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration" ./configure ...

At the end of configuration process you should get report not much different from this:

GRASS is now configured for: i686-pc-linux-gnu

Source directory: /usr/src/grass6
Build directory: /usr/src/grass6
Installation directory: /usr/local/grass-6.3.svn
Startup script in directory: ${exec_prefix}/bin
C compiler: gcc -g -O2
C++ compiler: c++ -g -O2
FORTRAN compiler:
Building shared libraries: yes
64bit support: no

NVIZ: yes

BLAS support: no
C++ support: yes
DWG support: no
FFMPEG support: no
FFTW support: yes
FreeType support: yes
GDAL support: yes
GLw support: no
LAPACK support: no
Large File Support (LFS): no
Motif support: no
MySQL support: no
NLS support: no
ODBC support: no
OGR support: yes
OpenGL(R) support: yes
PNG support: yes
PostgreSQL support: yes
Readline support: no
SQLite support: no
Tcl/Tk support: yes
TIFF support: yes
X11 support: yes

* Let's compile it (takes a little while...)!
make
* At the end, you should get report not much different from this:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Following modules are missing the 'description.html' file in src code:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
GRASS GIS compilation log
-------------------------
Started compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:18:43 CEST 2006
--
Errors in:
--
Finished compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:43:40 CEST 2006
(In case of errors please change into the directory with error and run 'make')

* If there is any error, change directory to directory with error and run "make" again. Report occuring bug to grass mailing list
* Once the installation process is finished, you're ready to install GRASS system wide.
su -c 'make install'
* enjoy GRASS:
grass64

=== What else? ===

If you want to use [http://www.qgis.org QGIS], then also compile the GRASS-GDAL/OGR plugin. This is also useful to access your GRASS-data
from other application using GDAL/OGR like [http://thuban.intevation.de thuban].
* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]] (enables QGIS to read GRASS data directly)

=== Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin ===

* See [[Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin]]

=== Platform Specific Notes ===

==== Linux ====

Linux cames in various flavours, i.e. distributions.

===== Debian =====

Read the instructions here:
: http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/browser/grass/branches/develbranch_6/debian/README.debian

# first install PROJ, GDAL, etc.
cd grass64/
# follow instructions in debian/README.debian
fakeroot buildpackage

* Official [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianGis DebianGIS] packaging control files:

<strike>
http://svn.debian.org/viewsvn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/
svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/trunk/

or

svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/branches/<GRASS Version>
</strike>

Available on git server:
git://git.debian.org/git/pkg-grass/grass.git

http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-grass/grass.git/

====== GRASS 6.1 on Debian Sarge ======

* [http://hamish.bowman.googlepages.com/debiangisfiles#compile Compiling GRASS 6.1-CVS on Debian/OldStable (aka 3.1, Sarge)]

====== GRASS 6.4 on Debian Lenny ======

Install needed packages:
apt-get install flex bison libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev lesstif2-dev debhelper dpatch libtiff4-dev \
tcl-dev tk-dev libfftw3-dev libxmu-dev libfreetype6-dev autoconf2.13 autotools-dev doxygen \
libmysqlclient15-dev graphviz libsqlite3-dev python-wxgtk2.8 libcairo2-dev libwxgtk2.8-dev \
python-dev libgdal1-dev libgdal1-1.5.0 libproj-dev libproj0 proj-data mysql

Configure:
./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \
--with-odbc \
--with-cairo \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4/ \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-motif --with-fftw --with-nls --with-python

Compile:
make

Install:
sudo make install

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Squeeze ======

Install needed packages:
apt-get install flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 autotools-dev python-dev \
g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev libfreetype6-dev \
libgdal1 libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev \
libncurses5-dev libproj-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libtiff4-dev \
libwxgtk2.8-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev mesa-common-dev \
proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk2.8 subversion wx-common zlib1g-dev

Download source code:

svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk

Configure:

cd grass_trunk/
CFLAGS="-Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" \
CXXFLAGS="-Wall" \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local \
--with-gdal --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
--with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
--without-tcltk \
--with-cxx \
--enable-largefile \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-sqlite \
--with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python2.6-config --with-wxwidgets \
--with-geos --with-pthread

Compile:
make

Install:
sudo make install # installs as /usr/local/bin/grass71

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Wheezy ======

Install needed packages:

# note: cmake and libboost-all-dev only needed for optional libLAS
sudo apt-get install cmake libboost-all-dev

sudo apt-get install flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 autotools-dev \
python-dev g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev libfreetype6-dev \
libgdal1 libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev libncurses5-dev libproj-dev \
libreadline-dev libtiff4-dev libwxgtk2.8-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers \
libxt-dev mesa-common-dev proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk2.8 subversion wx-common \
zlib1g-dev netcdf-bin libatlas-dev libgegl-dev opencl-headers ocl-icd-libopencl1 \
libsqlite3-dev postgresql

Download and Install libLAS
wget http://download.osgeo.org/liblas/libLAS-1.7.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libLAS-1.7.0.tar.gz
cd libLAS-1.7.0/
mkdir makefiles
cd makefiles
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ../
make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig
cd ../..

