GRASS-Wiki - User contributions [en]

GRASS 6 Tutorial

2007-04-05T13:07:14Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R */

The Free Software/Open Source GIS GRASS 6 is fully operational and stable version for production use. This tutorial tries to
give you a hand to familiarize yourself with the improved functionality, especially in the vector engine and attribute management.
For further reading, see the references below.

'''Disclaimer:''' In case the examples described here do not work properly, you are kindly invited to send us further examples and/or code bugfixes/enhancements. Enjoy the WIKI!

This tutorial is intended for GRASS users who want to migrate from a previous release to the new GRASS Version. If you are a beginner, please also consider additional [http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php books or tutorials].

NOTE: This tutorial here still awaits the merge of the [http://grass.itc.it/grass57/tutorial/ previous GRASS 5.7 tutorial].

==Introduction==

New GRASS development has made major improvements to the vector
architecture. The most significant change includes a new 2- and
3-dimensional vector library that manages vector attributes in
standard database management systems (DBMS). This system provides the
power of true relational databases for vector attribute management
while preserving the flexibility of traditional GRASS topological
tools. GRASS now also incorporates true 3-dimensional voxels in the
[[http://grass.itc.it/gdp/nviz/index.html][NVIS]] visualization environment as well as [[http://grass.itc.it/grass60/index.php][numerous enhancements]] to
virtually every tool in the GRASS library.

==Getting started in general==

* [[Introductory Material]] for Linux and GRASS

==Getting started - how to migrate to the new GRASS version==

* [[Grass Six Tutorial Getting Started]]

==Raster data management==

* The raster management works as it did in previous GRASS versions.

==Vector data management==

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Default Settings]]===
- Default settings for vector geometry;
for vector attributes; for db.* modules

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Geometry Management]]===
- General notes on Geometry
management; Managing the default settings;
GRASS vector architecture; Geometry stored in native format;
Geometry stored in SHAPE file;
Import/export of vector data Geometry;
Generating vector geometry from various sources

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Attribute Management]]===
- General notes on Attribute
management; Managing the default settings; Examples;
Database Schema

==Usage examples==

===Basic usage examples===

===Complex usage examples===

===Vector network analysis examples===

===Vector overlay/clipping examples===

===Examples from US National Atlas===

===FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)===

* Grass Six Tutorial Faq

==Troubleshooting==

* Grass Six Tutorial Troubleshooting

==Links of interest==

* GRASS-GMT Examples: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/

==Further reading==

===GRASS and R kriging interpolation===

====Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R====

ORDINARY KRIGING IN R WITH GRASS6 DATA

('''WARNING!!''' Most of the code quoted here is very out of date, and simply does not work for current R/sp/gstat/spgrass6. Untried suggestions have been edited in, but without a test location, there is no guarantee that they will work! Roger Bivand, 5 April 2007)

Of all the methods we tried this is the most easy and (I suppose) exact too:

You have to have in your library the packages "gstat" and "spgrass6", you can download this last one directly from R using the command "install.packages".
In GRASS we have a vector file named "giaciture_cat_clean3" and we want to do a prediction on this data...
these are the commmands:

enter R from the GRASS prompt, and type:

<pre>
library(spgrass6)

#get vector points as SpatialPointsDataFrame
#giaciture <- getSites6sp("giaciture_cat_clean3") RSB 070405

giaciture <- readVECT6("giaciture_cat_clean3") # RSB 070405

class(giaciture) #shows the class of "giaciture" (SpatialPointsDataFrame)

# G <- gmeta6() #get region from GRASS to R RSB 070405
</pre>

now if you want you can continue to work in R from GRASS or not...

<pre>
#create a grid from the region settings of GRASS, it is very important
# to have square cells, so you can set the region settings of GRASS or
# you can give directly square dimensions using the values:
# e.g."cells.dim=c(50,50)"
#grd <- GridTopology(cellcentre.offset=c(G$west+(G$ewres/2)
# ,G$south+(G$nsres/2))
# ,cellsize=c(G$ewres, G$nsres)
# ,cells.dim=c(G$cols, G$rows)) RSB 070405

grd <- gmeta2grd() # RSB 070405

#create a SpatialGridDataFrame
mask_SG <- SpatialGridDataFrame(grd,
# ,data=list(k=rep(1, G$cols*G$rows)) RSB 070405
data=data.frame(k=rep(1, prod(slot(grd, "cells.dim")))), # RSB 070405
proj4string=CRS(proj4string(giaciture))) # RSB 070405
# proj4string(giaciture) and proj4string(mask_SG) must agree
class(mask_SG)

library(gstat)

cvgm <- variogram(IMMERSIONE~1, data=giaciture, width=400, cutoff=4000) # RSB 070405
#create variogram, and "IMMERSIONE"
#here is the our variable, the variable on wich we have to do the prediction,
# ~ 1 select the type of kriging, this is the ordinary one

efitted <- fit.variogram(cvgm, vgm(psill=5000, model="Exp", range=1500, nugget=8000))
# choose the model to fit variogram (here is exponential) and give the
# estimated parameters of the variogram (partial sill, range and nugget)

OK_pred <- krige(IMMERSIONE~1, data=giaciture, newdata=mask_SG, model=efitted) # RSB 070405
# make the kriging prediction

names(OK_pred) #show the name of variable kriged

writeRAST6(OK_pred, "OK_pred", zcol="var1.pred") # RSB 070405
#write a raster file and save it in GRASS, now you can open it from there.
</pre>

that's all!

special thanks to Roger Bivand, ever ready to lend a hand!

* GRASS <a href="http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php">books and tutorials</a>
* GRASS 6 Tutorial: http://www.gdf-hannover.de/literature
* Translation Portal for GRASS 6 Tutorial http://www.gdf-hannover.de/translation

[[Category:Documentation]]

GRASS 6 Tutorial

2007-04-05T13:05:52Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R */

The Free Software/Open Source GIS GRASS 6 is fully operational and stable version for production use. This tutorial tries to
give you a hand to familiarize yourself with the improved functionality, especially in the vector engine and attribute management.
For further reading, see the references below.

'''Disclaimer:''' In case the examples described here do not work properly, you are kindly invited to send us further examples and/or code bugfixes/enhancements. Enjoy the WIKI!

This tutorial is intended for GRASS users who want to migrate from a previous release to the new GRASS Version. If you are a beginner, please also consider additional [http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php books or tutorials].

NOTE: This tutorial here still awaits the merge of the [http://grass.itc.it/grass57/tutorial/ previous GRASS 5.7 tutorial].

==Introduction==

New GRASS development has made major improvements to the vector
architecture. The most significant change includes a new 2- and
3-dimensional vector library that manages vector attributes in
standard database management systems (DBMS). This system provides the
power of true relational databases for vector attribute management
while preserving the flexibility of traditional GRASS topological
tools. GRASS now also incorporates true 3-dimensional voxels in the
[[http://grass.itc.it/gdp/nviz/index.html][NVIS]] visualization environment as well as [[http://grass.itc.it/grass60/index.php][numerous enhancements]] to
virtually every tool in the GRASS library.

==Getting started in general==

* [[Introductory Material]] for Linux and GRASS

==Getting started - how to migrate to the new GRASS version==

* [[Grass Six Tutorial Getting Started]]

==Raster data management==

* The raster management works as it did in previous GRASS versions.

