<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Agriculture_and_HPC</id>
	<title>Agriculture and HPC - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Agriculture_and_HPC"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-07-08T11:00:54Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.41.0</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=14961&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️HamishBowman: /* Research Objectives */ link to gipe addons</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=14961&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-03-01T07:47:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Research Objectives: &lt;/span&gt; link to gipe addons&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 07:47, 1 March 2012&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[r&lt;/del&gt;.vi&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/del&gt;is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC (&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[r&lt;/del&gt;.vi.mpi&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[r&lt;/del&gt;.vi.grid&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/del&gt;) &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93 Porting a GRASS raster module to distributed computing Examples for MPI and Ninf-G]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html Asynchronous Grid LMF Processing of Vegetation Index for Asia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf Parameter-Less GA Based Crop Parameter Assimilation with Satellite Image]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/ins&gt;.vi &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(part of the {{AddonCmd|GIPE}} addon toolkit) &lt;/ins&gt;is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC (&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/ins&gt;.vi.mpi, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/ins&gt;.vi.grid) &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93 Porting a GRASS raster module to distributed computing Examples for MPI and Ninf-G]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html Asynchronous Grid LMF Processing of Vegetation Index for Asia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf Parameter-Less GA Based Crop Parameter Assimilation with Satellite Image]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-14705:rev-14961:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️HamishBowman</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=14705&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️MilenaN: Reverted edits by Reverse22 (talk) to last revision by Radenko</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=14705&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-12-30T21:38:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Reverted edits by &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Special:Contributions/Reverse22&quot; title=&quot;Special:Contributions/Reverse22&quot;&gt;Reverse22&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Reverse22&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;User talk:Reverse22 (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;talk&lt;/a&gt;) to last revision by &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/User:Radenko&quot; title=&quot;User:Radenko&quot;&gt;Radenko&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:38, 30 December 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l23&quot;&gt;Line 23:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 23:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==Other==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://thetvtopc.com/Reverse_Cell_Phone_Lookup_Number reverse phone lookup]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://www.prlog.org/11289974-phone-number-lookup-verizon-phone-number-reverse-lookup-to-get-information-you-need-quickly.html phone number lookup]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-14628:rev-14705:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️MilenaN</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=14628&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️Reverse22 at 20:41, 30 December 2011</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=14628&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-12-30T20:41:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 20:41, 30 December 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l23&quot;&gt;Line 23:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 23:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==Other==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://thetvtopc.com/Reverse_Cell_Phone_Lookup_Number reverse phone lookup]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://www.prlog.org/11289974-phone-number-lookup-verizon-phone-number-reverse-lookup-to-get-information-you-need-quickly.html phone number lookup]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-9631:rev-14628:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️Reverse22</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9631&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️Radenko: oops</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9631&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-09-29T09:41:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;oops&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:41, 29 September 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[r.vi]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93 Porting a GRASS raster module to distributed computing Examples for MPI and Ninf-G]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html Asynchronous Grid LMF Processing of Vegetation Index for Asia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/del&gt;[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf Parameter-Less GA Based Crop Parameter Assimilation with Satellite Image&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/del&gt;]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[r.vi]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93 Porting a GRASS raster module to distributed computing Examples for MPI and Ninf-G]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html Asynchronous Grid LMF Processing of Vegetation Index for Asia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf Parameter-Less GA Based Crop Parameter Assimilation with Satellite Image]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-9617:rev-9631:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️Radenko</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9617&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️Radenko: refs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9617&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-09-25T22:06:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;refs&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:06, 25 September 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP) [http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html] or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) [http://www.icasa.net/dssat/], have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html], CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a] and  [http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm] used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA [http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link] and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA [http://www.freewebs.com/ychemin/2006_IEEE_TGRS_chemin_honda.pdf], uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER [http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/],  MODIS [http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/]) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO [http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf] and CAM-PEST [http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf], use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Soil Water Atmosphere Plant-General Model Information&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.icasa.net/dssat/ &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ICASA DSSAT software Introduction&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;, have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Inverse modelling in estimating soil hydraulic functions: a Genetic Algorithm approach&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;, CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;On quantifying agricultural and water management practices from low spatial resolution RS data using genetic algorithms: A numerical study for mixed-pixel environment&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;and  &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;SWAP crop model Parameter Identification using SPOT Vegetation in Suphanburi, Thailand&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.freewebs.com/ychemin/2006_IEEE_TGRS_chemin_honda.pdf &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Spatiotemporal Fusion of Rice Actual Evapotranspiration With Genetic Algorithms and an Agrohydrological Model&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;, uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/ &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;,  MODIS &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Combining remote sensing maeasurements and model estimates through hybrid data assimilation scheme to predict hydrological fluxes at a watershed scale&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;and CAM-PEST &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;, use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Rationale ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== Rationale ===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[r.vi]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) [http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93]. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html]. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf]]. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[r.vi]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Porting a GRASS raster module to distributed computing Examples for MPI and Ninf-G&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Asynchronous Grid LMF Processing of Vegetation Index for Asia&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Parameter-Less GA Based Crop Parameter Assimilation with Satellite Image&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== References ===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-9582:rev-9617:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️Radenko</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9582&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Neteler: wikified</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9582&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-09-22T05:00:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;wikified&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 05:00, 22 September 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/del&gt;Introduction&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:'''&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== &lt;/ins&gt;Introduction &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Agricultural activity monitoring, e.g. enclosed quantifying the irrigation scheduling, tracing the soil hydraulic properties, generating the crop calendar etc., is necessary for efficient food security management at country level. The near real time monitoring or prediction on crop parameters such as crop growth in terms of planting date, date of emergence, extents, acreage, planting intensity, water stress, biomass, yield and etc. is important. It can contribute to better policymaking, timely countermeasures, optimization of water resources distributions, damage assessment and finally to  supply food security and stable market. Researchers of agriculture also try to analyze various information about crops in order to take measures if they had some problems. Particularly, when an on-going experiment covers large area such as a country, satellite imagery plays a vital role by providing useful information over large/provincial area. However, some information, or crop parameters, is not visible through satellite images such as sowing dates, cropping intensity, growth, stress etc., which reflects a practical problem that we can not generate or observe those parameters from remote places. To collect those data, time by time basis field experiments are required. This is a time consuming, complex and expensive procedure. To overcome such problems, crop or simulation models can help. Usually, crop models calculate those missing information by analyzing the crop information with real fields' experiment data. Indirect methods such as inverse modeling with crop model can be used to obtain those basic input parameters. One such method is the manual calibration by &amp;quot;trial and error&amp;quot; procedure, which is very subjective and time consuming, and uncertainty associated with them can not be quantified. A more robust way of inverse modeling is to combine the model and assimilate data with optimization algorithm.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Agricultural activity monitoring, e.g. enclosed quantifying the irrigation scheduling, tracing the soil hydraulic properties, generating the crop calendar etc., is necessary for efficient food security management at country level. The near real time monitoring or prediction on crop parameters such as crop growth in terms of planting date, date of emergence, extents, acreage, planting intensity, water stress, biomass, yield and etc. is important. It can contribute to better policymaking, timely countermeasures, optimization of water resources distributions, damage assessment and finally to  supply food security and stable market. Researchers of agriculture also try to analyze various information about crops in order to take measures if they had some problems. Particularly, when an on-going experiment covers large area such as a country, satellite imagery plays a vital role by providing useful information over large/provincial area. However, some information, or crop parameters, is not visible through satellite images such as sowing dates, cropping intensity, growth, stress etc., which reflects a practical problem that we can not generate or observe those parameters from remote places. To collect those data, time by time basis field experiments are required. This is a time consuming, complex and expensive procedure. To overcome such problems, crop or simulation models can help. Usually, crop models calculate those missing information by analyzing the crop information with real fields' experiment data. Indirect methods such as inverse modeling with crop model can be used to obtain those basic input parameters. One such method is the manual calibration by &amp;quot;trial and error&amp;quot; procedure, which is very subjective and time consuming, and uncertainty associated with them can not be quantified. A more robust way of inverse modeling is to combine the model and assimilate data with optimization algorithm.