Download of GRASS GIS 7 source code:
wget http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/grass-7.0.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf grass-7.0.0.tar.gz

Configure:
cd grass-7.0.0
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local \
--with-gdal \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
--with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
--with-cxx --enable-largefile \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-sqlite --with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-wxwidgets --with-geos --with-blas \
--with-lapack-includes=/usr/lib/lapack --with-liblas=yes \
--with-netcdf=/usr/bin/nc-config --with-odbc=yes \
--with-openmp=yes --with-pthread=yes --with-postgres=yes \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib/postgresql

# --with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
# --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \

GRASS GIS 7 is now configured (example):

Source directory: /home/user/grass-7.0.0
Build directory: /home/user/grass-7.0.0
Installation directory: ${prefix}/grass-7.0.0
Startup script in directory:${exec_prefix}/bin
C compiler: gcc -g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused
C++ compiler: c++ -g -Wall
Building shared libraries: yes
OpenGL platform: X11
MacOSX application: no
MacOSX architectures:
MacOSX SDK:
BLAS support: yes
C++ support: yes
Cairo support: yes
DWG support: no
FFTW support: yes
FreeType support: yes
GDAL support: yes
GEOS support: yes
LAPACK support: no
Large File support (LFS): yes
libLAS support: yes
MySQL support: no
NetCDF support: yes
NLS support: yes
ODBC support: yes
OGR support: yes
OpenCL support: no
OpenGL support: yes
OpenMP support: yes
PNG support: yes
POSIX thread support: yes
PostgreSQL support: yes
Readline support: yes
Regex support: yes
SQLite support: yes
TIFF support: yes
wxWidgets support: yes
X11 support: no

Compile:
make -j2

Install:
sudo make install # installs as /usr/local/bin/grass70

Launch:
grass70

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Jessie ======

Install needed packages:
sudo apt-get install cmake libboost-all-dev flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 \
autotools-dev python-dev g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev \
libfreetype6-dev libgdal1h libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev \
libncurses5-dev libproj-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libtiff5-dev \
libwxgtk3.0-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev mesa-common-dev \
proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk3.0 subversion wx-common zlib1g-dev \
netcdf-bin libnetcdf-dev libatlas-dev libgegl-dev opencl-headers \
ocl-icd-libopencl1 postgresql libgeotiff-dev libblas-dev mysql-server

Download and compile libLAS:
wget http://download.osgeo.org/liblas/libLAS-1.8.0.tar.bz2
tar xjf libLAS-1.8.0.tar.bz2
mkdir libLAS-1.8.0/makefiles
cd libLAS-1.8.0/makefiles
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ../
make
sudo make install

Download and compile GRASS 7:
wget http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/grass-7.0.0.tar.gz
tar xzfv grass-7.0.0.tar.gz
cd grass-7.0.0
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" \
CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local \
--with-gdal --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
--with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
--with-cxx --enable-largefile \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-sqlite --with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-wxwidgets --with-geos --with-blas \
--with-lapack-includes=/usr/lib/lapack --with-liblas \
--with-netcdf=/usr/bin/nc-config --with-odbc=yes \
--with-openmp=yes --with-pthread=yes --with-postgres=yes \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib/postgresql \
--with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
--with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql
make -j2

Install:
sudo make install # installs as /usr/local/bin/grass70

===== Ubuntu =====

In general, the compilation instructions for Debian (see above), apply to the Ubuntu-Linux operating system as well. However, there is a dedicated page on how to [[Compile_and_Install_Ubuntu | Compile the GRASS GIS source code & install it in Ubuntu]].

===== Linux Mint =====

Install packages needed for compilation:
<pre>
sudo apt-get install build-essential flex make bison gcc libgcc1 g++ \
cmake ccache python python-dev python-qt4 python-qt4-dev python-opengl \
python-wxversion python-wxtools python-wxgtk2.8 python-dateutil \
libgsl0-dev python-numpy wx2.8-headers wx-common libwxgtk2.8-dev \
libwxgtk2.8-dbg libwxbase2.8-dev libwxbase2.8-dbg libncurses5-dev \
zlib1g-dev gettext libtiff-dev libpnglite-dev tcl8.5-dev tk8.5-dev \
libcairo2 libcairo2-dev sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libpq-dev libreadline6 \
libreadline6-dev libfreetype6-dev txt2tags libfftw3-3 libfftw3-dev \
libqt4-core libqt4-dbg libqt4-dev libqt4-gui libqt4-sql \
libqt4-qt3support lsb-qt4 qt4-designer qt4-dev-tools qt4-doc \
qt4-qtconfig libapt-pkg-perl resolvconf libjasper-dev ruby subversion \
ffmpeg ffmpeg2theora libffmpegthumbnailer-dev libavcodec-dev libxmu-dev \
libavformat-dev libswscale-dev checkinstall libglu1-mesa-dev libxmu-dev \
libproj-dev proj-bin

CFLAGS="-Wall" ./configure --with-cxx --with-gdal \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/ \
--with-geos --without-postgres \
--with-nls --with-opengl-includes=/usr/include/GL/ \
--with-x --with-fftw --with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 --with-sqlite \
--with-python=/usr/bin/python2.7-config --with-wx=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--with-wxwidgets --with-cairo --enable-largefile

make

sudo make install
</pre>

===== Mandriva =====

Installation of dependencies (urpmi will ask you a few more):

