Movies - Revision history

Hamish: /* Encode as animated GIF */

2025-11-04T03:18:36Z

Encode as animated GIF

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:18, 4 November 2025
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	<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	# Imagemagick's `convert` program may do a better job at		# Imagemagick's `convert` program may do a better job at
	# 256 color quantization than NetPBM's ~~<tt>~~ppmquant~~</tt>~~.		# 256 color quantization than NetPBM's `ppmquant`.
	for IMG in ganim*.ppm ; do # convert each frame from PPM to GIF		for IMG in ganim*.ppm ; do # convert each frame from PPM to GIF
	#ppmquant 256 $IMG \| ppmtogif > "`basename $IMG .ppm`.gif"		#ppmquant 256 $IMG \| ppmtogif > "`basename $IMG .ppm`.gif"

Hamish: source -> syntaxhighlight

2025-11-04T03:18:16Z

source -> syntaxhighlight

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:18, 4 November 2025
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	: ''This step is pretty fast, I wouldn't worry about trying to parallelize it.''		: ''This step is pretty fast, I wouldn't worry about trying to parallelize it.''

	<~~source~~ lang="bash">		<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
	for file in *.png ; do		for file in *.png ; do
	pngtopnm $file > `basename $file .png`.ppm		pngtopnm $file > `basename $file .png`.ppm
	done		done
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>
	::or		::or
	<~~source~~ lang="bash">		<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
	for file in *.jpg ; do		for file in *.jpg ; do
	jpegtopnm $file > `basename $file .jpg`.ppm		jpegtopnm $file > `basename $file .jpg`.ppm
	done		done
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>


	Next create a Y4M stream containing a concatenation of the raw PPM frames:		Next create a Y4M stream containing a concatenation of the raw PPM frames:

	<~~source~~ lang="bash">		<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
	cat *.ppm \| ppmtoy4m -F 2:1 > all_frames.y4m		cat *.ppm \| ppmtoy4m -F 2:1 > all_frames.y4m
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	* ''The "-F 2:1" option above sets the frame rate to 2 frames per second.''		* ''The "-F 2:1" option above sets the frame rate to 2 frames per second.''
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	Finally, run the <tt>vpxenc</tt> encoder to create a high quality WebM video:		Finally, run the <tt>vpxenc</tt> encoder to create a high quality WebM video:
	<~~source~~ lang="bash">		<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
	vpxenc all_frames.y4m -o my_movie.webm \		vpxenc all_frames.y4m -o my_movie.webm \
	--passes=2 --threads=4 \		--passes=2 --threads=4 \
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	--static-thresh=0 --drop-frame=0 \		--static-thresh=0 --drop-frame=0 \
	--min-q=0 --max-q=60		--min-q=0 --max-q=60
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	* ''Set "--threads=" in the above command to the number of cores on your CPU. (or one less than the number of cores if you have many)''		* ''Set "--threads=" in the above command to the number of cores on your CPU. (or one less than the number of cores if you have many)''
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	Sample script to export PNGs in GRASS (generates tmean_001.png .. tmean_708.png):		Sample script to export PNGs in GRASS (generates tmean_001.png .. tmean_708.png):

	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	export i=0		export i=0
	for year in `seq 1950 2008` ; do		for year in `seq 1950 2008` ; do
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	done		done
	convert -verbose -delay 20 -loop 0 tmean_*.png tmean_animation.gif		convert -verbose -delay 20 -loop 0 tmean_*.png tmean_animation.gif
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	For presentations using a web browser, you can center the image on a blank white page, turn off any toolbars and go into full screen mode (F11 for Firefox or Chrome). Then Alt-Tab your way to the animation at the appropriate time and nobody knows you are using a web browser.		For presentations using a web browser, you can center the image on a blank white page, turn off any toolbars and go into full screen mode (F11 for Firefox or Chrome). Then Alt-Tab your way to the animation at the appropriate time and nobody knows you are using a web browser.
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	Example HTML for centering image:		Example HTML for centering image:

	<~~source~~ lang="html4strict">		<syntaxhighlight lang="html4strict">
	<HTML>		<HTML>
	<HEAD></HEAD>		<HEAD></HEAD>
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	</BODY>		</BODY>
	</HTML>		</HTML>
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>


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	''Using a shell script''		''Using a shell script''

	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	GRASS_WIDTH=640 GRASS_HEIGHT=500 \		GRASS_WIDTH=640 GRASS_HEIGHT=500 \
	d.mon start=x0		d.mon start=x0
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	d.barscale at=59.8,93.6 tcol=grey		d.barscale at=59.8,93.6 tcol=grey
	done		done
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	===== Animate to files =====		===== Animate to files =====
	''Using [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/manuals/html64_user/pngdriver.html GRASS's PNG driver]''		''Using [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/manuals/html64_user/pngdriver.html GRASS's PNG driver]''

	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	# set up base map		# set up base map
	g.region rast=elevation.dem n=4927830 s=4912980		g.region rast=elevation.dem n=4927830 s=4912980
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	done		done
	\rm base.ppm		\rm base.ppm
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	===== Encode as animated GIF =====		===== Encode as animated GIF =====
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	Advantage: the delay is coded in the animated GIF file and rendered properly e.g. in a Web browser.		Advantage: the delay is coded in the animated GIF file and rendered properly e.g. in a Web browser.

	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	# Imagemagick's `convert` program may do a better job at		# Imagemagick's `convert` program may do a better job at
	# 256 color quantization than NetPBM's <tt>ppmquant</tt>.		# 256 color quantization than NetPBM's <tt>ppmquant</tt>.
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	\rm ganim_0*.gif		\rm ganim_0*.gif
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	'''B) Using ImageMagick's convert and [http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#animate animate]:'''		'''B) Using ImageMagick's convert and [http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#animate animate]:'''
	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	# Generate "film" (create animated GIF, 750 millisec between frames):		# Generate "film" (create animated GIF, 750 millisec between frames):
	convert -delay 75 lst_monthly_avg_film.00*.png lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif		convert -delay 75 lst_monthly_avg_film.00*.png lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif
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	# play animation (delay 500 millisec between frames, pause for 5 seconds at the end)		# play animation (delay 500 millisec between frames, pause for 5 seconds at the end)
	animate -delay 50 -pause 5 lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif		animate -delay 50 -pause 5 lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	===== Encode as animated PNG (MNG) =====		===== Encode as animated PNG (MNG) =====
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	* ''View with [http://www.mplayerhq.hu mplayer] or [http://xanim.polter.net xanim]''		* ''View with [http://www.mplayerhq.hu mplayer] or [http://xanim.polter.net xanim]''

	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	ls ganim_*.ppm > frames.txt		ls ganim_*.ppm > frames.txt
	ppm2fli -g"${GRASS_WIDTH}x${GRASS_HEIGHT}" -O -s 15 frames.txt ganim.fli		ppm2fli -g"${GRASS_WIDTH}x${GRASS_HEIGHT}" -O -s 15 frames.txt ganim.fli
	\rm frames.txt		\rm frames.txt
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	===== Encode as Flash =====		===== Encode as Flash =====
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	* ''View with [http://www.mplayerhq.hu mplayer] or similar''		* ''View with [http://www.mplayerhq.hu mplayer] or similar''

	<~~source~~ lang=bash>		<syntaxhighlight lang=bash>
	# doesn't like GRASS's PPMs, convert to PNG		# doesn't like GRASS's PPMs, convert to PNG
	for IMG in ganim*.ppm ; do		for IMG in ganim*.ppm ; do
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	-ovc "xvid" -xvidencopts "bitrate=1024"		-ovc "xvid" -xvidencopts "bitrate=1024"
	\rm ganim_0*.png		\rm ganim_0*.png
	</~~source~~>		</syntaxhighlight>

