About GRASS - Revision history

⚠️HamishBowman: links

2009-08-25T09:26:05Z

links

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:26, 25 August 2009
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	~~This~~ page contained the Entry for the Springer Encyclopaedia of GIS. To avoid any copyright problems I deleted all content (of course I made a backup...), because the copyright is owned by Springer. But Springer will grant us the permission to reprint the ~~Entry in one of our forthcoming newsletter~~.		* See the {{website\|intro\|About GRASS}} page on the main GRASS website.

	~~But if anyone will have a look at the entry, just send me an email:~~		* {{wikipedia\|GRASS_GIS}} wikipedia page

	~~malte[at]geog.fu-berlin.de~~

	Thanks to all who helped me to finish the entry!		----
	Malte		<i>
			: This page used to contain the Entry for the Springer Encyclopaedia of GIS. To avoid any copyright problems I deleted all content (of course I made a backup...), because the copyright is owned by Springer. But Springer will grant us the permission to reprint the Entry in one of our forthcoming newsletter.

			: But if anyone will have a look at the entry, just send me an email:

			: malte[at]geog.fu-berlin.de

			: Thanks to all who helped me to finish the entry!
			: Malte
			</i>

⚠️Maltehm at 10:28, 7 January 2007

2007-01-07T10:28:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:28, 7 January 2007
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	This page contained the Entry for the Springer Encyclopaedia of GIS. To avoid any copyright problems I deleted all content, because the copyright is owned by Springer. But Springer will grant us the permission to reprint the Entry in one of our forthcoming newsletter.		This page contained the Entry for the Springer Encyclopaedia of GIS. To avoid any copyright problems I deleted all content (of course I made a backup...), because the copyright is owned by Springer. But Springer will grant us the permission to reprint the Entry in one of our forthcoming newsletter.

	But if anyone will have a look at the entry, just send me an email:		But if anyone will have a look at the entry, just send me an email:

⚠️Maltehm at 10:27, 7 January 2007

2007-01-07T10:27:20Z

Show changes

⚠️Maltehm: /* Biology */

2007-01-04T09:10:00Z

Biology

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:10, 4 January 2007
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	\cite{Tucker1997} used GRASS to model the distribution of three bird species in north-east England using a Bayesian rule-based approach. They linked data about habitat preferences and life-history of the birds against physiogeographic and satellite data using GRASS.		\cite{Tucker1997} used GRASS to model the distribution of three bird species in north-east England using a Bayesian rule-based approach. They linked data about habitat preferences and life-history of the birds against physiogeographic and satellite data using GRASS.

	On the Iberian Peninsula \cite{Benito2006_pred_habitat_pinus} used GRASS to model the potential area of \textsl{Pinus sylvestris}. They predicted the habitat suitability with a machine learning software suite in GRASS incorporating three learning techniques (Tree-based Classification, Neural Networks and Random Forest) in their gis-based analysis. All three techniques show a larger potential area of P. sylvestris than the present model. In the Rocky Mountains National Park tree population parameters have been modeled by \cite{Baker1997} for the forest-tundra ecotone.		On the Iberian Peninsula \cite{Benito2006_pred_habitat_pinus} used GRASS to model the potential area of \textsl{Pinus sylvestris}. They predicted the habitat suitability with a machine learning software suite in GRASS incorporating three learning techniques (Tree-based Classification, Neural Networks and Random Forest) in their gis-based analysis. All three techniques show a larger potential area of \textsl{P. sylvestris} than the present model. In the Rocky Mountains National Park tree population parameters have been modeled by \cite{Baker1997} for the forest-tundra ecotone.

	===== Environmental Modelling =====		===== Environmental Modelling =====

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Interoperability: GIS and Analysis Toolchain */

2007-01-04T06:51:59Z

Interoperability: GIS and Analysis Toolchain

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:51, 4 January 2007
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	===== Interoperability: GIS and Analysis Toolchain =====		===== Interoperability: GIS and Analysis Toolchain =====
	GRASS is designed in a way that offers a ~~highly and~~ robust interoperability with outside applications, giving the user tremendous flexibility and efficiency ~~for~~ accomplishing ~~his or her analyses~~.		GRASS is designed in a way that offers a high level of robust interoperability with outside applications, giving the user tremendous flexibility and efficiency in accomplishing analytic tasks.