'''Mandriva 2009:''' (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit)
# as root
urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
mesagl1-devel mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
exit

'''Mandriva 2010:''' (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit) - see also [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/grass/current/SPECS/ SPEC] file
# as root
# installation of PROJ and GDAL
urpmi proj proj-devel gdal gdal-devel gcc-gfortran lib64openssl1.0.0 \
lib64openssl1.0.0-devel postgresql8.4-devel lib64pq8.4

# installation of compilation environment
urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
lib64mesagl1-devel lib64mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
exit

Then, to configure GRASS, run (64 bit stuff optional of course):
# as user
./configure \
--enable-64bit --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \
--with-cxx \
--with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \
--with-sqlite \
--with-nls \
--with-python \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/lib/wxPython/bin/wx-config \
--with-fftw \
--with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/libav* /usr/include/libpostproc /usr/include/libswscale" \
--with-motif \
--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64 \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--enable-largefile

# compilation (use -j2 ior -j4 parameter on multi-core CPUs to accelerate):
make

Installation:
su
# this will install into /usr/local/
make install
exit

===== Enterprise Linux =====

Enterprise Linux (EL) and derivatives (that is, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS and Scientific Linux) is a popular and robust platform for servers and computing-heavy workstations, and is therefore a good fit for GIS specific requirements.

See: http://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Enterprise_Linux_GIS

===== Scientific Linux =====

See Centos

===== CentOS =====

You first need to add the EPEL repository for PROJ.4 and GDAL, see [https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/FAQ#How_can_I_install_the_packages_from_the_EPEL_software_repository.3F here]

<strike>
Preparation '''Centos 5''' (old):
yum install epel-release

# Note: CentOS 5 comes with Python 2.4 which lacks python-config, hence two extra tweaks are needed.
yum install flex bison zlib-devel tcl-devel tk-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
libtiff-devel libpng-devel sqlite-devel \
mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel mesa-libGLw-devel \
mesa-libOSMesa-devel libXmu-devel python-devel gtk2-devel\
ncurses-devel postgresql-devel make
</strike>

Preparation '''Centos 6''' | '''Scientific Linux 6''':
yum install epel-release

yum install flex bison make zlib-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
sqlite-devel mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel \
libXmu-devel libX11-devel fftw-devel libtiff-devel \
lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
proj proj-devel proj-epsg proj-nad libxml2 gdal gdal-devel geos geos-devel \
python-dateutil python-imaging python-matplotlib
# only GRASS GIS 6: install also tcl-devel tk-devel

Preparation '''Centos 7''' | '''Scientific Linux 7''':
yum install epel-release

yum install flex bison make zlib-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
sqlite-devel mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel \
libXmu-devel libX11-devel fftw-devel libtiff-devel \
lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
proj proj-devel proj-epsg proj-nad libxml2 gdal gdal-devel geos geos-devel \
python-dateutil python-imaging python-matplotlib
# only GRASS GIS 6: install also tcl-devel tk-devel

'''GRASS GIS 7 compilation and installation'''

[http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ Download source code] (e.g., --> "Download latest 7.0-svn code (SVN))" and configure GRASS 7 (suggestion: save this as script):

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--without-ffmpeg \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres \
--with-nls \
--with-python \
--with-cairo \
--with-geos \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--without-mysql \
--without-odbc \
--without-fftw \
--enable-largefile

Compile:
make
or on a multicore system (number depends of available cores):
make -j4

For a system wide installation, run as root user:
make install
OR simply run it directly from the source code directory (substitute ARCH with i686 or x86_64):

bin.$ARCH/grass70 -gui

In this case, for convenience, add it to the search path:
mkdir $HOME/bin
cd $HOME/bin
# example:
ln -s $HOME/software/grass70_release/bin.i686-pc-linux-gnu/grass70 .

Now use it subsequently with
grass70 -gui

===== Gentoo =====

./configure \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/"

See also http://packages.gentoo.org/package/sci-geosciences/grass

===== Funtoo =====

The [http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Compile_and_Install#Generic_Compilation_and_installation_procedure Generic Compilation & installation procedure] applies also for the [http://www.funtoo.org/ Funtoo] Linux meta-distribution. The following example scripts are provided as a mean to get started.

====== Installing dependencies ======

'''''Following likely needs to be updated!'''''

<source lang="bash">
# # Searching for missing packages, e.g. wxwidgets
# e-file wx-config

# emerge dependecies -- This will take quite some time! Hint: net-libs/webkit-gtk
USE="curl xls fftw gmath motif wxwidgets gml hdf5 jpeg2k mdb netcdf odbc ogdi opencl postgres spatialite sqlite szip" \
emerge -av proj geos gdal \
xerces \
mesa motif libGLw \
tcl tk clang llvm byacc opencl \
unixODBC postgresql-base ogdi spatialite \
libgeotiff hdf5 netcdf \
eselect-postgresql eselect-opencl eselect-wxwidgets \
wxpython pyopengl \
fftw

# before compiling
eselect python set 1 # probably #1 is python 2.7
</source>

====== Example Scripts ======

A simple configuration and compilation

<ul>
<source lang="bash">
# clean previous configuration
make distclean

# update source code
svn up

# renice! source: <http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2013-May/068229.html>
renice +17 -p $$

# configure
./configure \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
2>&1 | tee config_log.txt

# compile
time make -j13
</source>
</ul>

An attempt for a complete configuration and compilation '''checking'''. In addition, this script times each of the executed commands (need for scrolling back!).