==Vector data management==

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Default Settings]]===
- Default settings for vector geometry;
for vector attributes; for db.* modules

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Geometry Management]]===
- General notes on Geometry
management; Managing the default settings;
GRASS vector architecture; Geometry stored in native format;
Geometry stored in SHAPE file;
Import/export of vector data Geometry;
Generating vector geometry from various sources

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Attribute Management]]===
- General notes on Attribute
management; Managing the default settings; Examples;
Database Schema

==Usage examples==

===Basic usage examples===

===Complex usage examples===

===Vector network analysis examples===

===Vector overlay/clipping examples===

===Examples from US National Atlas===

===FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)===

* Grass Six Tutorial Faq

==Troubleshooting==

* Grass Six Tutorial Troubleshooting

==Links of interest==

* GRASS-GMT Examples: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/

==Further reading==

===GRASS and R kriging interpolation===

====Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R====

ORDINARY KRIGING IN R WITH GRASS6 DATA

('''WARNING!!''' Most of the code quoted here is very out of date, and simply does not work for current R/sp/gstat/spgrass6. Untried suggestions have been edited in, but without a test location, there is no guarantee that they will work! Roger Bivand, 5 April 2007)

Of all the methods we tried this is the most easy and (I suppose) exact too:

You have to have in your library the packages "gstat" and "spgrass6", you can download this last one directly from R using the command "install.packages".
In GRASS we have a vector file named "giaciture_cat_clean3" and we want to do a prediction on this data...
these are the commmands:

enter R from the GRASS prompt, and type:

<pre>
library(spgrass6)

#get vector points as SpatialPointsDataFrame
#giaciture <- getSites6sp("giaciture_cat_clean3") RSB 070405

giaciture <- readVECT6("giaciture_cat_clean3") # RSB 070405

class(giaciture) #shows the class of "giaciture" (SpatialPointsDataFrame)

# G <- gmeta6() #get region from GRASS to R RSB 070405
</pre>

now if you want you can continue to work in R from GRASS or not...

<pre>
#create a grid from the region settings of GRASS, it is very important
# to have square cells, so you can set the region settings of GRASS or
# you can give directly square dimensions using the values:
# e.g."cells.dim=c(50,50)"
#grd <- GridTopology(cellcentre.offset=c(G$west+(G$ewres/2)
# ,G$south+(G$nsres/2))
# ,cellsize=c(G$ewres, G$nsres)
# ,cells.dim=c(G$cols, G$rows)) RSB 070405

grd <- gmeta2grd() # RSB 070405

#create a SpatialGridDataFrame
mask_SG <- SpatialGridDataFrame(grd,
# ,data=list(k=rep(1, G$cols*G$rows)) RSB 070405
data=data.frame(k=rep(1, prod(slot(grd, "cells.dim")))),
proj4string=CRS(proj4string(giaciture))) # RSB 070405
# proj4string(giaciture) and proj4string(mask_SG) must agree
class(mask_SG)

library(gstat)

cvgm <- variogram(IMMERSIONE~1, data=giaciture, width=400, cutoff=4000) # RSB 070405
#create variogram, and "IMMERSIONE"
#here is the our variable, the variable on wich we have to do the prediction,
# ~ 1 select the type of kriging, this is the ordinary one

efitted <- fit.variogram(cvgm, vgm(psill=5000, model="Exp", range=1500, nugget=8000))
# choose the model to fit variogram (here is exponential) and give the
# estimated parameters of the variogram (partial sill, range and nugget)

OK_pred <- krige(IMMERSIONE~1, data=giaciture, newdata=mask_SG, model=efitted) # RSB 070405
# make the kriging prediction

names(OK_pred) #show the name of variable kriged

writeRAST6(OK_pred, "OK_pred", zcol="var1.pred") # RSB 070405
#write a raster file and save it in GRASS, now you can open it from there.
</pre>

that's all!

special thanks to Roger Bivand, ever ready to lend a hand!

* GRASS <a href="http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php">books and tutorials</a>
* GRASS 6 Tutorial: http://www.gdf-hannover.de/literature
* Translation Portal for GRASS 6 Tutorial http://www.gdf-hannover.de/translation

[[Category:Documentation]]

GRASS 6 Tutorial

2007-04-05T12:54:10Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R */

The Free Software/Open Source GIS GRASS 6 is fully operational and stable version for production use. This tutorial tries to
give you a hand to familiarize yourself with the improved functionality, especially in the vector engine and attribute management.
For further reading, see the references below.

'''Disclaimer:''' In case the examples described here do not work properly, you are kindly invited to send us further examples and/or code bugfixes/enhancements. Enjoy the WIKI!

This tutorial is intended for GRASS users who want to migrate from a previous release to the new GRASS Version. If you are a beginner, please also consider additional [http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php books or tutorials].

NOTE: This tutorial here still awaits the merge of the [http://grass.itc.it/grass57/tutorial/ previous GRASS 5.7 tutorial].

==Introduction==

New GRASS development has made major improvements to the vector
architecture. The most significant change includes a new 2- and
3-dimensional vector library that manages vector attributes in
standard database management systems (DBMS). This system provides the
power of true relational databases for vector attribute management
while preserving the flexibility of traditional GRASS topological
tools. GRASS now also incorporates true 3-dimensional voxels in the
[[http://grass.itc.it/gdp/nviz/index.html][NVIS]] visualization environment as well as [[http://grass.itc.it/grass60/index.php][numerous enhancements]] to
virtually every tool in the GRASS library.

==Getting started in general==

* [[Introductory Material]] for Linux and GRASS

==Getting started - how to migrate to the new GRASS version==

* [[Grass Six Tutorial Getting Started]]

==Raster data management==

* The raster management works as it did in previous GRASS versions.

==Vector data management==

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Default Settings]]===
- Default settings for vector geometry;
for vector attributes; for db.* modules

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Geometry Management]]===
- General notes on Geometry
management; Managing the default settings;
GRASS vector architecture; Geometry stored in native format;
Geometry stored in SHAPE file;
Import/export of vector data Geometry;
Generating vector geometry from various sources

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Attribute Management]]===
- General notes on Attribute
management; Managing the default settings; Examples;
Database Schema

==Usage examples==

===Basic usage examples===

===Complex usage examples===

===Vector network analysis examples===

===Vector overlay/clipping examples===

===Examples from US National Atlas===

===FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)===

* Grass Six Tutorial Faq

==Troubleshooting==

* Grass Six Tutorial Troubleshooting

==Links of interest==

* GRASS-GMT Examples: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/

==Further reading==

===GRASS and R kriging interpolation===

====Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R====

ORDINARY KRIGING IN R WITH GRASS6 DATA

('''WARNING!!''' Most of the code quoted here is very out of date, and simply does not work for current R/sp/gstat/spgrass6. Untried suggestions have been edited in, but without a test location, there is no guarantee that they will work! Roger Bivand, 5 April 2007)

Of all the methods we tried this is the most easy and (I suppose) exact too:

You have to have in your library the packages "gstat" and "spgrass6", you can download this last one directly from R using the command "install.packages".
In GRASS we have a vector file named "giaciture_cat_clean3" and we want to do a prediction on this data...
these are the commmands:

enter R from the GRASS prompt, and type:

<pre>
library(spgrass6)

#get vector points as SpatialPointsDataFrame
#giaciture <- getSites6sp("giaciture_cat_clean3") RSB 070405

giaciture <- readVECT6("giaciture_cat_clean3") # RSB 070405

class(giaciture) #shows the class of "giaciture" (SpatialPointsDataFrame)

G <- gmeta6() #get region from GRASS to R
</pre>

now if you want you can continue to work in R from GRASS or not...

<pre>
#create a grid from the region settings of GRASS, it is very important
# to have square cells, so you can set the region settings of GRASS or
# you can give directly square dimensions using the values:
# e.g."cells.dim=c(50,50)"
#grd <- GridTopology(cellcentre.offset=c(G$west+(G$ewres/2)
# ,G$south+(G$nsres/2))
# ,cellsize=c(G$ewres, G$nsres)
# ,cells.dim=c(G$cols, G$rows)) RSB 070405

grd <- gmeta2grd() # RSB 070405

#create a SpatialGridDataFrame
mask_SG <- SpatialGridDataFrame(grd,
# ,data=list(k=rep(1,G$cols*G$rows)) RSB 070405
data=data.frame(k=rep(1,G$cols*G$rows)),
proj4string=CRS(G$proj4))

class(mask_SG)

library(gstat)

cvgm <- variogram(IMMERSIONE~1, data=giaciture, width=400, cutoff=4000) # RSB 070405
#create variogram, and "IMMERSIONE"
#here is the our variable, the variable on wich we have to do the prediction,
# ~ 1 select the type of kriging, this is the ordinary one

efitted <- fit.variogram(cvgm, vgm(psill=5000, model="Exp", range=1500, nugget=8000))
# choose the model to fit variogram (here is exponential) and give the
# estimated parameters of the variogram (partial sill, range and nugget)

OK_pred <- krige(IMMERSIONE~1, data=giaciture, newdata=mask_SG, model=efitted) # RSB 070405
# make the kriging prediction

names(OK_pred) #show the name of variable kriged

writeRAST6(OK_pred, "OK_pred", zcol="var1.pred") # RSB 070405
#write a raster file and save it in GRASS, now you can open it from there.
</pre>

that's all!

special thanks to Roger Bivand, ever ready to lend a hand!