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the challenge for the future is to obtain besides the more direct observable data (land cover, leaf area index, digital elevation model and evapotranspiration), non-visible data (soil characteristics, groundwater depth and irrigation practices) from satellite images.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the challenge for the future is to obtain besides the more direct observable data (land cover, leaf area index, digital elevation model and evapotranspiration), non-visible data (soil characteristics, groundwater depth and irrigation practices) from satellite images.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/del&gt;Crop Assimilation Model (CAM)&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:'''&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== &lt;/ins&gt;Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP) [http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html] or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) [http://www.icasa.net/dssat/], have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html], CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a] and  [http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm] used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA [http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link] and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA [http://www.freewebs.com/ychemin/2006_IEEE_TGRS_chemin_honda.pdf], uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER [http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/],  MODIS [http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/]) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO [http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf] and CAM-PEST [http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf], use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP) [http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html] or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) [http://www.icasa.net/dssat/], have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html], CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a] and  [http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm] used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA [http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link] and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA [http://www.freewebs.com/ychemin/2006_IEEE_TGRS_chemin_honda.pdf], uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER [http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/],  MODIS [http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/]) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO [http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf] and CAM-PEST [http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf], use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/del&gt;Rationale&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:'''&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== &lt;/ins&gt;Rationale &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Multi computer based distributed systems (clusters and Grids) have a large processing capacity for a lower cost, naturally, choice turns towards developing HPC applications. However, it is not an easy job to port CAM in HPC environment. The application performance is significantly affected by the data distribution and task distribution methods on the HPC, and developers of agriculture or satellite image processing applications need to solve the problem of both data and task distribution, or how to distribute data and tasks among single or multiple clusters environment. The workload in HPC, the bandwidth, the processors speed, parameters of evaluation methods and data size are additional concerning factors. Moreover, interoperability between the agriculture application and existing RS image processing software is also necessary to improve practicality. However, users need to manually extract satellite data from some databases in the existing CAM works. Some researches separately focused on the agricultural models activities or satellite image processing performance on HPC and a few of them are in the merging domains with satellite image processing, agriculture and HPC. Still, the merging domain researches are mainly in hypothetical or conjectural theme rather than practical implementation. Thus, agricultural researchers require a web based system or tool for the agricultural activity monitoring so that they do not need to concern about the implementation issues for agricultural models or RS image processing on HPC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Multi computer based distributed systems (clusters and Grids) have a large processing capacity for a lower cost, naturally, choice turns towards developing HPC applications. However, it is not an easy job to port CAM in HPC environment. The application performance is significantly affected by the data distribution and task distribution methods on the HPC, and developers of agriculture or satellite image processing applications need to solve the problem of both data and task distribution, or how to distribute data and tasks among single or multiple clusters environment. The workload in HPC, the bandwidth, the processors speed, parameters of evaluation methods and data size are additional concerning factors. Moreover, interoperability between the agriculture application and existing RS image processing software is also necessary to improve practicality. However, users need to manually extract satellite data from some databases in the existing CAM works. Some researches separately focused on the agricultural models activities or satellite image processing performance on HPC and a few of them are in the merging domains with satellite image processing, agriculture and HPC. Still, the merging domain researches are mainly in hypothetical or conjectural theme rather than practical implementation. Thus, agricultural researchers require a web based system or tool for the agricultural activity monitoring so that they do not need to concern about the implementation issues for agricultural models or RS image processing on HPC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/del&gt;Research Objectives&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:'''&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== &lt;/ins&gt;Research Objectives &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;/del&gt;r.vi&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;&lt;/del&gt;]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) [http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93]. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html]. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf]]. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[r.vi]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) [http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93]. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html]. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf]]. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Applications]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-9579:rev-9582:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Neteler</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9579&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️Shamim at 07:49, 18 September 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9579&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-09-18T07:49:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 07:49, 18 September 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l15&quot;&gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[&amp;quot;r.vi&amp;quot;]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) [http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93]. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html]. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf]]. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[&amp;quot;r.vi&amp;quot;]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) [http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93]. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html]. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf]]. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Shamim Akhter,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;Shamim Akhter,18-9-2009&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;18-9-2009&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-9578:rev-9579:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️Shamim</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9578&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️Shamim at 07:45, 18 September 2009</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9578&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-09-18T07:45:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 07:45, 18 September 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Crop Assimilation Model (CAM):'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Crop Assimilation Model (CAM):'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP) [http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html] or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) [http://www.icasa.net/dssat/], have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html], CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a] and  [http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm] used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA [http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link] and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA, uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER [http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/],  MODIS [http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/]) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO [http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf] and CAM-PEST [http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf], use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP) [http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html] or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) [http://www.icasa.net/dssat/], have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html], CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a] and  [http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm] used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA [http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link] and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://www.freewebs.com/ychemin/2006_IEEE_TGRS_chemin_honda.pdf]&lt;/ins&gt;, uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER [http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/],  MODIS [http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/]) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO [http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf] and CAM-PEST [http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf], use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Rationale:'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Rationale:'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key grass_wiki:diff:1.41:old-9577:rev-9578:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️Shamim</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9577&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>⚠️Shamim: Created page with ''''Introduction:''' Agricultural activity monitoring, e.g. enclosed quantifying the irrigation scheduling, tracing the soil hydraulic properties, generating the crop calendar etc…'</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_HPC&amp;diff=9577&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-09-18T07:30:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Introduction:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Agricultural activity monitoring, e.g. enclosed quantifying the irrigation scheduling, tracing the soil hydraulic properties, generating the crop calendar etc…&amp;#039;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Introduction:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Agricultural activity monitoring, e.g. enclosed quantifying the irrigation scheduling, tracing the soil hydraulic properties, generating the crop calendar etc., is necessary for efficient food security management at country level. The near real time monitoring or prediction on crop parameters such as crop growth in terms of planting date, date of emergence, extents, acreage, planting intensity, water stress, biomass, yield and etc. is important. It can contribute to better policymaking, timely countermeasures, optimization of water resources distributions, damage assessment and finally to  supply food security and stable market. Researchers of agriculture also try to analyze various information about crops in order to take measures if they had some problems. Particularly, when an on-going experiment covers large area such as a country, satellite imagery plays a vital role by providing useful information over large/provincial area. However, some information, or crop parameters, is not visible through satellite images such as sowing dates, cropping intensity, growth, stress etc., which reflects a practical problem that we can not generate or observe those parameters from remote places. To collect those data, time by time basis field experiments are required. This is a time consuming, complex and expensive procedure. To overcome such problems, crop or simulation models can help. Usually, crop models calculate those missing information by analyzing the crop information with real fields' experiment data. Indirect methods such as inverse modeling with crop model can be used to obtain those basic input parameters. One such method is the manual calibration by &amp;quot;trial and error&amp;quot; procedure, which is very subjective and time consuming, and uncertainty associated with them can not be quantified. A more robust way of inverse modeling is to combine the model and assimilate data with optimization algorithm. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thus, the challenge for the future is to obtain besides the more direct observable data (land cover, leaf area index, digital elevation model and evapotranspiration), non-visible data (soil characteristics, groundwater depth and irrigation practices) from satellite images.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Crop Assimilation Model (CAM):'''&lt;br /&gt;