<ul>
<source lang="bash">
# clean previous configuration
time make distclean

# update
time svn up

# renice! source: <http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2013-May/068229.html>
renice +17 -p $$

# configure
CFLAGS="-ggdb -march=native -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration" \
./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-includes=/usr/include/ --with-libs=/usr/lib64/ \
--with-proj \
--with-proj-includes=/usr/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=/usr/lib64/ \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/ \
--with-geos \
--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-x \
--with-motif \
--with-cairo \
--with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL \
--without-ffmpeg \
--with-python=yes --with-python=/usr/bin/python2.7-config \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
--with-odbc=yes \
--with-sqlite=yes \
--with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes="/usr/include/mysql" --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \
--with-postgres=yes --with-postgresql=yes --with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql" \
--with-opencl --with-openmp --with-pthread \
--with-lapack \
--with-fftw \
--with-readline \
--with-regex \
--with-nls \
--with-jpeg \
--with-tiff \
--with-png \
--with-netcdf \
--without-opendwg \
--enable-largefile=yes \
2>&1 | tee config_log.txt

# check "make"
time make check
</source>
</ul>

===== Fedora =====

====== GRASS GIS 6 on Fedora ======

'''Preparation''' for the compilation of GRASS GIS 6 source code (F16-F21):

yum install proj-devel gdal-devel sqlite-devel ffmpeg-devel mesa-libGL-devel \
mesa-libGLU-devel libXmu-devel libX11-devel tcl-devel tk-devel geos \
fftw-devel libtiff-devel lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ bison flex ncurses-devel proj-epsg proj-nad xml2 subversion

''Note 1: that currently gdal-devel has (too) many dependencies and may lead to a massive download of extra packages (200 on a fresh Fedora 16 install). Hopefully solved in later Fedora versions.''

''Note 2: the optional ffmpeg-devel comes from the rpmfusion-free repository ([http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration/ configuration]).''

'''Download''' the source code:
* GRASS GIS 6: [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ release package] - [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/source/snapshot/ weekly snapshot] - [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/DownloadSource#GRASS6.4 SVN repository]

'''Configure''': This is an ''example'' how to configure the source code on a Fedora system:

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-sqlite \
--with-nls \
--with-geos \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--enable-largefile \
--without-odbc \
--with-fftw

Extra: If you also want '''FFMPEG''' support - it requires 'yum install fftw-devel'. Then add to the configuration lines above:

--with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/ffmpeg /usr/include/ffmpeg/libav* /usr/include/ffmpeg/libpostproc /usr/include/ffmpeg/libswscale" \

Finally '''compile''' the configured source code:
make
or on multicore (number depends of available cores):
make -j4
and
make install # requires root permissions unless you become owner of /usr/local/

Then use GRASS GIS 6 and enjoy!

====== GRASS GIS 7 on Fedora ======

'''Preparation''' for the compilation of GRASS GIS 7 source code (F20-F22):

# Fedora22: yum -> dnf, the syntax is identical
yum install gcc gcc-c++ bison flex ncurses-devel proj-epsg proj-nad xml2 \
proj-devel gdal-devel gdal-python sqlite-devel mesa-libGL-devel \
fftw-devel mesa-libGLU-devel libXmu-devel libX11-devel geos geos-devel \
libtiff-devel lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
python-dateutil python-imaging python-matplotlib-wx subversion

# optionally also: netcdf-devel postgresql-devel atlas-devel

''Note 1: the optional ffmpeg-devel comes from the rpmfusion-free repository ([http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration/ configuration]).''

'''Download''' the source code:
* GRASS GIS 7: [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ weekly snapshot] - [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/DownloadSource#GRASS7 SVN repository]

'''Configure''': This is an example how to configure the source code on a Fedora system:

./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-sqlite \
--with-nls \
--with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
--with-fftw \
--with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
--with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--enable-largefile \
--without-odbc

Extra: If you also want '''FFMPEG''' support - it requires 'yum install fftw-devel' from the rpmfusion-free repository. Then add to the configuration lines above:

--with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/ffmpeg /usr/include/ffmpeg/libav* /usr/include/ffmpeg/libpostproc /usr/include/ffmpeg/libswscale" \

Finally '''compile''' the configured source code:
make
or on multicore (number depends of available cores):
make -j4
and
make install # requires root permissions unless you become owner of /usr/local/

Then use GRASS GIS 7 and enjoy!

===== openSUSE =====

To build GRASS on openSUSE:

RPM packages to be installed:
<source lang="bash">
sudo zypper install bison flex freetype2-devel fftw3-devel gcc-c++ \
libgdal-devel libgeos-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel \
man proj libproj-devel readline-devel netcdf-devel ncurses-devel \
mysql-devel postgresql-devel sqlite-devel unixODBC-devel \
tcl-devel tk-devel xorg-x11-Mesa-devel libXmu-devel \
python-numpy python-dateutil python-devel python-opengl \
python-wxWidgets python-xml python-dateutil wxWidgets-devel \
zlib-devel
</source>

Source code configuration:
<source lang="bash">
./configure \
--enable-largefile \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-cxx \
--with-lapack=yes \
--with-x \
--with-motif \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
--with-fftw \
--with-readline \
--with-netcdf \
--with-curses \
--with-geos \
--with-nls \
--with-sqlite \
--with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-odbc \
--with-python
</source>

Then compile with "make [-j2]".