* GRASS <a href="http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php">books and tutorials</a>
* GRASS 6 Tutorial: http://www.gdf-hannover.de/literature
* Translation Portal for GRASS 6 Tutorial http://www.gdf-hannover.de/translation

[[Category:Documentation]]

GRASS 6 Tutorial

2007-04-05T12:44:30Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R */

The Free Software/Open Source GIS GRASS 6 is fully operational and stable version for production use. This tutorial tries to
give you a hand to familiarize yourself with the improved functionality, especially in the vector engine and attribute management.
For further reading, see the references below.

'''Disclaimer:''' In case the examples described here do not work properly, you are kindly invited to send us further examples and/or code bugfixes/enhancements. Enjoy the WIKI!

This tutorial is intended for GRASS users who want to migrate from a previous release to the new GRASS Version. If you are a beginner, please also consider additional [http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php books or tutorials].

NOTE: This tutorial here still awaits the merge of the [http://grass.itc.it/grass57/tutorial/ previous GRASS 5.7 tutorial].

==Introduction==

New GRASS development has made major improvements to the vector
architecture. The most significant change includes a new 2- and
3-dimensional vector library that manages vector attributes in
standard database management systems (DBMS). This system provides the
power of true relational databases for vector attribute management
while preserving the flexibility of traditional GRASS topological
tools. GRASS now also incorporates true 3-dimensional voxels in the
[[http://grass.itc.it/gdp/nviz/index.html][NVIS]] visualization environment as well as [[http://grass.itc.it/grass60/index.php][numerous enhancements]] to
virtually every tool in the GRASS library.

==Getting started in general==

* [[Introductory Material]] for Linux and GRASS

==Getting started - how to migrate to the new GRASS version==

* [[Grass Six Tutorial Getting Started]]

==Raster data management==

* The raster management works as it did in previous GRASS versions.

==Vector data management==

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Default Settings]]===
- Default settings for vector geometry;
for vector attributes; for db.* modules

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Geometry Management]]===
- General notes on Geometry
management; Managing the default settings;
GRASS vector architecture; Geometry stored in native format;
Geometry stored in SHAPE file;
Import/export of vector data Geometry;
Generating vector geometry from various sources

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Attribute Management]]===
- General notes on Attribute
management; Managing the default settings; Examples;
Database Schema

==Usage examples==

===Basic usage examples===

===Complex usage examples===

===Vector network analysis examples===

===Vector overlay/clipping examples===

===Examples from US National Atlas===

===FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)===

* Grass Six Tutorial Faq

==Troubleshooting==

* Grass Six Tutorial Troubleshooting

==Links of interest==

* GRASS-GMT Examples: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/

==Further reading==

===GRASS and R kriging interpolation===

====Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R====

ORDINARY KRIGING IN R WITH GRASS6 DATA

('''WARNING!!''' Most of the code quoted here is very out of date, and simply does not work for current R/sp/gstat/spgrass6. Roger Bivand, 5 April 2007)

Of all the methods we tried this is the most easy and (I suppose) exact too:

You have to have in your library the packages "gstat" and "spgrass6", you can download this last one directly from R using the command "install.packages".
In GRASS we have a vector file named "giaciture_cat_clean3" and we want to do a prediction on this data...
these are the commmands:

enter R from the GRASS prompt, and type:

<pre>
library(spgrass6)

#get vector points as SpatialPointsDataFrame
giaciture <- getSites6sp("giaciture_cat_clean3")

class(giaciture) #shows the class of "giaciture" (SpatialPointsDataFrame)

G <- gmeta6() #get region from GRASS to R
</pre>

now if you want you can continue to work in R from GRASS or not...

<pre>
#create a grid from the region settings of GRASS, it is very important
# to have square cells, so you can set the region settings of GRASS or
# you can give directly square dimensions using the values:
# e.g."cells.dim=c(50,50)"
grd <- GridTopology(cellcentre.offset=c(G$west+(G$ewres/2)
,G$south+(G$nsres/2))
,cellsize=c(G$ewres, G$nsres)
,cells.dim=c(G$cols, G$rows))

#create a SpatialGridDataFrame
mask_SG <- SpatialGridDataFrame(grd
,data=list(k=rep(1,G$cols*G$rows))
,proj4string=CRS(G$proj4))

class(mask_SG)

library(gstat)

cvgm <- variogram(IMMERSIONE~1,locations=giaciture,width=400,cutoff=4000)
#create variogram, and "IMMERSIONE"
#here is the our variable, the variable on wich we have to do the prediction,
# ~ 1 select the type of kriging, this is the ordinary one

efitted <- fit.variogram(cvgm,vgm(psill=5000,model="Exp",range=1500,nugget=8000))
# choose the model to fit variogram (here is exponential) and give the
# estimated parameters of the variogram (partial sill, range and nugget)

OK_pred <- krige(IMMERSIONE~1,locations=giaciture,newdata=mask_SG,model=efitted)
# make the kriging prediction

names(OK_pred) #show the name of variable kriged

writeRast6sp(OK_pred,"OK_pred",zcol="var1.pred",NODATA=-9999)
#write a raster file and save it in GRASS, now you can open it from there.
</pre>

that's all!

special thanks to Roger Bivand, ever ready to lend a hand!

* GRASS <a href="http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php">books and tutorials</a>
* GRASS 6 Tutorial: http://www.gdf-hannover.de/literature
* Translation Portal for GRASS 6 Tutorial http://www.gdf-hannover.de/translation

[[Category:Documentation]]

GRASS 6 Tutorial

2007-04-05T12:43:32Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R */

The Free Software/Open Source GIS GRASS 6 is fully operational and stable version for production use. This tutorial tries to
give you a hand to familiarize yourself with the improved functionality, especially in the vector engine and attribute management.
For further reading, see the references below.

'''Disclaimer:''' In case the examples described here do not work properly, you are kindly invited to send us further examples and/or code bugfixes/enhancements. Enjoy the WIKI!

This tutorial is intended for GRASS users who want to migrate from a previous release to the new GRASS Version. If you are a beginner, please also consider additional [http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php books or tutorials].

NOTE: This tutorial here still awaits the merge of the [http://grass.itc.it/grass57/tutorial/ previous GRASS 5.7 tutorial].

==Introduction==

New GRASS development has made major improvements to the vector
architecture. The most significant change includes a new 2- and
3-dimensional vector library that manages vector attributes in
standard database management systems (DBMS). This system provides the
power of true relational databases for vector attribute management
while preserving the flexibility of traditional GRASS topological
tools. GRASS now also incorporates true 3-dimensional voxels in the
[[http://grass.itc.it/gdp/nviz/index.html][NVIS]] visualization environment as well as [[http://grass.itc.it/grass60/index.php][numerous enhancements]] to
virtually every tool in the GRASS library.

==Getting started in general==

* [[Introductory Material]] for Linux and GRASS

==Getting started - how to migrate to the new GRASS version==

* [[Grass Six Tutorial Getting Started]]

==Raster data management==

* The raster management works as it did in previous GRASS versions.