	===== Programming and extending GRASS =====		===== Programming and extending GRASS =====

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Philosophy of GRASS */ gpl clarification

2007-01-04T06:42:47Z

Philosophy of GRASS: gpl clarification

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:42, 4 January 2007
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	==== Scientific Fundamentals ====		==== Scientific Fundamentals ====
	===== Philosophy of GRASS =====		===== Philosophy of GRASS =====
	The most distinguishing feature of GRASS in comparison to other GIS software is that the source code can be explored without restriction so that anyone can study the algorithms used. This open structure encourages contributions by the user community to the source code in order to improve existing features or to extend it in new directions. For this purpose GRASS provides a GIS library and a free programming manual, which can be downloaded from the GRASS project site \cite{grass_page}. Under the terms of the GPL these contributions can not be ~~included~~ in proprietary software unless free access to the source code is granted. Any code which is based on GPL licensed code must be ~~published again~~ under the GPL.		The most distinguishing feature of GRASS in comparison to other GIS software is that the source code can be explored without restriction so that anyone can study the algorithms used. This open structure encourages contributions by the user community to the source code in order to improve existing features or to extend it in new directions. For this purpose GRASS provides a GIS library and a free programming manual, which can be downloaded from the GRASS project site \cite{grass_page}. Under the terms of the GPL these contributions can not be distributed in proprietary software unless free access to the source code is granted to the end user. Any published code which is based on GPL licensed code must be licensed under the GPL as well.

	GRASS offers the user a wide range of GIS functions. Together with other (free) software tools it provides a complete and powerful GIS software infrastructure at very low cost. GRASS is available on the project's homepage \cite{grass_page}. The design is modular, consisting of more than 350 stand alone modules which are loaded when they are called into a GRASS session.		GRASS offers the user a wide range of GIS functions. Together with other (free) software tools it provides a complete and powerful GIS software infrastructure at very low cost. GRASS is available on the project's homepage \cite{grass_page}. The design is modular, consisting of more than 350 stand alone modules which are loaded when they are called into a GRASS session.

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Inspiration */ do not reuse content

2007-01-04T06:21:29Z

Inspiration: do not reuse content

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:21, 4 January 2007
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	=== Inspiration ===		=== Inspiration ===

	* The Wikipedia entry (GNU Free Documentation License; ~~probably~~ '''do not reuse''' any content)<BR>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRASS_GIS		* The Wikipedia entry (GNU Free Documentation License; '''do not reuse''' any content)<BR>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRASS_GIS


	=== Issues ===		=== Issues ===

⚠️Maltehm: /* Historical Background */

2007-01-03T20:16:09Z

Historical Background

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:16, 3 January 2007
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	The history of GRASS dates back to the early 1980s when it was developed by the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), Champaign, Illinois, USA to meet their needs for land management and environmental planning tools at military installations. Emphasis was placed on raster analysis and image processing because a principal goal was estimation of the impact of actions on continuous surfaces like elevation or soils \cite{neteler2003opensourceGIS} and there was no adequate raster GIS software on the market at that time. Modules for vector processing were added later.		The history of GRASS dates back to the early 1980s when it was developed by the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), Champaign, Illinois, USA to meet their needs for land management and environmental planning tools at military installations. Emphasis was placed on raster analysis and image processing because a principal goal was estimation of the impact of actions on continuous surfaces like elevation or soils \cite{neteler2003opensourceGIS} and there was no adequate raster GIS software on the market at that time. Modules for vector processing were added later.