===== Arch Linux =====

The easiest/fastest way is to build GRASS GIS using AUR:

https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/?O=0&K=grass (msieczka: I would recommend my set of PKBUILDs - https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/?K=czk&SeB=m. They are most feature-rich, up-to-date and allow to have various versions installed alongside each other without conflicts.)

But if you want to compile it yourself you have to keep in mind that in Arch Linux the default Python version 3.

python --version

Python 3.3.1

Therefore, to build GRASS GIS (version 7 in this example), we can use either use virtualenv or symlink python2 and python2-config in a given directory.
Let's use the latter approach

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python2 $HOME/usr/bin/python
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python2-config $HOME/usr/bin/python-config

We can now start building GRASS 7

export PATH=~/usr/bin:$PATH && \
./configure \
--enable-debug \
--enable-64bit \
--with-libs=/usr/lib64 \
--with-cxx \
--with-readline \
--with-zlib-includes="/usr/include/" \
--with-freetype=yes \
--with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
--enable-largefile=yes \
--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/ \
--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config \
--with-cairo \
--with-odbc \
--with-pthread \
--with-liblas=/usr/local/bin/liblas-config \
--with-fftw-includes="/usr/include/" \
--with-fftw-libs=/usr/lib/ \
--with-tcltk-includes="/usr/include/" \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-postgres=yes \
--with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql/internal" \
--with-postgres-libs="/usr/include/postgresql/internal/libpq" \
--with-sqlite=yes \
--with-python=yes \
--with-liblas \
--with-netcdf

Now let's compile and install it

make
sudo make install

Now the final step required to use GRASS with python2 is to create a bash script "grass" (or the name you want)

#!/bin/bash
export PATH=~/usr/bin:$PATH
python2 /usr/local/bin/grass70

And make it executable and copy it somewhere in the PATH

chmod+x grass
sudo cp grass /usr/local/bin

It's done, you can enjoy GRASS 7 in Arch, just type "grass" (or the name you gave to the script) in the terminal to launch it.

===== RPM SPEC files =====
* ... can be found in the source code, rpm/ directory,
* or [https://build.opensuse.org/package/show?package=grass&project=Application%3AGeo OpenSuSe]
* or [https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/acls/name/grass Fedora]
* or [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/grass/ Mandriva] (there are also [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/proj/ proj4], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/geos/ geos], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/gdal/ gdal], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/gdal-grass/ gdal-grass-plugin], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/qgis/ qgis] etc)
* ...

===== Zaurus =====

... see [http://wiki.debian.org/?GrassGISonZaurus here] for instructions

==== Mac OSX ====

* see the source/macosx readme ([http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/browser/grass/trunk/macosx/ReadMe.rtf Trac link])
* main page [[Compiling on MacOSX]]
* main page [[Packaging on MacOSX]]
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/mac-osx/ official download site]
* [http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks#build_scripts build scripts for dependencies]
* solving errors at starting GRASS GIS: [[MacOSX GRASS errors]]
* main page [[Compiling on MacOSX using homebrew]]

==== FreeBSD / NetBSD ====

The recommended compiler tools are GCC, GNU make, GNU coreutils (for install), and flex. All are available through the respective package managing tools (pkg_add for FreeBSD and pkgin install for NetBSD) and for recent *BSD versions most likely installed by default.

GRASS 6.x and GRASS 7 should compile on FreeBSD 8.0 or later and NetBSD 5.0 or later (maybe also on updated NetBSD 4.x).

It is highly recommended to install GDAL/OGR and PROJ4 first. These libraries and tools are available as [http://www.freebsd.org/ports/ ports for FreeBSD] and [http://www.pkgsrc.org/ packages for NetBSD].

Optional functionality is listed with ''./configure --help'', and related libraries and tools might need to be installed first.

==== Solaris ====

* ''2008 Oct 15'': see [http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2008-October/047093.html this post on the grass mailing list]

===== 11 SPARC/i86pc =====

The recommended compiler tools are GCC, GNU make, GNU coreutils (for install), and flex. All are available through the Solaris package manager.

Most dependencies are available through the Solaris package manager. GDAL and proj4 can either be compiled from source or installed e.g. from [http://www.opencsw.org/ OpenCSW]. If packages are installed from OpenCSW, the linker flags need to be set with

LDFLAGS="-Wl,-R/opt/csw/lib -L/opt/csw/lib -Wl,-R/opt/csw/gxx/lib -L/opt/csw/gxx/lib"

See also the [http://www.opencsw.org/use-it/ OpenCSW documentation].

===== 10 SPARC/i86pc =====

* get gcc compiler and tools. There are several sources: Solaris Companion CD (SFW pkg, installs in /opt/sfw/), Blastwave ([http://www.blastwave.org], CSW pkg, installs in /opt/csw/) or Sunfreeware ([http://www.sunfreeware.com], SMC pkg, installs in /usr/local/).
Needed Packages from Sunfreeware: SMCbinut, SMCbison, SMCcoreu, SMCfindu, SMCflex, SMCgawk, SMCgcc, SMCgrep, SMCgzip, SMCless, SMClibt, SMClicon, SMCmake, SMCncurs, SMCproj, SMCsed, SMCtar, SMCtcl, SMCtiff, SMCtk, SMCunzip, SMCzlib.