Crop models, Soil-Water-Air-Plant (SWAP) [http://www.wiz.uni-kassel.de/model_db/mdb/swap.html] or Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) [http://www.icasa.net/dssat/], have capacity to simulate soil, water and crop processes and serve as crop productivity monitoring tool. Crop Assimilation Model (CAM) predicts parameters of crop models with satelite images. A new methodology was developed in [http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/6/49/2002/hess-6-49-2002.html], CAM-GA, to analyze the crop model (SWAP) parameters assimilation with Remote Sensing (RS) data and that parameters assimilation procedure was optimized by an evolutionary searching technique called Genetic Algorithm (GA). Due to the changing in input parameters of SWAP model for pixel-to-pixel basis, the assimilation search space is very large. Evolutionary search algorithms are  performing well in such conditions. Similar works in [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;amp;_udi=B6VCF-4FPJBB4-1&amp;amp;_user=126251&amp;amp;_rdoc=1&amp;amp;_fmt=&amp;amp;_orig=search&amp;amp;_sort=d&amp;amp;_docanchor=&amp;amp;view=c&amp;amp;_searchStrId=1016133229&amp;amp;_rerunOrigin=google&amp;amp;_acct=C000010218&amp;amp;_version=1&amp;amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;amp;_userid=126251&amp;amp;md5=93a7735a8b4bcbfc2bea9cde9bf4e66a] and  [http://www.aars-acrs.org/acrs/proceeding/ACRS2004/Papers/DF204-6.htm] used some remotely sensed information combined with a binary GA [http://www.amazon.com/reader/3540606769?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;ref_=sib%5Fdp%5Fpt#reader-link] and SWAP model for optimizing soil hydraulic parameters. CAM with double layers GA, CAM-DLGA, uses directly visible multi-resolution RS images (ASTER [http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/],  MODIS [http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/]) and inversely assimilates to SWAP model data for estimating the non-visible model parameters. One of the advantages of the GA is that they operate well even in domains, where little information is known. However, the main difficulty on GA is to decide an appropriate set of parameters, such as population size, number of generation, selection rate, crossover probability, and mutation probability. Other models, e.g., CAM-PSO [http://www.igarss08.org/Abstracts/pdfs/2357.pdf] and CAM-PEST [http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2003/msc/wrem/minur_dorji.pdf], use different evolutionary searching technique. They were developed and provided the similar functionality as CAM-GA. However, processing the agricultural information with CAM has a problem in practicality, that is, they require a huge amount of processing times. It becomes necessary to introduce methods for using higher processing power such as High Performance Computing (HPC) technologies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Rationale:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Multi computer based distributed systems (clusters and Grids) have a large processing capacity for a lower cost, naturally, choice turns towards developing HPC applications. However, it is not an easy job to port CAM in HPC environment. The application performance is significantly affected by the data distribution and task distribution methods on the HPC, and developers of agriculture or satellite image processing applications need to solve the problem of both data and task distribution, or how to distribute data and tasks among single or multiple clusters environment. The workload in HPC, the bandwidth, the processors speed, parameters of evaluation methods and data size are additional concerning factors. Moreover, interoperability between the agriculture application and existing RS image processing software is also necessary to improve practicality. However, users need to manually extract satellite data from some databases in the existing CAM works. Some researches separately focused on the agricultural models activities or satellite image processing performance on HPC and a few of them are in the merging domains with satellite image processing, agriculture and HPC. Still, the merging domain researches are mainly in hypothetical or conjectural theme rather than practical implementation. Thus, agricultural researchers require a web based system or tool for the agricultural activity monitoring so that they do not need to concern about the implementation issues for agricultural models or RS image processing on HPC.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Research Objectives:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Thus, the main focus of the research is to propose a new software system to support agriculture activities using both Remote Sensing (RS) and HPC. Processing satellite images automatically through HPC, CAM HPC implementation with appropriate data and task distribution schemes, web portal system on HPC are the vital sectors for modeling the overall distributed agriculture monitoring scheme and require individual experiments. Therefore, the research question is &amp;quot;Does the HPC system help to improve the performance in each sector separately?&amp;quot;. In this study, the performance in HPC system for each sector is successfully examined and experimented with different targeted applications. The applications are being implemented first time in HPC platform and their performance results are quite impressive and acceptable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
GRASS GIS (Geographical Resources Analysis Support System) is a free, open source software/tool and has been used for RS and GIS data analysis and visualization. GRASS module [[&amp;quot;r.vi&amp;quot;]] is used as a test example for experimenting on HPC ([[r.vi.mpi]], [[r.vi.grid]]) [http://www.osgeo.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/view/93]. Moreover, temporally splined procedure such as Local Maximum Fitting (LMF) processing methodology is improved to reduce the processing time by combining the parallelization of data and task distribution together on multi-cluster Grids[http://j-geoinfo.net/Content/Dec2008/p02.html]. CAM-GA, is implemented in grid testbed and  the impact on the performance of parallelization methods is discussed. Additionally, a new CAM called CAM-PLDLGA is proposed and implemented[[http://www.alab.ip.titech.ac.jp/papers/shamim-ICCSA-Jul2009.pdf]]. A CAM-GA web interface with MapServer and PHPMapscripts is implemented. Thereafter, an implementation methodology with Python based Web Processing Service (PyWPS), Embrio Interface and MapServer are discussed for future extension.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Shamim Akhter,&lt;br /&gt;
18-9-2009&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P.S: The complete research, ''Study on High Performance Computing of Crop Parameter Identification with The Grid, PhD dissertation, 2009, Information Processing,Tokyo Institute of Technology'', will be sent upon mail request to Shamim Akhter (shamimakhter@gmail.com).&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>⚠️Shamim</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>