	The first version of GRASS was released in 1984 \cite{VanWarren2004} and because its development was financed by federal funds, US law required that it be released into the public domain. The complete source code was published on the Internet during the late eighties, a period during which there was significant improvement in its capabilities. CERL withdrew from GRASS development in 1995 and an international team took over this task. In 1997, GRASS 4.2 was published by Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA. In 1999, GRASS 4.2.1 was released by the Institute of Physical Geography and Landscape Ecology, University of Hannover, Germany. Since GRASS version 4.2.1, GRASS has been published under the terms of the GPL of the Free Software Foundation. In 1999 the work on version 5.0 was started and the headquarters of the "GRASS Developer Team" moved to the Instituto Trentino di Cultura (ITC-irst), Trento, Italy. GRASS 5.0 was released in 2002, ~~followd~~ by version 6.0 in March 2005 which included a complete rewrite of the GRASS vector engine. The current stable version is 6.2 which was released at the end of October 2006 \cite{http://grass.itc.it/devel/grasshist.html}.		The first version of GRASS was released in 1984 \cite{VanWarren2004} and because its development was financed by federal funds, US law required that it be released into the public domain. The complete source code was published on the Internet during the late eighties, a period during which there was significant improvement in its capabilities. CERL withdrew from GRASS development in 1995 and an international team took over this task. In 1997, GRASS 4.2 was published by Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA. In 1999, GRASS 4.2.1 was released by the Institute of Physical Geography and Landscape Ecology, University of Hannover, Germany. Since GRASS version 4.2.1, GRASS has been published under the terms of the GPL of the Free Software Foundation. In 1999 the work on version 5.0 was started and the headquarters of the "GRASS Developer Team" moved to the Instituto Trentino di Cultura (ITC-irst), Trento, Italy. GRASS 5.0 was released in 2002, followed by version 6.0 in March 2005 which included a complete rewrite of the GRASS vector engine. The current stable version is 6.2 which was released at the end of October 2006 \cite{http://grass.itc.it/devel/grasshist.html}.

	GRASS was a founding project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo.org) which was established in February 2006 to support and build high-quality open source geospatial software.		GRASS was a founding project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo.org) which was established in February 2006 to support and build high-quality open source geospatial software.

⚠️Maltehm: /* Scientific Fundamentals (Structure given by springer) */

2007-01-02T09:57:09Z

Scientific Fundamentals (Structure given by springer)

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:57, 2 January 2007
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	GRASS was a founding project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo.org) which was established in February 2006 to support and build high-quality open source geospatial software.		GRASS was a founding project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo.org) which was established in February 2006 to support and build high-quality open source geospatial software.

	==== Scientific Fundamentals ~~(Structure given by springer)~~====		==== Scientific Fundamentals ====
	===== Philosophy of GRASS =====		===== Philosophy of GRASS =====
	The most distinguishing feature of GRASS in comparison to other GIS software is that the source code can be explored without restriction so that anyone can study the algorithms used. This open structure encourages contributions by the user community to the source code in order to improve existing features or to extend it in new directions. For this purpose GRASS provides a GIS library and a free programming manual, which can be downloaded from the GRASS project site \cite{grass_page}. Under the terms of the GPL these contributions can not be included in proprietary software unless free access to the source code is granted. Any code which is based on GPL licensed code must be published again under the GPL.		The most distinguishing feature of GRASS in comparison to other GIS software is that the source code can be explored without restriction so that anyone can study the algorithms used. This open structure encourages contributions by the user community to the source code in order to improve existing features or to extend it in new directions. For this purpose GRASS provides a GIS library and a free programming manual, which can be downloaded from the GRASS project site \cite{grass_page}. Under the terms of the GPL these contributions can not be included in proprietary software unless free access to the source code is granted. Any code which is based on GPL licensed code must be published again under the GPL.

⚠️Maltehm: /* Technical Fundamentals */

2007-01-02T09:56:49Z

Technical Fundamentals

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:56, 2 January 2007
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	GRASS was a founding project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo.org) which was established in February 2006 to support and build high-quality open source geospatial software.		GRASS was a founding project of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo.org) which was established in February 2006 to support and build high-quality open source geospatial software.

	==== ~~Technical~~ Fundamentals ====		==== Scientific Fundamentals (Structure given by springer)====
	===== Philosophy of GRASS =====		===== Philosophy of GRASS =====
	The most distinguishing feature of GRASS in comparison to other GIS software is that the source code can be explored without restriction so that anyone can study the algorithms used. This open structure encourages contributions by the user community to the source code in order to improve existing features or to extend it in new directions. For this purpose GRASS provides a GIS library and a free programming manual, which can be downloaded from the GRASS project site \cite{grass_page}. Under the terms of the GPL these contributions can not be included in proprietary software unless free access to the source code is granted. Any code which is based on GPL licensed code must be published again under the GPL.		The most distinguishing feature of GRASS in comparison to other GIS software is that the source code can be explored without restriction so that anyone can study the algorithms used. This open structure encourages contributions by the user community to the source code in order to improve existing features or to extend it in new directions. For this purpose GRASS provides a GIS library and a free programming manual, which can be downloaded from the GRASS project site \cite{grass_page}. Under the terms of the GPL these contributions can not be included in proprietary software unless free access to the source code is granted. Any code which is based on GPL licensed code must be published again under the GPL.