* compile and install fftw-library ([http://www.fftw.org]). You need to re-compile the library with:

./configure --with-pic --enable-shared; make ; make install.

The pre-built packages don't work.

* compile and install gdal library (see documentation of gdal, [http://www.gdal.org]).

* compile and install any additional libraries (e. g. GEOS, [http://geos.refractions.net]).

* set compiler flags and path. e. g.:

# on ultra-sparc machine:
CFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
PATH="/usr/local/bin:/opt/sfw/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin"
export CFLAGS CXXFLAGS PATH

Path has to be changed for the packages (Sunfreeware: /usr/local/bin, Solaris Companion: /opt/sfw/bin, Blastwave: /opt/csw/bin).

* Next configure, e. g.:

./configure --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql/ \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib --with-postgres=yes \
--with-includes=/usr/local/include/ncurses

If you use n(ew)curses, you have to include the path /usr/local/include/ncurses.

then:

make
su
make install

If the shared libraries are not found at runtime of the modules, use 'crle' to add the paths of the libraries for the dynamic linker, e. g. as root:

crle -l /lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/opt/sfw/lib:/usr/X11/lib

Be careful not to omit a library path, the system may be unusable if you forget the /lib path.

==== AIX ====

A recent [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81) and GNU coreutils are required. These are available with the [http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/power/software/aix/linux/toolbox/download.html IBM AIX toolbox] or through third-party AIX software repositories, e.g. [http://www.bullfreeware.com/ bullfreeware] and [http://www.perzl.org/aix/ perzl.org]. Note that 'make' does not work, only 'gmake' works.

General instructions to compile on AIX are e.g. [http://www.perzl.org/aix/index.php?n=Main.Instructions here]

On AIX, compilation results by default in 32 bit applications and static libraries. The [http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-gnu.html IBM documentation] explains how to build 64 bit applications and shared libraries with GCC.

'''GRASS 6: Using the IBM xlc compiler:'''
* ''see [http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gis.grass.user/32667 this mailing list thread]''

Mike wrote in 2009:

After attempting all the suggestions, I finally used
--disable-shared on the configure command, and all but
a handful of modules successfully compiled. I was able to
individually address the ones that failed through Makefile
edits and several small source code/header file edits.

The environment variables and configure command that worked were:
<pre>
# xlc compiler:
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/opt/freeware/bin:$PATH
export OBJECT_MODE=64
export LIBICONV=/opt/freeware
export CC="xlc_r -q64"
export CFLAGS="-O -qstrict"
export CXX="xlC_r -q64"
export CXXFLAGS="-O -qstrict"
export AR="ar -X64"
export F77="xlf_r -q64"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/afs/isis/pkg/libpng/include -I/usr/local/include -I$LIBICONV/include -I/usr/lpp/X11/include/X11"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -L$LIBICONV/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lc"

./configure --prefix=/afs/isis/pkg/grass-6.4.0 \
--enable-64bit \
--disable-shared \
--with-includes="/usr/include/fontconfig /usr/include/X11 /usr/include/X11/Xft /usr/include/X11/ext" \
--x-includes=/usr/include/X11 \
--x-libraries=/usr/X11R6/lib \
--with-fftw-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/include \
--with-fftw-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/lib \
--with-gdal=/afs/isis/pkg/gdal/bin/gdal-config \
--with-proj-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/include \
--with-proj-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/lib \
--with-proj-share=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/share/proj \
--with-tcltk-includes=/usr/local/include \
--with-tcltk-libs=/usr/local/lib \
--with-opengl-includes=/usr/include/GL
</pre>

'''GRASS 7: Using the IBM xlc compiler:'''

Get and install (in this order):
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/ GNU tar]
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81)
* [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite]
* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ.4] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ GRASS GIS 7]

The environment variables and configure command that worked:
<pre>
## AIX 5.x

export LIBPATH=/opt/freeware/lib64:/opt/freeware/lib
# make 'ar' happy
export OBJECT_MODE=64

PREFIX=$HOME/private/bin
./configure \
--prefix=$PREFIX \
--disable-shared \
--enable-largefile \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
--with-sqlite \
--with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-tiff=no \
--with-png=no \
--with-fftw=no \
--with-cairo=no \
--with-freetype=no
</pre>

'''GRASS 7: Using the GNU gcc compiler:'''

Get and install (in this order):
* if needed, [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/ GNU tar]
* if needed (the name is often 'gmake' and not 'make') [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81)
* [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite]
* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ.4] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ GRASS GIS 7]

The environment variables and configure command that worked for AIX 5.x:
<pre>
## AIX 5.x

export LIBPATH=/opt/freeware/lib64:/opt/freeware/lib
# make 'ar' happy
export OBJECT_MODE=64

PREFIX=$HOME/private/bin
CFLAGS='-ansi -D_ALL_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -Dinline=' ./configure \
--prefix=$PREFIX \
--disable-shared \
--enable-largefile \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
--with-sqlite \
--with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-tiff=no \
--with-png=no \
--with-fftw=no \
--with-cairo=no \
--with-freetype=no
</pre>