==Vector data management==

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Default Settings]]===
- Default settings for vector geometry;
for vector attributes; for db.* modules

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Geometry Management]]===
- General notes on Geometry
management; Managing the default settings;
GRASS vector architecture; Geometry stored in native format;
Geometry stored in SHAPE file;
Import/export of vector data Geometry;
Generating vector geometry from various sources

===[[Grass Six Tutorial Attribute Management]]===
- General notes on Attribute
management; Managing the default settings; Examples;
Database Schema

==Usage examples==

===Basic usage examples===

===Complex usage examples===

===Vector network analysis examples===

===Vector overlay/clipping examples===

===Examples from US National Atlas===

===FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)===

* Grass Six Tutorial Faq

==Troubleshooting==

* Grass Six Tutorial Troubleshooting

==Links of interest==

* GRASS-GMT Examples: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/

==Further reading==

===GRASS and R kriging interpolation===

====Mini How to interpolate using kriging with GRASS and R====

ORDINARY KRIGING IN R WITH GRASS6 DATA

(WARNING!! Most of the code quoted here is very out of date, and simply does not work for current R/sp/gstat/spgrass6. Roger Bivand, 5 April 2007)

Of all the methods we tried this is the most easy and (I suppose) exact too:

You have to have in your library the packages "gstat" and "spgrass6", you can download this last one directly from R using the command "install.packages".
In GRASS we have a vector file named "giaciture_cat_clean3" and we want to do a prediction on this data...
these are the commmands:

enter R from the GRASS prompt, and type:

<pre>
library(spgrass6)

#get vector points as SpatialPointsDataFrame
giaciture <- getSites6sp("giaciture_cat_clean3")

class(giaciture) #shows the class of "giaciture" (SpatialPointsDataFrame)

G <- gmeta6() #get region from GRASS to R
</pre>

now if you want you can continue to work in R from GRASS or not...

<pre>
#create a grid from the region settings of GRASS, it is very important
# to have square cells, so you can set the region settings of GRASS or
# you can give directly square dimensions using the values:
# e.g."cells.dim=c(50,50)"
grd <- GridTopology(cellcentre.offset=c(G$west+(G$ewres/2)
,G$south+(G$nsres/2))
,cellsize=c(G$ewres, G$nsres)
,cells.dim=c(G$cols, G$rows))

#create a SpatialGridDataFrame
mask_SG <- SpatialGridDataFrame(grd
,data=list(k=rep(1,G$cols*G$rows))
,proj4string=CRS(G$proj4))

class(mask_SG)

library(gstat)

cvgm <- variogram(IMMERSIONE~1,locations=giaciture,width=400,cutoff=4000)
#create variogram, and "IMMERSIONE"
#here is the our variable, the variable on wich we have to do the prediction,
# ~ 1 select the type of kriging, this is the ordinary one

efitted <- fit.variogram(cvgm,vgm(psill=5000,model="Exp",range=1500,nugget=8000))
# choose the model to fit variogram (here is exponential) and give the
# estimated parameters of the variogram (partial sill, range and nugget)

OK_pred <- krige(IMMERSIONE~1,locations=giaciture,newdata=mask_SG,model=efitted)
# make the kriging prediction

names(OK_pred) #show the name of variable kriged

writeRast6sp(OK_pred,"OK_pred",zcol="var1.pred",NODATA=-9999)
#write a raster file and save it in GRASS, now you can open it from there.
</pre>

that's all!

special thanks to Roger Bivand, ever ready to lend a hand!

* GRASS <a href="http://grass.itc.it/gdp/tutorials.php">books and tutorials</a>
* GRASS 6 Tutorial: http://www.gdf-hannover.de/literature
* Translation Portal for GRASS 6 Tutorial http://www.gdf-hannover.de/translation

[[Category:Documentation]]

Tips and Tricks

2006-11-21T08:49:34Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS */

==Tips and Tricks==

===Using QGIS as a frontend to GRASS===

QGIS can run as a frontend to GRASS. There is support for displaying maps, editing maps, and execution of simple GIS functions. The GDAL/OGR library is a requirement for that (but for GRASS anyway):

* QGIS homepage: http://qgis.org
* GDAL homepage: http://www.gdal.org

To use the two together, the GDAL-GRASS plugin must be installed:

* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

Test that the GDAL-GRASS plugin is available with this command: 
<pre>
gdalinfo --formats
</pre>
Look for a line like "GRASS (ro): GRASS Database Rasters (5.7+)"

Enable the QGIS GRASS plugin from QGIS: 
<pre>
GUI: Plugins / Plugin Manager / Check the GRASS checkbox
</pre>

The GRASS toolbar should now be visible.
While not a firm requirement, it is easier to start QGIS from within a GRASS session.

* [http://wiki.qgis.org/qgiswiki/GrassCookbook QGIS GRASS Cookbook] - Recipes for common tasks

===Exporting GRASS maps to GMT===

GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) is a Free software package for creating publication quality cartography.

GMT homepage: http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu

Exporting GRASS maps to GMT: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/#GMT_and_GRASS-overview
 (Supplied by the GRASS Users Group of Davis, California)

===Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS===

* All the necessary functions for the GRASS 6 interface are now in packages on CRAN, so that on Linux/Unix (or Mac OSX) installing rgdal from source with PROJ4 and GDAL installed, or Windows installing from binary, the required packages are: sp; maptools (now includes spmaptools); rgdal (now includes spGDAL, spproj); spgrass6 - now all on CRAN.

* http://grass.ibiblio.org/statsgrass/index.php#grassR

* R-Statistics homepage http://www.r-project.org

* R Spatial Projects http://sal.uiuc.edu/csiss/Rgeo//

* http://r-spatial.sourceforge.net/xtra/xtra.RHnw.html#spgrass6

* Neural Networks with GRASS and R (posted by Markus Neteler on the grass-user mailing list) http://www.uam.es/proyectosinv/Mclim/pdf/MBenito_EcoMod.pdf

* Using R and GRASS with cygwin: It is possible to use Rterm inside the GRASS shell in cygwin, just as in Unix/Linux or OSX. You should not, however, start Rterm from a cygwin xterm, because Rterm is not expecting to be run in an xterm under Windows, and loses its input. If you use the regular cygwin bash shell, but need to start display windows, start X from within GRASS with startx &, and then start Rterm in the same cygwin shell, not in the xterm.

===Using GRASS with an on-line Web-GIS===

see:

* [[GRASS and MapServer]]
* [[GRASS and PHP]]
* [[GRASS and Python]]

(please expand)

===Starting and running GRASS from a script===

See [[GRASS and Shell]].

===Running GRASS remotely on OS X===

Tiger (OS 10.4) changed the default configuration of SSH from previous versions of OS X. You can no longer start an ssh session with the -X flag and display the Tcl/Tk components of the GRASS GUI remotely. If you are running grass on OS X (10.4) between hosts on a network (i.e. running it on one machine but displaying it on another), you will need to use the "trusted forwarding" mode of SSH in order for the Tcl/Tk generated graphics, such as d.m or gis.m in order for the GUI graphics to make it through your connection. This can be done using the -Y flag when you start the ssh session:

ssh -Y remotehost

or add this to ~/.ssh/config:

Host hostname
ForwardX11 yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes

Using the -X flag, or simply turning on X11Forwarding in the SSH configuration files, is not enough: the symptoms in this case are that a d.mon window will function fine, but none of the Tcl/Tk dialogues will work, failing with an error message complaining either about Wish not behaving as expected, or a "Bad Atom".

[[Category:Documentation]]

Tips and Tricks

2006-11-21T08:48:59Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS */

==Tips and Tricks==

===Using QGIS as a frontend to GRASS===

QGIS can run as a frontend to GRASS. There is support for displaying maps, editing maps, and execution of simple GIS functions. The GDAL/OGR library is a requirement for that (but for GRASS anyway):

* QGIS homepage: http://qgis.org
* GDAL homepage: http://www.gdal.org

To use the two together, the GDAL-GRASS plugin must be installed:

* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

Test that the GDAL-GRASS plugin is available with this command: 
<pre>
gdalinfo --formats
</pre>
Look for a line like "GRASS (ro): GRASS Database Rasters (5.7+)"

Enable the QGIS GRASS plugin from QGIS: 
<pre>
GUI: Plugins / Plugin Manager / Check the GRASS checkbox
</pre>

The GRASS toolbar should now be visible.
While not a firm requirement, it is easier to start QGIS from within a GRASS session.

* [http://wiki.qgis.org/qgiswiki/GrassCookbook QGIS GRASS Cookbook] - Recipes for common tasks

===Exporting GRASS maps to GMT===

GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) is a Free software package for creating publication quality cartography.