	==== Publish your cool videos in this Wiki ====		==== Publish your cool videos in this Wiki ====

Hamish: /* Encode as animated GIF */

2025-11-04T03:06:33Z

Encode as animated GIF

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:06, 4 November 2025
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	'''B) Using ImageMagick's convert and [http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#animate animate]:'''		'''B) Using ImageMagick's convert and [http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#animate animate]:'''
	<source lang=bash>		<source lang=bash>
	# Generate "film" (create animated GIF):		# Generate "film" (create animated GIF, 750 millisec between frames):
	convert lst_monthly_avg_film.00*.png lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif		convert -delay 75 lst_monthly_avg_film.00*.png lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif

	# play animation (delay ~~50millisec~~ between frames, pause for 5 seconds at the end)		# play animation (delay 500 millisec between frames, pause for 5 seconds at the end)
	animate -delay 50 -pause 5 lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif		animate -delay 50 -pause 5 lst_monthly_avg_2002_2012_zoom_film.gif
	</source>		</source>

Hamish: /* Encode as animated GIF */

2025-11-04T03:04:42Z

Encode as animated GIF

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:04, 4 November 2025
Line 264:		Line 264:

	<source lang=bash>		<source lang=bash>
	# Imagemagick's ~~<tt>~~convert~~</tt>~~ program may do a better job at		# Imagemagick's `convert` program may do a better job at
	# 256 color quantization than NetPBM's <tt>ppmquant</tt>.		# 256 color quantization than NetPBM's <tt>ppmquant</tt>.
	for IMG in ganim*.ppm ; do # convert each frame from PPM to GIF		for IMG in ganim*.ppm ; do # convert each frame from PPM to GIF

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Q: How to construct high-quality WebM movies? */ profile issues

2019-09-06T05:39:06Z

Q: How to construct high-quality WebM movies?: profile issues

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:39, 6 September 2019
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	* ''Set "--threads=" in the above command to the number of cores on your CPU. (or one less than the number of cores if you have many)''		* ''Set "--threads=" in the above command to the number of cores on your CPU. (or one less than the number of cores if you have many)''
	* ''If you are encoding to VP8 (and not VP9) consider adding <tt>--token-parts=2</tt>''		* ''If you are encoding to VP8 (and not VP9) consider adding <tt>--token-parts=2</tt>''
			* ''If <tt>vpxenc</tt> complains about "Invalid image format" either add "-S 420jpeg" to the <tt>ppmtoy4m</tt> options or add "--profile=1" to the <tt>vpxenc</tt> options.
	* ''The <tt>vpxenc</tt> program comes from the vpx-tools package.''		* ''The <tt>vpxenc</tt> program comes from the vpx-tools package.''
	* [http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#2-pass-best-quality-vbr-encoding Encoder parameters help page]		* [http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#2-pass-best-quality-vbr-encoding Encoder parameters help page]

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Q: How to construct high-quality WebM movies? */ update for VP9

2019-03-25T06:05:58Z

Q: How to construct high-quality WebM movies?: update for VP9

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:05, 25 March 2019
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	==== Q: How to construct high-quality WebM movies? ====		==== Q: How to construct high-quality WebM movies? ====

	A: {{wikipedia\|WebM}} is the container for the {{wikipedia\|VP8}} ~~codec~~. It approaches H.264 in quality but differs from H.264 in that it is both patent + license free to use. The audio channel, if used, is encoded using the Ogg {{wikipedia\|Vorbis}} codec. Google has been promoting WebM as the standard fallback video format for HTML5 and is moving YouTube content to it. Firefox. Opera, and Google Chrome web browsers support WebM playback out of the box without need for extra plugins~~. A VP9 codec is in development, encoding instructions are expected to be roughly the same as below~~.		A: {{wikipedia\|WebM}} is the container for the {{wikipedia\|VP8}} and {{wikipedia\|VP9}} codecs. VP8 approaches H.264 in quality but differs from H.264 in that it is both patent + license free to use. Likewise, VP9 is an alternative to HEVC/H.265. The audio channel, if used, is encoded using the Ogg {{wikipedia\|Vorbis}} codec for VP8 or Opus codec for VP9. Google has been promoting WebM as the standard fallback video format for HTML5 and is moving YouTube content to it. Firefox. Opera, and Google Chrome web browsers support WebM playback out of the box without need for extra plugins.

	; Encoding:		; Encoding:
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	--minsection-pct=5 --maxsection-pct=800 \		--minsection-pct=5 --maxsection-pct=800 \
	--lag-in-frames=16 --kf-min-dist=0 --kf-max-dist=360 \		--lag-in-frames=16 --kf-min-dist=0 --kf-max-dist=360 \
	~~--token-parts=2~~ --static-thresh=0 --drop-frame=0 \		--static-thresh=0 --drop-frame=0 \
	--min-q=0 --max-q=60		--min-q=0 --max-q=60
	</source>		</source>

	* ''Set "--threads=" in the above command to the number of cores on your CPU. (or one less than the number of cores if you have many)''		* ''Set "--threads=" in the above command to the number of cores on your CPU. (or one less than the number of cores if you have many)''
			* ''If you are encoding to VP8 (and not VP9) consider adding <tt>--token-parts=2</tt>''
	* ''The <tt>vpxenc</tt> program comes from the vpx-tools package.''		* ''The <tt>vpxenc</tt> program comes from the vpx-tools package.''
	* [http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#2-pass-best-quality-vbr-encoding Encoder parameters help page]		* [http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#2-pass-best-quality-vbr-encoding Encoder parameters help page]

Neteler: remove hardcoded version specific urls, use latest version

2018-12-04T10:19:28Z

remove hardcoded version specific urls, use latest version

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:19, 4 December 2018
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	* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})		* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})
	* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.		* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.
	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim\|version=64}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation~~\|version=70~~}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:		: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:
	{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Q: How to animate a time series of raster maps? */ reorder

2014-03-10T05:11:32Z

Q: How to animate a time series of raster maps?: reorder

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:11, 10 March 2014
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	A: Use		A: Use
	* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})		* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})
			* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.
	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:		: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:
	{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

	* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Q: How to animate a time series of raster maps? */ little w

2014-03-10T05:10:59Z

Q: How to animate a time series of raster maps?: little w

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:10, 10 March 2014
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	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[~~WxGUI~~ Animation Tool]]:		: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:
	{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

⚠️HamishBowman: /* Q: How to animate a time series of raster maps? */

2014-03-10T05:10:10Z

Q: How to animate a time series of raster maps?

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:10, 10 March 2014
Line 143:		Line 143:
	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[WxGUI Animation Tool]] ~~and a~~ {{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		: See also the wiki page for the [[WxGUI Animation Tool]]:
			{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

	* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.		* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:19, 4 December 2018
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	* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})		* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})
	* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.		* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.
	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim\|version=64}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation~~\|version=70~~}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:		: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:
	{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:11, 10 March 2014
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	A: Use		A: Use
	* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})		* {{cmd\|d.slide.show}} to view in a GRASS xmon (see {{cmd\|d.mon}})
			* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.
	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:		: See also the wiki page for the [[wxGUI Animation Tool]]:
	{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

	* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:10, 10 March 2014
Line 143:		Line 143:
	* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 6: {{cmd\|xganim}} to view on screen in X-windows (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)		* GRASS GIS 7: {{cmd\|g.gui.animation\|version=70}} to view on screen in wxGUI (with live start/stop/speed controls)
	: See also the wiki page for the [[WxGUI Animation Tool]] ~~and a~~ {{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}		: See also the wiki page for the [[WxGUI Animation Tool]]:
			{{YouTube\|Pi1ESk9iPwk\|YouTube video introduction to the WxGUI Animation Tool}}

	* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.		* {{cmd\|r.out.mpeg}} to save to a MPEG-1 movie.