The environment variables and configure command that worked for AIX 7.x:
<pre>
## AIX 7.x
export CC="gcc"
export CXX="g++"
PREFIX=$HOME/bin

LDFLAGS="-Wl,-bsvr4,-R,/opt/freeware/lib -L/opt/freeware/lib" CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/freeware/include" ./configure \
--prefix=$PREFIX \
--enable-largefile \
--enable-shared \
--with-includes=/opt/freeware/include --with-libs=/opt/freeware/lib \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
--with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
--with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
--with-gdal=$PREFIX/bin/gdal-config \
--with-sqlite \
--with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib --with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include \
--with-png=no \
--with-tiff=no \
--with-fftw=no \
--with-cairo=no \
--with-opengl=no \
--with-freetype=no
</pre>

==== MS-Windows ====

===== MS-Windows/Cygwin =====

* See the [[Cygwin]] wiki pages

===== MS-Windows/native =====

====== Compile ======

* [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/CompileOnWindows GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide] (GRASS 6.4.x)
* <strike>[http://www.webalice.it/marco.pasetti/grass/BuildFromSource.html GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide] (GRASS 6.3.x) </strike>
* See/adapt [http://blog.qgis.org/node/124 idea] for unattended install of QGIS (et al) from [http://trac.osgeo.org/osgeo4w/ OSGeo4W] from the QuantumGIS Blog.

See also [[WinGRASS Current Status]] for latest updates.

=== Common problems and solutions ===

During compilation, error can occur if certain packages are not installed. Here a list of problems with solution:

* error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory
** this suggests that you don't have the X headers installed
** Solution: Install the libx11-dev package

* error: g.list: error while loading shared libraries: libgdal1.6.0.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
** this error appears in the shell right after the user clicks GUI's "Start GRASS" button. The GUI shows an error about geographic extent and gets closed afterwards.
** It happens when you launch bin.i686 executable on 64bit system. Be careful and choose the right architecture.

=== Static compilation ===

In order to get static rather than dynamically linked binaries, configure like this:

./configure --disable-shared --enable-static

This will however break the wxGUI and GRASS 7 completely because "ctypes" wants to link against shared libs, or there is something in the static libs that "ctypes" does not like.

=== Optimization ===

GCC and other compilers support [http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.3.3/gcc/Optimize-Options.html#Optimize-Options optimization]

If you would like to set compiler optimisations, for a possibly faster binary, type (don't enter a ";" anywhere):

CFLAGS=-O ./configure
or,
setenv CFLAGS -O
./configure

whichever works on your shell. Use -O2 instead of -O if your compiler supports this (note: O is the letter, not zero). Using the "gcc" compiler, you can also specify processor specific flags (examples, please suggest better settings to us):

CFLAGS="-mcpu=athlon -O2" # AMD Athlon processor with code optimisations
CFLAGS="-march=amdfam10" # AMD Phenom II X4 64bit processor with gcc >=4.3
CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium" # Intel Pentium processor
CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium4" # Intel Pentium4 processor
CFLAGS="-O2 -msse -msse2 -mfpmath=sse -minline-all-stringops" # Intel XEON 64bit processor
CFLAGS="-mtune=nocona -m64 -minline-all-stringops" # Intel Pentium 64bit processor

To find out optional CFLAGS for your platform, enter:
gcc -dumpspecs

See also: http://gcc.gnu.org/

A real fast GRASS version (and small binaries) will be created with LDFLAGS set to "stripping" (but this disables debugging):

CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=<cpu_see_above> -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure

=== Configure options and their meanings ===

For configure there are many options and some GRASS modules are built only if some options are set. Here are listed common configuration options with short explanation.

* --prefix=/path - Sets path where GRASS will be installed. GRASS will reside in /path/grass-version.
* --enable-largefile - Enables large (>2Gb on 32bit systems) support. For current large file support status look at [[Large File Support]] page.
* --with-cxx - Enables compilation of C++ code. Required for r.terraflow module.
* --with-readline - Enables readline support. If readline is enabled, you can use its history/editing facilities when entering r.mapcalc expressions on stdin.
* --with-glw - Enables GLw support. The GLw library provides OpenGL "canvas" widgets for Athena and Motif.

That switch is unnecessary for normal compilation. It's only
required for r3.showdspf, which isn't normally built; if you
want it, you have build it manually
(e.g. "make -C raster3d/r3.showdspf").
As similar functionality is now provided by NVIZ, r3.showdspf
is deprecated.
r3.showdspf uses the Motif widget (so you also need a
Motif library, e.g. Lesstif or OpenMotif).
[http://grass.itc.it/pipermail/grassuser/2006-December/037475.html Glynn Clements at GRASS-user mailing list]

=== Parallelized compilation on multi-core CPUs ===

You can dramatically accelerate the compilation of the GRASS code with the -j flag of "make" if you have a multi-core CPU system. This determines the maximum number of jobs to have running at once, so cores don't have to sit idle waiting for jobs on other cores to complete. A good rule of thumb for this value is <tt>number_of_cores * 1.5</tt>, but note that setting any higher than the actual number of cores will only affect the timing slightly. For example, on a dual-core processor:
make -j 4



== GRASS-GDAL plugin ==

* see [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

== Addons ==

Please note that the installation of [[AddOns/GRASS_6|Addons]] can be easily done with the {{cmd|g.extension}} manager. The compile instructions below are aiming at own development.