GMT homepage: http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu

Exporting GRASS maps to GMT: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/#GMT_and_GRASS-overview
 (Supplied by the GRASS Users Group of Davis, California)

===Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS===

* All the necessary functions for the GRASS 6 interface are now in packages
on CRAN, so that on Linux/Unix (or Mac OSX) installing rgdal from source
with PROJ4 and GDAL installed, or Windows installing from binary, the required
packages are: sp; maptools (now includes spmaptools); rgdal (now includes spGDAL, spproj); spgrass6 - now all on CRAN.

* http://grass.ibiblio.org/statsgrass/index.php#grassR

* R-Statistics homepage http://www.r-project.org

* R Spatial Projects http://sal.uiuc.edu/csiss/Rgeo//

* http://r-spatial.sourceforge.net/xtra/xtra.RHnw.html#spgrass6

* Neural Networks with GRASS and R (posted by Markus Neteler on the grass-user mailing list) http://www.uam.es/proyectosinv/Mclim/pdf/MBenito_EcoMod.pdf

* Using R and GRASS with cygwin: It is possible to use Rterm inside the GRASS shell in cygwin, just as in Unix/Linux or OSX. You should not, however, start Rterm from a cygwin xterm, because Rterm is not expecting to be run in an xterm under Windows, and loses its input. If you use the regular cygwin bash shell, but need to start display windows, start X from within GRASS with startx &, and then start Rterm in the same cygwin shell, not in the xterm.

===Using GRASS with an on-line Web-GIS===

see:

* [[GRASS and MapServer]]
* [[GRASS and PHP]]
* [[GRASS and Python]]

(please expand)

===Starting and running GRASS from a script===

See [[GRASS and Shell]].

===Running GRASS remotely on OS X===

Tiger (OS 10.4) changed the default configuration of SSH from previous versions of OS X. You can no longer start an ssh session with the -X flag and display the Tcl/Tk components of the GRASS GUI remotely. If you are running grass on OS X (10.4) between hosts on a network (i.e. running it on one machine but displaying it on another), you will need to use the "trusted forwarding" mode of SSH in order for the Tcl/Tk generated graphics, such as d.m or gis.m in order for the GUI graphics to make it through your connection. This can be done using the -Y flag when you start the ssh session:

ssh -Y remotehost

or add this to ~/.ssh/config:

Host hostname
ForwardX11 yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes

Using the -X flag, or simply turning on X11Forwarding in the SSH configuration files, is not enough: the symptoms in this case are that a d.mon window will function fine, but none of the Tcl/Tk dialogues will work, failing with an error message complaining either about Wish not behaving as expected, or a "Bad Atom".

[[Category:Documentation]]

Tips and Tricks

2006-11-21T08:47:38Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS */

==Tips and Tricks==

===Using QGIS as a frontend to GRASS===

QGIS can run as a frontend to GRASS. There is support for displaying maps, editing maps, and execution of simple GIS functions. The GDAL/OGR library is a requirement for that (but for GRASS anyway):

* QGIS homepage: http://qgis.org
* GDAL homepage: http://www.gdal.org

To use the two together, the GDAL-GRASS plugin must be installed:

* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

Test that the GDAL-GRASS plugin is available with this command: 
<pre>
gdalinfo --formats
</pre>
Look for a line like "GRASS (ro): GRASS Database Rasters (5.7+)"

Enable the QGIS GRASS plugin from QGIS: 
<pre>
GUI: Plugins / Plugin Manager / Check the GRASS checkbox
</pre>

The GRASS toolbar should now be visible.
While not a firm requirement, it is easier to start QGIS from within a GRASS session.

* [http://wiki.qgis.org/qgiswiki/GrassCookbook QGIS GRASS Cookbook] - Recipes for common tasks

===Exporting GRASS maps to GMT===

GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) is a Free software package for creating publication quality cartography.

GMT homepage: http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu

Exporting GRASS maps to GMT: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/#GMT_and_GRASS-overview
 (Supplied by the GRASS Users Group of Davis, California)

===Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS===

* All the necessary functions for the GRASS 6 interface are now in packages
on CRAN, so that on Linux/Unix (or Mac OSX) installing rgdal from source
with PROJ4 and GDAL installed, or Windows installing from binary, the required
packages are:

sp

maptools (now includes spmaptools)

rgdal (now includes spGDAL, spproj)

spgrass6

now all on CRAN.

* http://grass.ibiblio.org/statsgrass/index.php#grassR

* R-Statistics homepage http://www.r-project.org

* R Spatial Projects http://sal.uiuc.edu/csiss/Rgeo//

* http://r-spatial.sourceforge.net/xtra/xtra.RHnw.html#spgrass6

* Neural Networks with GRASS and R (posted by Markus Neteler on the grass-user mailing list) http://www.uam.es/proyectosinv/Mclim/pdf/MBenito_EcoMod.pdf

* Using R and GRASS with cygwin: It is possible to use Rterm inside the GRASS shell in cygwin, just as in Unix/Linux or OSX. You should not, however, start Rterm from a cygwin xterm, because Rterm is not expecting to be run in an xterm under Windows, and loses its input. If you use the regular cygwin bash shell, but need to start display windows, start X from within GRASS with startx &, and then start Rterm in the same cygwin shell, not in the xterm.

===Using GRASS with an on-line Web-GIS===

see:

* [[GRASS and MapServer]]
* [[GRASS and PHP]]
* [[GRASS and Python]]

(please expand)

===Starting and running GRASS from a script===

See [[GRASS and Shell]].

===Running GRASS remotely on OS X===

Tiger (OS 10.4) changed the default configuration of SSH from previous versions of OS X. You can no longer start an ssh session with the -X flag and display the Tcl/Tk components of the GRASS GUI remotely. If you are running grass on OS X (10.4) between hosts on a network (i.e. running it on one machine but displaying it on another), you will need to use the "trusted forwarding" mode of SSH in order for the Tcl/Tk generated graphics, such as d.m or gis.m in order for the GUI graphics to make it through your connection. This can be done using the -Y flag when you start the ssh session:

ssh -Y remotehost

or add this to ~/.ssh/config:

Host hostname
ForwardX11 yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes

Using the -X flag, or simply turning on X11Forwarding in the SSH configuration files, is not enough: the symptoms in this case are that a d.mon window will function fine, but none of the Tcl/Tk dialogues will work, failing with an error message complaining either about Wish not behaving as expected, or a "Bad Atom".

[[Category:Documentation]]

Tips and Tricks

2006-11-21T08:46:32Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS */

==Tips and Tricks==

===Using QGIS as a frontend to GRASS===

QGIS can run as a frontend to GRASS. There is support for displaying maps, editing maps, and execution of simple GIS functions. The GDAL/OGR library is a requirement for that (but for GRASS anyway):

* QGIS homepage: http://qgis.org
* GDAL homepage: http://www.gdal.org

To use the two together, the GDAL-GRASS plugin must be installed:

* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

Test that the GDAL-GRASS plugin is available with this command: 
<pre>
gdalinfo --formats
</pre>
Look for a line like "GRASS (ro): GRASS Database Rasters (5.7+)"

Enable the QGIS GRASS plugin from QGIS: 
<pre>
GUI: Plugins / Plugin Manager / Check the GRASS checkbox
</pre>

The GRASS toolbar should now be visible.
While not a firm requirement, it is easier to start QGIS from within a GRASS session.

* [http://wiki.qgis.org/qgiswiki/GrassCookbook QGIS GRASS Cookbook] - Recipes for common tasks

===Exporting GRASS maps to GMT===

GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) is a Free software package for creating publication quality cartography.

GMT homepage: http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu

Exporting GRASS maps to GMT: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/#GMT_and_GRASS-overview
 (Supplied by the GRASS Users Group of Davis, California)

===Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS===

* All the necessary functions for the GRASS 6 interface are now in packages
on CRAN, so that on Linux/Unix (or Mac OSX) installing rgdal from source
with PROJ4 and GDAL installed, or Windows installin binary, the required
packages are:

sp

maptools (now includes spmaptools)

rgdal (now includes spGDAL, spproj)

spgrass6

now all on CRAN.

* http://grass.ibiblio.org/statsgrass/index.php#grassR

* R-Statistics homepage http://www.r-project.org

* R Spatial Projects http://sal.uiuc.edu/csiss/Rgeo//

* http://r-spatial.sourceforge.net/xtra/xtra.RHnw.html#spgrass6

* Neural Networks with GRASS and R (posted by Markus Neteler on the grass-user mailing list) http://www.uam.es/proyectosinv/Mclim/pdf/MBenito_EcoMod.pdf

* Using R and GRASS with cygwin: It is possible to use Rterm inside the GRASS shell in cygwin, just as in Unix/Linux or OSX. You should not, however, start Rterm from a cygwin xterm, because Rterm is not expecting to be run in an xterm under Windows, and loses its input. If you use the regular cygwin bash shell, but need to start display windows, start X from within GRASS with startx &, and then start Rterm in the same cygwin shell, not in the xterm.

===Using GRASS with an on-line Web-GIS===

see:

* [[GRASS and MapServer]]
* [[GRASS and PHP]]
* [[GRASS and Python]]

(please expand)

===Starting and running GRASS from a script===

See [[GRASS and Shell]].

===Running GRASS remotely on OS X===

Tiger (OS 10.4) changed the default configuration of SSH from previous versions of OS X. You can no longer start an ssh session with the -X flag and display the Tcl/Tk components of the GRASS GUI remotely. If you are running grass on OS X (10.4) between hosts on a network (i.e. running it on one machine but displaying it on another), you will need to use the "trusted forwarding" mode of SSH in order for the Tcl/Tk generated graphics, such as d.m or gis.m in order for the GUI graphics to make it through your connection. This can be done using the -Y flag when you start the ssh session:

ssh -Y remotehost

or add this to ~/.ssh/config:

Host hostname
ForwardX11 yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes

Using the -X flag, or simply turning on X11Forwarding in the SSH configuration files, is not enough: the symptoms in this case are that a d.mon window will function fine, but none of the Tcl/Tk dialogues will work, failing with an error message complaining either about Wish not behaving as expected, or a "Bad Atom".

[[Category:Documentation]]

Tips and Tricks

2006-11-17T11:31:20Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS */

==Tips and Tricks==

===Using QGIS as a frontend to GRASS===

QGIS can run as a frontend to GRASS. There is support for displaying maps, editing maps, and execution of simple GIS functions. The GDAL/OGR library is a requirement for that (but for GRASS anyway):

* QGIS homepage: http://qgis.org
* GDAL homepage: http://www.gdal.org

To use the two together, the GDAL-GRASS plugin must be installed:

* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

Test that the GDAL-GRASS plugin is available with this command: 
<pre>
gdalinfo --formats
</pre>
Look for a line like "GRASS (ro): GRASS Database Rasters (5.7+)"

Enable the QGIS GRASS plugin from QGIS: 
<pre>
GUI: Plugins / Plugin Manager / Check the GRASS checkbox
</pre>

The GRASS toolbar should now be visible.
While not a firm requirement, it is easier to start QGIS from within a GRASS session.

* [http://wiki.qgis.org/qgiswiki/GrassCookbook QGIS GRASS Cookbook] - Recipes for common tasks

===Exporting GRASS maps to GMT===

GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) is a Free software package for creating publication quality cartography.

GMT homepage: http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu

Exporting GRASS maps to GMT: http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/#GMT_and_GRASS-overview
 (Supplied by the GRASS Users Group of Davis, California)

===Interfacing R-Statistics with GRASS===

* http://grass.ibiblio.org/statsgrass/index.php#grassR

* R-Statistics homepage http://www.r-project.org

* R Spatial Projects http://sal.uiuc.edu/csiss/Rgeo//

* http://r-spatial.sourceforge.net/xtra/xtra.RHnw.html#spgrass6

* Neural Networks with GRASS and R (posted by Markus Neteler on the grass-user mailing list) http://www.uam.es/proyectosinv/Mclim/pdf/MBenito_EcoMod.pdf

* Using R and GRASS with cygwin: It is possible to use Rterm inside the GRASS shell in cygwin, just as in Unix/Linux or OSX. You should not, however, start Rterm from a cygwin xterm, because Rterm is not expecting to be run in an xterm under Windows, and loses its input. If you use the regular cygwin bash shell, but need to start display windows, start X from within GRASS with startx &, and then start Rterm in the same cygwin shell, not in the xterm.

===Using GRASS with an on-line Web-GIS===

see:

* [[GRASS and MapServer]]
* [[GRASS and PHP]]
* [[GRASS and Python]]

(please expand)

===Starting and running GRASS from a script===

See [[GRASS and Shell]].

===Running GRASS remotely on OS X===

Tiger (OS 10.4) changed the default configuration of SSH from previous versions of OS X. You can no longer start an ssh session with the -X flag and display the Tcl/Tk components of the GRASS GUI remotely. If you are running grass on OS X (10.4) between hosts on a network (i.e. running it on one machine but displaying it on another), you will need to use the "trusted forwarding" mode of SSH in order for the Tcl/Tk generated graphics, such as d.m or gis.m in order for the GUI graphics to make it through your connection. This can be done using the -Y flag when you start the ssh session:

ssh -Y remotehost

or add this to ~/.ssh/config:

Host hostname
ForwardX11 yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes

Using the -X flag, or simply turning on X11Forwarding in the SSH configuration files, is not enough: the symptoms in this case are that a d.mon window will function fine, but none of the Tcl/Tk dialogues will work, failing with an error message complaining either about Wish not behaving as expected, or a "Bad Atom".

[[Category:Documentation]]

AddOns

2006-10-07T13:23:45Z

⚠️Rsb: /* Vector add-ons */

This page contains references to user contributions and add-ons (the original GRASS GIS software can be downloaded [http://grass.itc.it/download/index.php here]).

__TOC__

==Copyright and licensing information==

''Please be sure to include copyright and licensing information in the header comments of your code so that others may know how they can use, extend, modify, and redistribute your work.''

e.g. at the top of a shell script:
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
############################################################################
#
# MODULE: v.in.e00
#
# AUTHOR(S): Markus Neteler, Otto Dassau
#
# PURPOSE: Import E00 data into a GRASS vector map
# Imports single and split E00 files (.e00, .e01, .e02 ...)
#
# COPYRIGHT: (c) 2004, 2005 GDF Hannover bR, http://www.gdf-hannover.de
#
# This program is free software under the GNU General Public
# License (>=v2). Read the file COPYING that comes with GRASS
# for details.
#
#############################################################################
#
# REQUIREMENTS:
# - avcimport: http://avce00.maptools.org

[script follows]
</pre>

==Shell script coding standards==

Please have a look at our [http://grass.itc.it/grass63/source/SUBMITTING_SCRIPTS Shell script coding standards] before submitting here.

==Miscellaneous Add-ons==

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/utm_which_zone.sh utm_which_zone.sh] is a shell script to determine UTM zone from Lat/Lon input. Requires [http://www.octave.org Octave] to be installed. A shell-only version is [http://dcalvelo.free.fr/grass/utm_which_zone_sh.sh available] which only requires awk. '''Authors''': Hamish Bowman (Octave part), Markus Neteler (shell script wrapper), Daniel Calvelo (sh+awk version)

* Perl scripts for converting data forth and back between Excel files and PostgreSQL: [http://dcalvelo.free.fr/grass/pg2xls.pl pg2xls.pl] reads data from PostgreSQL and produces an excel workbook; [http://dcalvelo.free.fr/grass/xls2sql.pl xls2sql.pl] reads excel files and outputs SQL statements to be fed into an RDBMS. Both scripts need modules from [http://www.cpan.org CPAN], especially [http://search.cpan.org/dist/Spreadsheet-ParseExcel/ Spreadsheet::ParseExcel] for xls2sql.pl and [http://search.cpan.org/~tmtm/Spreadsheet-WriteExcel-FromDB Spreadsheet::WriteExcel::FromDB] and its dependencies for pg2sql.pl. Check the source headers for more info. '''Authors:''' Daniel Calvelo (xls2sql.pl), Markus Neteler (pg2xls.pl)

* [http://dream.lrrl.arch.tu-muenchen.de/~wqual/perl/dbf2sql.tgz dbf2sql] is a Perl script for translating dbf-tables into a sql-command. dbf-tables are read using dbfdump-command from dbd-xbase-perl module ([http://search.cpan.org/~janpaz/DBD-XBase-0.241/ dbd::xbase] and [http://search.cpan.org/~jv/Getopt-Long-2.35/lib/Getopt/Long.pm getopt::long] have to be installed from CPAN first). There are problems, if the last column of the table contains characters. Suggestions for improvements welcome! '''Author:'''Wolfgang Qual

* [http://www.igc.usp.br/pessoais/guano/downloads/azimuth2.c azimuth2.c] is a small C program to calculate the azimuth and length of vector lines exported by GRASS-GIS as ASCII files (like this: v.out.ascii input=vector output=ascii format=standard). It is useful for create rose diagrams of lineament maps. Improvements on the original code after suggestions by Örs Téglásy, Hungary. '''Author:''' Carlos Henrique Grohmann

==GRASS 5.x==

===Vector add-ons for GRASS 5===

* See here: http://grass.itc.it/download/addons.php

===Raster add-ons for GRASS 5===

* See here: http://grass.itc.it/download/addons.php

* [http://www.valledemexico.ambitiouslemon.com/gwmodelling.html r.gmtg] The groundwater modelling tool for grass. A module to use MODFLOW within GRASS. '''Author''': Jaime Carrera

==GRASS 6.x==

===Vector add-ons===

* [http://geni.ath.cx/grass/v.out.gmt v.out.gmt] is a shell script that exports a polygon vector file into GMT xy file. psbasemap code was copied from Hamish's r.out.gmt. '''Author:''' Huidae Cho, Hamish Bowman, Dylan Beaudette

* [http://geo4.uibk.ac.at/tilde/kindl/grass/v.strahler.tgz v.strahler] is a module that calculates the Strahler Order for all lines of a given dendritic network. '''Author:''' Florian Kindl

* [http://svg.cc/grass/index.html v.out.svg] is a module that exports SVG notation along with optional attribute data directly from GRASS 6.x vector layers. '''Author:''' Klaus Förster

* [http://les-ejk.cz/programs/trees.html v.trees3d] is a module for making 3D trees from input vector point file. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [http://www.public.asu.edu/~cmbarton/files/grass_scripts/v.lda v.lda] is a shell script for calculating Ian Johnson's (U. Sidney) Local Density Analysis values to measure clustering of point data at different neighborhood radii. There is an option to create a simple line graph of the results. There have been reports of problems creating the line graph on Cygwin installations of GRASS. '''Author:''' Michael Barton

* [http://www.public.asu.edu/~cmbarton/files/grass_scripts/v.append v.append] is a shell script combining two vector files AND their associated attribute tables. The vector files should be of the same type and, for best results, should have identically formatted attribute tables. '''Author:''' Michael Barton

* [http://www.shockfamily.net/cedric/grass/v.group v.group] generates a new vector map with the same geometry as an existing map. The new map has categories and a table based on grouping by the values in certain columns of the existing map's table. The values in these columns are preserved in the table for the new map. It's like a v.reclass that preserves data. '''Author:''' Cedric Shock

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/v.out.ascii.db v.out.ascii.db] is a shell script for exporting vector point data coordinates and selected attribute columns to either a file or to the console. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/v.rasterbounds v.rasterbounds] is a shell script for creating polygon-vector file of rasterfile boundaries. The best version of GRASS is 6.1+. If you are using GRASS < 6.1, you have to be in the same mapset as your raster maps are from. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/v.3Dtin v.3Dtin] is a shell script for making 3D-vector of the 2D ouput from ''v.delauny''. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [http://www.clubwebcanada.ca/twiens/v.sample.buffer.tgz v.sample.buffer] is a shell script that samples rasters in buffers of a specified size around features in a specified vector file. Sampling results are added as attributes to the vector file. This script was designed for sampling vegetation indices and DEM derived attributes for bird point counts. Sampling results can be one or more basic statistics such as mean, range, max, etc. '''Author:''' Trevor Wiens

* [http://www.gfosservices.it/materiale_didattico/moduli/v.variogram.tar.gz v.variogram] is a script that create an omnidirectional experimental semi-variogram. This scripts require R-statistics software installed on your machine. Please see a [http://grass.itc.it/pipermail/statsgrass/2006-October/000455.html reply] on the STATGRASS list for changes need to the script to run on spgrass6 >= 0.3 and sp >= 0.9. '''Author:''' Ivan Marchesini, Pierluigi De Rosa.

* [http://www.gfosservices.it/materiale_didattico/moduli/v.krige.tar.gz v.krige] is a script that do a surface interpolation from vector point data by Kriging method.The interpolated value of a cell is determined by using an omnidirectional variogram model fitted starting from model parameter given by user desumed from the experimental semi variogram produced by v.variogram. '''Author:''' Ivan Marchesini, Pierluigi De Rosa

* [http://ngeo.de/grassstuff/v.lmeasure v.lmeasure] and [http://ngeo.de/grassstuff/v.revlmeasure v.revlmeasure] are two perl scripts that place equidistant vector points along a given arbitrary vector line starting from the beginning or end of the vector line, respectively. Resulting vector points are labeled with the distance from origin. '''Author:''' Mats Schuh

* [http://david.p.finlayson.googlepages.com/v.swathwidth v.swathwidth] creates a vector map representing the sea bottom coverage of a multibeam (swath) sonar survey. '''Author:''' David Finlayson

* [http://kufaya.googlepages.com/v.flip.tar.gz v.flip] flips the direction of selected vector lines. '''Author:''' Maciej Sieczka

* [http://phygeo7.geo.uni-augsburg.de/gis2/scripts/v.digatt v.digatt] (shell script) Interactively assign numeric table attributes to series of vector objects. It is meant to be effective by avoiding to type in the attribute value for all single objects again and again. The user is prompted for typing in an attribute value which is assigned to all objects selected by mouseclick afterwards. Next the display is redrawn after updating the table column. Zooming allows to change the region before the old value can be reused or a new one can be typed in (or copied by mouse from another object) in order to assign it to the next series of objects etc. It is tested not very extensively yet. Therefore better work with a copy of your map and consider using v.digit or d.what.vect -e alternatively. [http://phygeo7.geo.uni-augsburg.de/gis2/scripts/v.digatt.png screenshot]. '''Author:''' Andreas Philipp

* [http://k153-85.fsv.cvut.cz/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/grass6/vector/v.in.gama/ v.in.gama] converts [http://www.gnu.org/software/gama/ GNU GaMa] XML output file to a GRASS vector map layer. '''Author:''' Martin Landa

===Raster add-ons===

* [http://www.igc.usp.br/pessoais/guano/downloads/r.roughness r.roughness] is a shell script to calculate the surface roughness of a DEM, using r.surf.area and v.surf.rst. (for GRASS versions 6.1 and above)
* [http://www.igc.usp.br/pessoais/guano/downloads/r.roughness60 r.roughness60] - for GRASS versions 6.0.X '''Author:''' Carlos Henrique Grohmann

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/grass/r.gauss.tgz r.gauss] is Gaussian and Laplacian of Gaussian filter for GRASS. It is written in C language. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/grass/r.mlv.tgz r.mlv] is Mean of least variance filter for GRASS. It is an edge-preserving (or even edge-enhacing) filter, which should serve for removing additive noise from images. It is written in C language. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/grass/r.bilateral.tgz r.bilateral] Bilateral filter is an edge-preserving filter, which combines domain and range filtering. It is written in C language. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/zc.pl Zero crossing] is a simple Perl script, finds the ,,zero crossings`` from the Laplacian of Gaussian filter (see above). It is really very simple, the edges don't need to be really on that pixel, where they are detected, no interpolation is performed. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

'''Usage:'''
zc.pl -i input -o output |r.mapcalc

* [http://www.fle.czu.cz/~jachym/programs/local_max.pl Local maxima] is a Perl script for <code>r.mapcalc</code>. It detects local maxima of the image. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

'''Usage:'''
local_maxima.pl -i input -o output -s matrix_size|r.mapcalc

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/r.out.gmt r.out.gmt] is a GRASS script for exporting a GRASS raster map into a [[http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/gmt/ GMT]] grid file. It also creates a GMT color table from the data and can generate some GMT commands for plotting a postscript file. (code is experimental, but functional) see also http://169.237.35.250/~dylan/grass_user_group/#GMT_and_GRASS-overview '''Authors:''' Hamish Bowman, Dylan Beaudette

* [http://geni.ath.cx/grass/r.out.gmt yet another r.out.gmt] is a modified version of Hamish's r.out.gmt. Added options for title, xlabel, ylabel, comment, and map width. Removed any settings that can be changed by gmtset for more flexibility. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman, Huidae Cho, Dylan Beaudette

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/r.pack r.pack] and [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/r.unpack r.unpack] are two GRASS scripts for transfering raster maps to another computer as a single file. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/dominant_dir.m dominant_dir.m] and [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/calc_terraflow_dir.m calc_terraflow_dir.m] are two Matlab scripts for determining the dominant flow direction from a r.terraflow MFD map and converting into a GRASS aspect map for use with d.rast.arrow, etc. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman

* [http://www-pool.math.tu-berlin.de/~soeren/grass/modules/ r.in.onearth] for download and import satellite images direct from the NASA onearth WMS server into GRASS. '''Author:''' Soeren Gebbert

* [http://www.shockfamily.net/cedric/grass/r.tileset r.tileset] generates a list of tiles and sizes in a source projection that cover the region in the current database with appropriate resolution. The size of individual tiles can be constrained. Only tiles intersecting the current region are returned. These tilings are appropriate for requesting data from another projection to meet the specifications of the current region. For example, it could be used to generate tile requests to a latitude / longitude WMS server like this <code>r.tileset -w sourceproj="+init=epsg:4326"</code>. '''Author:''' Cedric Shock

* [ftp://gsca.nrcan.gc.ca/outgoing/Patton/Grass/r.csr.tar.gz r.csr] integrates several Grass programs to produce colored, shaded-relief rasters in one step. Accepts single or multiple elevation/bathymetry maps as input; optionally will fill data holidays with 3x3 median filter, multiple times, if required; can apply color maps from a) input raster, b) another raster in MAPSET, or c) from a rules file; otherwise, rainbow colorbar is applied. Output colored, shaded-relief rasters can optionally be exported to tiff format and archived using tar with gzip/bzip2 compression if appropriate flags are given. Shading parameters can be modified, though useful defaults are given. (Right-click and choose 'Save Link As') '''Author:''' Eric Patton

* [ftp://gsca.nrcan.gc.ca/outgoing/Patton/Grass/r.fragment.tar.gz r.fragment] fragments a raster into a user-defined set of smaller tiles according to an input number of rows and columns. Optionally, a null value threshold can be set to filter out candidate tiles that would have a large percentage of null cells. (Right-click and choose 'Save Link As') '''Author:''' Eric Patton

* [http://david.p.finlayson.googlepages.com/r.eucdist r.eucdist] creates a raster map estimating the euclidean distance from known cells. '''Author:''' David Finlayson

* [http://david.p.finlayson.googlepages.com/r.smoothpatch r.smoothpatch] creates a composite of two rasters using a distance-weighted average across the transition to smooth the edges. '''Author:''' David Finlayson

* [http://www.faunalia.it/download/r_li/ r.li] is meant to be a more flexible and faster replacement of the old r.le. Currently under development (help welcome). 
[http://www.faunalia.com/mediawiki/index.php/R_li Wiki page] 
[http://www.faunalia.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/r.li Mailing list] 
'''Authors:''' Claudio Porta, Davide Spano, Serena Pallecchi, [http://www.faunalia.it Faunalia]

* [http://kufaya.googlepages.com/r.surf.nnbathy.tar.gz r.surf.nnbathy] interpolates surface from raster input using [http://www.marine.csiro.au/~sakov/ nn] natural neighbor intepolation library. '''Author:''' Maciej Sieczka

* [http://www.star.ait.ac.th/~yann/r.uslek.tar.gz r.uslek] creates USLE K factor (soil erodibility) from sand,clay,silt fractions and organic matter fraction. Based on USDA 1951 (p209) quoted in FAO World Soil CD, and from some generic [soil class+OM] to K conversion table.Update: Fixed input file swap and silty-clay class recognition. '''Author:''' Yann Chemin

 

===General add-ons===

* [http://www.gdf-hannover.de/dassau/g.laptop/g.laptop.sh g.laptop.sh] is an interactive shell script to extract raster and vector data from current Location into a new one. Data can be copied or extracted in current or original resolution and region extend. This script was written to extract smaller parts of a GRASS location to be able to present them on a laptop without the necessity to transfer huge data. Maps do not have to be in the same mapset. '''Author:''' Otto Dassau

* '''''Readline completion''''' for GRASS commands under the bash shell: [http://www.sorokine.info/grass-complete/ grass-complete] won't clutter the environment but needs to be installed; [http://dcalvelo.free.fr/grass/grass_rlcompleter.sh grass_rlcompleter.sh] needs almost no installation but will pollute the environment. Grass-Complete currently requires Bash version 2.05 for proper install. '''Author:''' Alexandre Sorokine (grass-complete), Daniel Calvelo (grass_rlcompleter.sh)
 
=== Imagery add-ons ===

* [http://www.star.ait.ac.th/~yann/6s/i.atcorr.1.3.1b.tar.gz i.atcorr] Atmospheric Correction using Christo Zietsman's implementation of 6s code in C/C++. The Old Page was rescued by Christo recently and copied [http://www.star.ait.ac.th/~yann/6s/ here]. Compiled in CVS but not tested. Update: The source code is somehow functional in GRASS CVS, it is processing and creates output map, but does not accept non-default input. Not Tested/Validated! '''Author:''' Christo Zietsman

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/gdal/i.warp61 i.warp61] is a shell script that will use gdalwarp to rectify a raw input image using thin plate splines. The map should be imported into GRASS with r.in.gdal and GCPs set with i.points. Input is the raw image (GeoTIFF, JPEG, etc). Output is a GeoTIFF in the imagery group's target location's map projection. Requires a recent (early 2006) version of GRASS 6.1, or newer. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman
 

=== Display add-ons ===

* [http://www.ornl.gov/sci/gist/software/grass/ pd-GRASS]: Parallel Display for GRASS GIS '''Author:''' Alex Sorokine

==== [[IconSymbols]] ====
* [[IconSymbols|Symbols]] which can be used with ''d.vect, d.graph'', and ''ps.map''.

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/d.frame.quarter d.frame.quarter] is a shell script that will split the display into four quadrants using ''d.frame''. Individual frames are named ''uno, dos, tres, cuatro'', and ''full_screen''. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman

* [ftp://gsca.nrcan.gc.ca/outgoing/Patton/Grass/d.hyperlink.tar.gz d.hyperlink] is an interactive shell script that allows the viewing of hyperlinked images from a vector's attribute table in an external image viewer. Queries can be made via SQL statements or interactive mouse-clicking. The attribute table must be pre-populated with a column containing the image to link the vector to; the user also specifies the image folder in the current MAPSET where the images are located. The script currently supports gimp, Eye of Gnome, gthumb, gpdf, and Inkscape image viewers. (Right-click and choose 'Save Link As') '''Author: '''Eric Patton

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/d.stations d.stations] is a shell script that quickly displays vector points (or sites for GRASS 5.4 and below). '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman

* [http://bambi.otago.ac.nz/hamish/grass/d.varea d.varea] is a shell script that quickly displays vector areas. '''Author:''' Hamish Bowman

===Postscript add-ons===

* [http://les-ejk.cz/programs/grass/ps.atlas ps.atlas] is a shell script that makes more maps on current region according to input *.psmap file. General map can be stored as vector file. The resulting *.eps maps can be automatically converted to *.pdf files. '''Author:''' Jachym Cepicky

* [[ps.map scripts|ps.map samples/templates]]

==== [[AreaFillPatterns]] ====
* Hatches for ps.map's vareas

===GRASS and UMN Mapserver===

* [http://www.mail-archive.com/mapserver-users@lists.umn.edu/msg00086.html See interesting posting]

[[Category:Community]]
[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
[[Category:Installation]]