=== Compiled modules ===

This is the general way which works for C modules as well as scripts (Python or Shell/Bash modules) which has HTML documentation.

'''Requirements:'''

Either:
* a binary GRASS package, or
* source code which has been prepared with:
./configure [opionally flags]
make libs

Each of the [[GRASS_AddOns|addon]] modules should come with a Makefile. To compile it, just run:
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/

Note that the <tt>/path/to/grass64</tt> has to be absolute, not relative.

If using Bash it may be useful to set that up as an alias:
alias gmake64='make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/'

Installation (perhaps requires "sudo"):
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/ install

Note: Compiled addons may require a re-compilation if you changed/updated your GRASS standard binaries.

==== If binary comes with a -dev package ====

''(work in progress, this text states how it eventually will be :)''
Nowadays one does not need to the source code, nor compiling GRASS by oneself to be able to add add-ons. On Debian, you can just install the grass-dev package and then run:
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/usr/lib/grass64/ INST_DIR=/usr/lib/grass64/

The grass-dev package essentially provides GRASS's <tt>include</tt> header files and Make configuration files.

=== Scripts ===

If the addon module is a script, it is sufficient to copy it into the (GRASS binaries) path somewhere. Alternatively, install addons into a separate GRASS addons binaries/scripts directory which is easier to maintain. It avoids getting clobbered every time you reinstall GRASS. To use these separately stored scripts, set and export the GRASS_ADDON_PATH environment variable before starting GRASS and it will automatically be added to the module search path (see the {{cmd|variables}} help page). To simplify this, do for example:

# add in $HOME/.bashrc:
GRASS_ADDON_PATH=/usr/local/grass/addons/
export GRASS_ADDON_PATH

Make sure that the script is executable, then just call it in GRASS typing the filename. Python scripts need to be called writing the extension as well, like:

GRASS 6.5.svn (spearfish60):~ > v.krige.py

[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
[[Category:Installation]]

Vector Overlapping Areas

2008-07-08T13:00:01Z

⚠️Rkrug:

'''Q:''' How can I determine the number of overlapping features per location after import of SHAPE file?

'''A:''' You can run this (example) - note that it won't work with the DBF driver but requires SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL, or... driver:

# solution one

v.in.ogr dsn=./shp/ layer=fireHistory output=fireHistory

v.category input=fireHistory output=tmpFire type=centroid
v.db.addtable map=tmpFire table=tmpFire_2 layer=2 columns='cat int'

# Export it to a raster layer:
v.to.rast input=tmpFire layer=2 output=mf use=attr column=num

# another solution (tested under SQLite)

v.in.ogr dsn=./shp/ layer=fireHistory output=fireHistory

v.overlay ainput=fireHistory atype=area alayer=1 binput=fireHistory btype=area blayer=2 output=mf operator=or olayer=1,1,1 --overwrite
v.db.renamecol map=mf layer=1 column=b_cat,countFires
v.db.update map=mf layer=1 column=countFires value=1 where='countFires isnull'

# Export it to a raster layer:
v.to.rast input=fireHistory layer=1 output=mf use=attr column=countFires

[[Category: FAQ]]

Vector Overlapping Areas

2008-07-08T08:50:58Z

⚠️Rkrug:

'''Q:''' How can I determine the number of overlapping features per location after import of SHAPE file?

'''A:''' You can run this (example) - note that it won't work with the DBF driver but requires SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL, or... driver:

v.in.ogr dsn=./shp/ layer=fireHistory output=fireHistory
v.category input=fireHistory output=tmpFire type=centroid
v.db.addtable map=tmpFire table=tmpFire_2 layer=2 columns='cat int'

# Export it to a raster layer:
v.to.rast input=tmpFire layer=2 output=mf use=attr column=num

# another solution (tested under SQLite)
v.overlay ainput=tmpFire atype=area alayer=1 binput=tmpFire btype=area blayer=2 output=mf operator=or olayer=1,1,1 --overwrite
v.db.renamecol map=mf layer=1 column=b_cat,countFires
v.db.update map=mf layer=1 column=countFires value=1 where='countFires isnull'

[[Category: FAQ]]

Vector Overlapping Areas

2008-07-07T16:07:58Z

⚠️Rkrug:

'''Q:''' How can I determine the number of overlapping features per location after import of SHAPE file?

'''A:''' You can run this (example) - note that it won't work with the DBF driver but requires SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL, or... driver:

v.in.ogr dsn=./shp/ layer=fireHistory output=fireHistory
v.category input=fireHistory output=tmpFire type=centroid
v.db.addtable map=tmpFire table=tmpFire_2 layer=2 columns='cat int'

# Export it to a raster layer:
v.to.rast input=tmpFire layer=2 output=mf use=attr column=num

# another solution (tested under SQLite)
v.overlay ainput=tmpFire atype=area alayer=1 binput=tmpFire btype=area blayer=2 output=mf operator=or olayer=1,1,1 --overwrite
v.db.update map=mf layer=1 column=b_cat value=1 where='b_cat isnull'

[[Category: FAQ]]

Vector Overlapping Areas

2008-07-07T14:48:12Z

⚠️Rkrug: