View source for Compile and Install

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'''Disclaimer''': This page explains how to turn the GRASS GIS source code into an installable binary package ("compilation") for different operating systems. If you just want to get ready-to-use binaries, go [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/ here], otherwise read on...

== How to do compilation and installation of GRASS 6? ==

Here we explain the procedure to compile GRASS from SVN, but it also applies to official GRASS 6 releases.

''For installation of precompiled binary packages, see the main [[Installation Guide]].''

For detailed information on compilation, please see the [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/source/INSTALL INSTALL] file in the source code.

=== Prerequisites ===

==== Extra libraries ====
GRASS needs at least two extra libraries: PROJ and GDAL/OGR

''Note: if you want to have DBMS support in GDAL (subsequently in GRASS) you have to perform the "Optional" steps below as well.''

* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ4] for management of projections (with proj-datumgrid-1.3.zip support)
* Optional: [http://trac.osgeo.org/geos/ GEOS]
* Optional: [http://www.postgresql.org PostgreSQL], [http://www.mysql.org mySQL], [http://www.unixodbc.org unixODBC], [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite] (SQLite is needed for [[QGIS]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL/OGR] for reading and writing various GIS data formats (interoperability)

You have to install these two libraries '''first''' (see below how to get them precompiled for your system).

It is easiest to obtain a prepackaged version of these libraries (e.g., .rpm; .deb) for your particular operating system and run the corresponding package installation (e.g., rpm -Uhv packagename.rpm; apt-get) in a terminal window. Take care to also install the development packages of these libraries (...-devel packages). If there is no prepackage version, then you will have to download the source code (see links above, source code packages usually ends in .tar.gz or .zip) and compile it (you must have a C compiler installed as part of your operating system). The Web sites show the steps to compile the libraries.

Other libraries needed to run GRASS are listed on the {{website|grass64/source/REQUIREMENTS.html|requirements page}}.

To compile, you will also need the respective "-devel" packages.

==== Download GRASS GIS source code ====
Then [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/sources/ download the GRASS GIS source code] of course.

=== Generic Compilation and installation procedure ===

* It is wise that compilation processes are carried out as a normal user: If you want to get the source code in a place where  you do not have write permissions (e.g. in /usr/local/src/) just follow this:
      cd /usr/local/src/ 
      su -c 'mkdir grass6'
      su -c 'chown yourlogin:yourgroup grass6'

Otherwise if you have permissions just continue as a normal user:
      cd /usr/local/src/
      svn checkout ...

* do a code checkout from the SVN source code repository
: checkout the latest GRASS 6.x from SVN (see: {{twiki|DownloadSource}})

* in the grass6 directory, you will find the precious INSTALL file, open it with your favourite pager/editor and read it carefully!

* run configure with parameters to adapt the compile process to your own system. To see what options can be passed to it, run:
 ./configure --help | less 


<!-- The minimum set of configure parameters is 
      ./configure ### -->
It may (!) look like this:
 
      ./configure \
          --with-cxx \
          --with-sqlite \
          --with-postgres-libs=/usr/include/pgsql/libpq \
          --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
          --with-freetype \
          --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
          --with-motif \
          --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj

You may have to explicitly state the path for certain packages (i.e., gdal). The Unix 'locate' command will come in handy for finding the path of the package you need (you may have to run locate as root ex: sudo locate gdal-config).

Please note that the paths mentioned may widely vary due to the distribution used.
See [[Compile_and_Install#Platform_Specific_Notes|Platform Specific Notes]] below.

Depending on your needs it may be a good idea to include debugging hooks.
: See [[GRASS_Debugging#Compile_Time_Setup]].
 CFLAGS="-ggdb -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration" ./configure ...


At the end of configuration process you should get report not much different from this:

GRASS is now configured for:  i686-pc-linux-gnu
 
 Source directory:            /usr/src/grass6
 Build directory:             /usr/src/grass6
 Installation directory:      /usr/local/grass-6.3.svn
 Startup script in directory: ${exec_prefix}/bin
 C compiler:                  gcc -g -O2 
 C++ compiler:                c++ -g -O2
 FORTRAN compiler:            
 Building shared libraries:   yes
 64bit support:               no
 
  NVIZ:                       yes
 
  BLAS support:               no
  C++ support:                yes
  DWG support:                no
  FFMPEG support:             no
  FFTW support:               yes
  FreeType support:           yes
  GDAL support:               yes
  GLw support:                no
  LAPACK support:             no
  Large File Support (LFS):   no
  Motif support:              no
  MySQL support:              no
  NLS support:                no
  ODBC support:               no
  OGR support:                yes
  OpenGL(R) support:          yes
  PNG support:                yes
  PostgreSQL support:         yes
  Readline support:           no
  SQLite support:             no
  Tcl/Tk support:             yes
  TIFF support:               yes
  X11 support:                yes
  
* Let's compile it (takes a little while...)!
      make
* At the end, you should get report not much different from this:
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Following modules are missing the 'description.html' file in src code:
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 GRASS GIS compilation log
 -------------------------
 Started compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:18:43 CEST 2006
 --
 Errors in:
 --
 Finished compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:43:40 CEST 2006
 (In case of errors please change into the directory with error and run 'make')

* If there is any error, change directory to directory with error and run "make" again. Report occuring bug to grass mailing list
* Once the installation process is finished, you're ready to install GRASS system wide.
      su -c 'make install'
* enjoy GRASS: 
      grass64

=== What else? ===

If you want to use [http://www.qgis.org QGIS], then also compile the GRASS-GDAL/OGR plugin. This is also useful to access your GRASS-data
from other application using GDAL/OGR like [http://thuban.intevation.de thuban].
* [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]] (enables QGIS to read GRASS data directly)

=== Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin ===

* See [[Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin]]

=== Platform Specific Notes ===

==== Linux ====

===== Debian =====

Read the instructions here:
: http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/browser/grass/branches/develbranch_6/debian/README.debian

   # first install PROJ, GDAL, etc.
   cd grass64/
   # follow instructions in debian/README.debian
   fakeroot buildpackage

* Official [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianGis DebianGIS] packaging [http://svn.debian.org/viewsvn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/ control files], also accessible via svn:

  svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/trunk/

or

  svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/branches/<GRASS Version>

====== GRASS 6.1 on Debian Sarge ======

* [http://hamish.bowman.googlepages.com/debiangisfiles#compile Compiling GRASS 6.1-CVS on Debian/OldStable (aka 3.1, Sarge)]

====== GRASS 6.4 on Debian Lenny ======

Install needed packages:
  apt-get install flex bison libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev lesstif2-dev debhelper dpatch libtiff4-dev \
          tcl-dev tk-dev libfftw3-dev libxmu-dev libfreetype6-dev autoconf2.13 autotools-dev doxygen \
          libmysqlclient15-dev graphviz libsqlite3-dev python-wxgtk2.8 libcairo2-dev libwxgtk2.8-dev \
          python-dev libgdal1-dev  libgdal1-1.5.0 libproj-dev libproj0 proj-data mysql

Configure:
  ./configure \
  --with-cxx \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \
  --with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \
  --with-odbc \
  --with-cairo \
  --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
  --with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4/ \
  --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
  --with-motif --with-fftw --with-nls --with-python

Compile:
  make

Install:
  sudo make install

====== GRASS 7 on Debian Squeeze ======

Install needed packages:
 apt-get install flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 autotools-dev python-dev \
     g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev libfreetype6-dev \
     libgdal1-1.6.0 libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev \
     libncurses5-dev libproj-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libtiff4-dev \
     libwxgtk2.8-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev mesa-common-dev \
     proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk2.8 subversion wx-common zlib1g-dev

Download source code:

 svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk

Configure:

 CFLAGS="-g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" \
 CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall"  \
  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local \
  --with-gdal --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \
  --with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \
  --without-tcltk \
  --with-cxx \
  --enable-largefile \
  --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python2.6-config --with-wxwidgets \
  --with-geos --with-pthread

Compile:
  make

Install:
  sudo make install

===== Ubuntu =====

''The above Debian notes will probably work with Ubuntu as well.''

A more  [[Compile_and_Install_Ubuntu | specific page]] towards Ubuntu is being written on.

====== Ubuntu 6.06, 7.10 ======

* [http://david.p.finlayson.googlepages.com/makegrass.sh makegrass.sh] is script designed to automate most of the download, configuration and compilation of GRASS 6.x-CVS
** it is advised use [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CheckInstall checkinstall] (''sudo apt-get install checkinstall'') instead of ''make install'' to keep track of installed software 
** Think twice before using this script. Some users experienced problems such as disabled XGL etc.
* [[User:Steko/Automated_CVS_compiling|Here]] is another of these scripts, it's homemade so probably you'll find the above more useful for production sites.

====== Ubuntu 7.10 64-bit ======

* Compiling latest GRASS source code on a 64-bit machine (with an ATI graphic card) under Ubuntu 7.10 64-bit with support for: 64-bit, SQLite, OpenGL, PYTHON, FFMPEG
(Based on "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS - GRASS 6.1 Compilation Script" by David Finlayson)
''Assuming it is the first time attempting to compile GRASS' source code & installing SVN, PROJ, GDAL/OGR''

'''Preparation'''
 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

* install dependencies for compiling (in general) and dependencies for GRASS: PROJ, GDAL/OGR
 sudo apt-get install grass build-essential flex bison libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev \
 libgdal1-dev libtiff4-dev libgcc1 libpng12-dev tcl8.4-dev tk8.4-dev fftw3-dev \
 libfreetype6-dev libavcodec-dev libxmu-dev gdal-bin libreadline5 libreadline5-dev \
 make python-dev python-wxversion

* install SQLite
 sudo apt-get install sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev

* install SVN
 sudo apt-get install subversion

* create a directory as a simple user where source code(s) are going to be stored (in our example we use a directory called '''src''' under '''/usr/local''')

 sudo mkdir /usr/local/src

* grant rwx (read-write-execute) permissions for our userid/ groupid on the directory (replace words userid and groupid with real userid):
 sudo chown ''userid'':''groupid'' /usr/local/src

 sudo chmod ug+rwx /usr/local/src

* download latest source code from GRASS SVN repository in a directory on the system (e.g. /usr/local/src)
 svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk

* Above command places GRASS' source code in '''/usr/local/src/grass_trunk'''. In case of a subsequent update use the command: '''svn up''' from within the grass_trunk directory

----
'''Before''' attempting to compile GRASS, READ section (C) in the '''INSTALL''' file located in the main directory of GRASS source code entitled:
'''(C) COMPILATION NOTES for 64bit platforms'''
----

* installing FFTW3 if not already on system
 sudo apt-get install fftw3 fftw3-dev

'''FFMPEG'''

Note: Back in Ubuntu 7.10, installing ffmpeg through the repositories wouldn't work with grass. The following steps were successfully used.

* install FFMPEG (information taken from: http://stream0.org/2008/01/install-ffmpeg-on-ubuntu-gutsy.html)
* download source code with svn
 svn checkout svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg

* install dependencies
 sudo apt-get install liblame-dev libfaad2-dev libfaac-dev libxvidcore4-dev \
      liba52-0.7.4 liba52-0.7.4-dev libx264-dev libdts-dev checkinstall \
      build-essential subversion

* guide to ffmpeg directory
 cd ffmpeg

if necessary: '''make distclean''' before configuration (look at notes below)

* configuration ('''note:''' the configuration parameter "'''--enable-pp'''" does not work anymore)
 # configure FFMPEG
 ./configure --enable-gpl --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora \
             --enable-liba52 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libgsm \
             --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaac \
             --enable-libxvid --enable-pthreads --enable-libx264 \
             --enable-shared

* compilation
 make

* installation on /usr/local/bin -- important to remember when configuring GRASS' source code for compilation
 sudo checkinstall

'''Go for GRASS!'''
* in our example we used the /usr/local/src directory to store GRASS' source code, so:
 cd /usr/local/src/grass_trunk

* configuration
  CFLAGS="-g -Wall" ./configure --enable-64bit \
        --with-libs=/usr/lib64 --with-cxx --with-freetype=yes \
        --with-postgres=no --with-sqlite=yes --enable-largefile=yes \
        --with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4 \
        --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
        --with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL --with-readline \
        --with-python=yes --with-ffmpeg=yes \
        --with-ffmpeg-includes=/usr/local/include/ffmpeg

*if OpenGL fails then maybe it is necessary to link '''glxATI.h''' with '''glx.h''' and re-run the configuration

 cd /usr/include/GL

 sudo ln glxATI.h glx.h

* compilation
 make

* compilation is expected to end with a statement similar to the following:

 Started compilation: Wed Feb 27 00:24:36 CET 2008
 --
 Errors in:
 No errors detected.

* installation
 sudo checkinstall

* launch 64-bit GRASS.6.4.svn
 grass64

'''Notes'''
* in case of errors in future compilation attempts, remember to remove program binaries with
 make clean
* and the files created with the "configuration" from previous compilations with
 make distclean

====== Ubuntu 8.04 and above ======

* See [[Compile and Install Ubuntu‎]]

===== Mandriva =====

Installation of dependencies (urpmi will ask you a few more):

'''Mandriva 2009:''' (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit)
  # as root
    urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
          mesagl1-devel mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
          lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
          lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
    exit

'''Mandriva 2010:''' (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit) - see also [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/grass/current/SPECS/ SPEC] file
  # as root
    # installation of PROJ and GDAL
    urpmi proj proj-devel gdal gdal-devel gcc-gfortran lib64openssl1.0.0 \
          lib64openssl1.0.0-devel postgresql8.4-devel lib64pq8.4
 
    # installation of compilation environment
    urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
          lib64mesagl1-devel lib64mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
          lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
          lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
    exit

Then, to configure GRASS, run (64 bit stuff optional of course):
  #  as user
  ./configure \
    --enable-64bit --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \
    --with-cxx \
    --with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \
    --with-sqlite \
    --with-nls \
    --with-python \
    --with-wxwidgets=/usr/lib/wxPython/bin/wx-config \
    --with-fftw \
    --with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/libav* /usr/include/libpostproc /usr/include/libswscale" \
    --with-motif \
    --with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64 \
    --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
    --enable-largefile

   # compilation (use -j2 ior -j4 parameter on multi-core CPUs to accelerate):   
    make

Installation:
    su
    # this will install into /usr/local/
    make install
    exit

===== CentOS =====


Note: CentOS 5 comes with Python 2.4 which lacks python-config, hence two extra tweaks are needed.

Preparation:
  yum install flex bison zlib-devel  tcl-devel tk-devel gcc-c++ gettext \
              libtiff-devel libpng-devel sqlite-devel \
              mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel mesa-libGLw-devel \
              mesa-libOSMesa-devel libXmu-devel python-devel gtk2-devel\
              ncurses-devel postgresql-devel


Compile and install [http://proj.osgeo.org PROJ4]:

 # get source code and unpack:
 wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-4.7.0.tar.gz
 tar xvfz proj-4.7.0.tar.gz 
 rm -f proj-4.7.0.tar.gz 
 cd proj-4.7.0/
 
 # get and install datum files into right directory:
 cd nad/
 wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip
 unzip proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip
 rm -f proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip
 cd ..
 
 # configure and compile
 sh configure
 make -j4
 
 # install (may require "root" permissions, use "su"):
 make install

Compile and install [http://www.gdal.org GDAL]:
 # get source code and unpack:
 wget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/gdal-1.6.3.tar.gz
 tar xvfz gdal-1.6.3.tar.gz 
 rm -f gdal-1.6.3.tar.gz 
 cd gdal-1.6.3/
 
 # configure and compile
 sh configure
 make -j4
 
 # install (may require "root" permissions, use "su"):
 make install
 
 # add /usr/local/lib/ to LD_LIBRARY_PATH, requires "root" permissions:
 su - 
 echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/gdal.conf
 ldconfig
 exit
 
 # test installation by running
 gdalinfo


GRASS 7 compilation and installation, here 64bit example:

1. Download wxGTP and wxPython:

  wget http://packages.sw.be/wxPython/wxPython-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
  wget http://packages.sw.be/wxPython/wxPython-devel-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
  wget http://packages.sw.be/wxGTK/wxGTK-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
  wget http://packages.sw.be/wxGTK/wxGTK-devel-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
 
  # Install:
  rpm -Uhv wxPython-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wxPython-devel-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm \
           wxGTK-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wxGTK-devel-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
 
2. Also required is the python library python-dateutil. As root user run:
   
   yum install python-dateutil  

3. [http://grass.osgeo.org/download/ Download] and configure GRASS 7 (suggestion: save this as script). Note that [http://proj.osgeo.org PROJ4] and [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] must be compiled first:

 ./configure \
  --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \
  --with-cxx \
  --without-ffmpeg \
  --with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \
  --without-odbc \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-postgres \
  --without-mysql \
  --with-nls \
  --with-python \
  --with-cairo \
  --with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
  --without-fftw \
  --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
  --enable-largefile \
  --with-pthread

4. Add manually the path to the python include directory since python-config isn't there:

   # edit include/Make/Platform.make
   # and add manually the line
 
   PYTHONINC           = -I/usr/include/python2.4



5. Compile
    make
   or on multicore (number depends of available cores):
    make -j4

6. Either install with "make install" (as root user) or run directly from compile directory (substitute ARCH with i586 or x86_64):

    bin.$ARCH/grass70 -wx

===== Gentoo =====

See http://gentoo-portage.com/sci-geosciences/grass

===== Fedora =====

'''Preparation''' for the compilation of GRASS GIS source code (F16, F17, F18):

  yum install proj-devel gdal-devel sqlite-devel ffmpeg-devel mesa-libGL-devel \
              mesa-libGLU-devel libXmu-devel libX11-devel tcl-devel tk-devel \
              fftw-devel libtiff-devel lesstif-devel python-devel numpy wxPython wxGTK-devel \
              gcc gcc-c++ bison flex ncurses-devel proj-epsg proj-nad xml2 python-dateutil

''Note 1: that currently gdal-devel has (too) many dependencies and will lead to a massive download of extra packages (200 on a fresh Fedora 16 install).''

''Note 2: the optional ffmpeg-devel comes from the rpmfusion-free repository ([http://rpmfusion.org/Configuration/ configuration]).''

This is an example how to '''configure''' the source code on a Fedora system:

  ./configure \
   --with-cxx \
   --with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
   --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
   --with-sqlite \
   --with-nls \
   --with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \
   --with-fftw \
   --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \
   --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
   --enable-largefile \
   --without-odbc

An effective (but not fast) way of getting dependencies is to decide what to enable in the configuration, and then run ./config and see which files are missing. The package providing it can be found via:

 yum provides */<name of the file>

and then install them with your favourite package manager frontend or yum itself.


Finally '''compile''' the configured source code:
    make
   or on multicore (number depends of available cores):
    make -j4

If you want also '''FFMPEG''' support:

It requires 'yum install fftw-devel'. Then add to the configuration:

     --with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/ffmpeg /usr/include/ffmpeg/libav* /usr/include/ffmpeg/libpostproc /usr/include/ffmpeg/libswscale" \

===== openSUSE =====

To build GRASS on openSUSE:

RPM packages to be installed:
<source lang="bash">
 sudo zypper install bison flex freetype2-devel fftw3-devel gcc-c++ \
   libgdal-devel libgeos-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel \
   man proj libproj-devel readline-devel netcdf-devel ncurses-devel \
   mysql-devel postgresql-devel sqlite-devel unixODBC-devel \
   tcl-devel tk-devel xorg-x11-Mesa-devel libXmu-devel \
   python-numpy python-dateutil python-devel python-opengl \
   python-wxWidgets python-xml python-dateutil wxWidgets-devel \
   zlib-devel
</source>

Source code configuration:
<source lang="bash">
 ./configure \
 	--enable-largefile \
	--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
	--with-cxx \
	--with-lapack=yes \
	--with-x \
	--with-motif \
	--with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
	--with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
	--with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
	--with-fftw \
	--with-readline \
	--with-netcdf \
	--with-curses \
	--with-geos \
	--with-nls \
	--with-sqlite \
	--with-freetype \
	--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
	--with-wxwidgets \
	--with-odbc \
	--with-python
</source>

Then compile with "make [-j2]".

===== RPM SPEC files =====
* ... can be found in the source code, rpm/ directory, 
* or [https://build.opensuse.org/package/show?package=grass&project=Application%3AGeo OpenSuSe]
* or [https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/acls/name/grass Fedora]
* or [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/grass/ Mandriva] (there are also [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/proj/ proj4], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/geos/ geos], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/gdal/ gdal], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/gdal-grass/ gdal-grass-plugin], [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/qgis/ qgis] etc)

===== Zaurus =====

... see [http://wiki.debian.org/?GrassGISonZaurus here] for instructions

==== Mac OSX ====

* see the source/macosx readme
* also see [[Compiling on MacOSX]]
* some notes on [[Packaging on MacOSX]]
* Download [http://www.kyngchaos.com/software/frameworks#build_scripts build scripts]

==== FreeBSD / NetBSD ====

The recommended compiler tools are GCC, GNU make, GNU coreutils (for install), and flex. All are available through the respective package managing tools (pkg_add for FreeBSD and pkgin install for NetBSD) and for recent *BSD versions most likely installed by default.

GRASS 6.x and GRASS 7 should compile on FreeBSD 8.0 or later and NetBSD 5.0 or later (maybe also on updated NetBSD 4.x).

It is highly recommended to install GDAL/OGR and PROJ4 first. These libraries and tools are available as [http://www.freebsd.org/ports/ ports for FreeBSD] and [http://www.pkgsrc.org/ packages for NetBSD].

Optional functionality is listed with ''./configure --help'', and related libraries and tools might need to be installed first.

==== Solaris ====

* ''2008 Oct 15'': see [http://lists.osgeo.org/pipermail/grass-user/2008-October/047093.html this post on the grass mailing list]

===== 11 SPARC/i86pc =====

The recommended compiler tools are GCC, GNU make, GNU coreutils (for install), and flex. All are available through the Solaris package manager.

Most dependencies are available through the Solaris package manager. GDAL and proj4 can either be compiled from source or installed e.g. from [http://www.opencsw.org/ OpenCSW]. If packages are installed from OpenCSW, the linker flags need to be set with

      LDFLAGS="-R/opt/csw/gxx/lib -R/opt/csw/lib"

See also the [http://www.opencsw.org/use-it/ OpenCSW documentation].

===== 10 SPARC/i86pc =====

* get gcc compiler and tools. There are several sources: Solaris Companion CD (SFW pkg, installs in /opt/sfw/), Blastwave ([http://www.blastwave.org], CSW pkg, installs in /opt/csw/) or Sunfreeware ([http://www.sunfreeware.com], SMC pkg, installs in /usr/local/). 
Needed Packages from Sunfreeware: SMCbinut, SMCbison, SMCcoreu, SMCfindu, SMCflex, SMCgawk, SMCgcc, SMCgrep, SMCgzip, SMCless, SMClibt, SMClicon, SMCmake, SMCncurs, SMCproj, SMCsed, SMCtar, SMCtcl, SMCtiff, SMCtk, SMCunzip, SMCzlib. 

* compile and install fftw-library ([http://www.fftw.org]). You need to re-compile the library with: 

      ./configure --with-pic --enable-shared; make ; make install. 

The pre-built packages don't work. 

* compile and install gdal library (see documentation of gdal, [http://www.gdal.org]).

* compile and install any additional libraries (e. g. GEOS, [http://geos.refractions.net]). 

* set compiler flags and path. e. g.: 

      # on ultra-sparc machine:
      CFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
      CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
      PATH="/usr/local/bin:/opt/sfw/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin"
      export CFLAGS CXXFLAGS PATH

Path has to be changed for the packages (Sunfreeware: /usr/local/bin, Solaris Companion: /opt/sfw/bin, Blastwave: /opt/csw/bin). 

* Next configure, e. g.: 

      ./configure --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql/ \
      --with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib --with-postgres=yes \
      --with-includes=/usr/local/include/ncurses

If you use n(ew)curses, you have to include the path /usr/local/include/ncurses. 

then:

      make
      su
      make install

If the shared libraries are not found at runtime of the modules, use 'crle' to add the paths of the libraries for the dynamic linker, e. g. as root:

      crle -l /lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/opt/sfw/lib:/usr/X11/lib

Be careful not to omit a library path, the system may be unusable if you forget the /lib path.

==== AIX ====

A recent [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81) and GNU coreutils are required. These are available with the [http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/power/software/aix/linux/toolbox/download.html IBM AIX toolbox] or through third-party AIX software repositories, e.g. [http://www.bullfreeware.com/ bullfreeware] and [http://www.perzl.org/aix/ perzl.org]. Note that 'make' does not work, only 'gmake' works. 

General instructions to compile on AIX are e.g. [http://www.perzl.org/aix/index.php?n=Main.Instructions here]

'''GRASS 6: Using the IBM xlc compiler:'''
* ''see [http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.gis.grass.user/32667 this mailing list thread]''

Mike wrote in 2009:

After attempting all the suggestions, I finally used
--disable-shared on the configure command, and all but
a handful of modules successfully compiled. I was able to
individually address the ones that failed through Makefile
edits and several small source code/header file edits.

The environment variables and configure command that worked were:
<pre>
# xlc compiler:
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/opt/freeware/bin:$PATH
export OBJECT_MODE=64
export LIBICONV=/opt/freeware
export CC="xlc_r -q64"
export CFLAGS="-O -qstrict"
export CXX="xlC_r -q64"
export CXXFLAGS="-O -qstrict"
export AR="ar -X64"
export F77="xlf_r -q64"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/afs/isis/pkg/libpng/include -I/usr/local/include -I$LIBICONV/include -I/usr/lpp/X11/include/X11"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -L$LIBICONV/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lc"

./configure --prefix=/afs/isis/pkg/grass-6.4.0 \
  --enable-64bit \
  --disable-shared \
  --with-includes="/usr/include/fontconfig /usr/include/X11 /usr/include/X11/Xft /usr/include/X11/ext" \
  --x-includes=/usr/include/X11 \
  --x-libraries=/usr/X11R6/lib \
  --with-fftw-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/include \
  --with-fftw-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/lib \
  --with-gdal=/afs/isis/pkg/gdal/bin/gdal-config \
  --with-proj-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/include \
  --with-proj-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/lib \
  --with-proj-share=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/share/proj \
  --with-tcltk-includes=/usr/local/include \
  --with-tcltk-libs=/usr/local/lib \
  --with-opengl-includes=/usr/include/GL
</pre>

'''GRASS 7: Using the IBM xlc compiler:'''

Get and install (in this order):
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/ GNU tar]
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81)
* [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite]
* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ.4] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ GRASS 7]

The environment variables and configure command that worked (variables also for GDAL compilation):
<pre>
export LIBICONV=/opt/freeware
PREFIX=$HOME/private/bin

./configure \
  --prefix=$PREFIX \
  --disable-shared \
  --enable-largefile \
  --with-cxx \
  --with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
  --with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
  --with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
  --with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
  --with-tiff=no \
  --with-png=no \
  --with-fftw=no \
  --with-cairo=no \
  --with-freetype=no
</pre>

'''GRASS 7: Using the GNU gcc compiler:'''

Get and install (in this order):
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/ GNU tar]
* [ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ GNU make] (>= 3.81)
* [http://www.sqlite.org SQLite]
* [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/ PROJ.4] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://www.gdal.org GDAL] (for ./configure parameters, see [[Talk:Compile and Install|here]])
* [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/snapshot/ GRASS 7]

The environment variables and configure command that worked (variables also for GDAL compilation):
<pre>
export LIBICONV=/opt/freeware
export CC="gcc"
export CXX="g++"
PREFIX=$HOME/private/bin

CFLAGS='-ansi -D_ALL_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_SOURCE=1 -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -Dinline=' ./configure \
  --prefix=$PREFIX \
  --disable-shared \
  --enable-largefile \
  --with-cxx \
  --with-proj-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
  --with-proj-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
  --with-proj-share=$PREFIX/share/proj/ \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-sqlite-includes=$PREFIX/include/ \
  --with-sqlite-libs=$PREFIX/lib/ \
  --with-tiff=no \
  --with-png=no \
  --with-fftw=no \
  --with-cairo=no \
  --with-freetype=no
</pre>

==== MS-Windows ====

===== MS-Windows/Cygwin =====

* See the [[Cygwin]] wiki pages

===== MS-Windows/native =====

====== Compile ======

* [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/CompileOnWindows GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide] (GRASS 6.4.x)
* <strike>[http://www.webalice.it/marco.pasetti/grass/BuildFromSource.html GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide] (GRASS 6.3.x) </strike>
* See/adapt [http://blog.qgis.org/node/124 idea] for unattended install of QGIS (et al) from [http://trac.osgeo.org/osgeo4w/ OSGeo4W] from the QuantumGIS Blog.

See also [[WinGRASS Current Status]] for latest updates.

=== Common problems and solutions ===

During compilation, error can occur if certain packages are not installed. Here a list of problems with solution:

* error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory
** this suggests that you don't have the X headers installed
** Solution: Install the libx11-dev package

* error:  g.list: error while loading shared libraries: libgdal1.6.0.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
** this error appears in the shell right after the user clicks GUI's "Start GRASS" button. The GUI shows an error about geographic extent and gets closed afterwards.
** It happens when you launch bin.i686 executable on 64bit system. Be careful and choose the right architecture.


=== Static compilation ===

In order to get static rather than dynamically linked binaries, configure like this:

  ./configure --disable-shared --enable-static

This will however break the wxGUI and GRASS 7 completely because "ctypes" wants to link against shared libs, or there is something in the static libs that "ctypes" does not like.

=== Optimization ===

GCC and other compilers support [http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.3.3/gcc/Optimize-Options.html#Optimize-Options optimization]

If you would like to set compiler optimisations, for a possibly faster binary, type (don't enter a ";" anywhere):

        CFLAGS=-O ./configure
or,
        setenv CFLAGS -O
        ./configure

whichever works on your shell. Use -O2 instead of -O if your compiler supports this (note: O is the letter, not zero). Using the "gcc" compiler, you can also specify processor specific flags (examples, please suggest better settings to us):

  CFLAGS="-mcpu=athlon -O2" # AMD Athlon processor with code optimisations
  CFLAGS="-march=amdfam10"  # AMD Phenom II X4 64bit processor with gcc >=4.3
  CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium"    # Intel Pentium processor
  CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium4"   # Intel Pentium4 processor
  CFLAGS="-O2 -msse -msse2 -mfpmath=sse -minline-all-stringops" # Intel XEON 64bit processor
  CFLAGS="-mtune=nocona -m64 -minline-all-stringops"            # Intel Pentium 64bit processor


To find out optional CFLAGS for your platform, enter:
  gcc -dumpspecs

See also: http://gcc.gnu.org/

A real fast GRASS version (and small binaries) will be created with LDFLAGS set to "stripping" (but this disables debugging):

  CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=<cpu_see_above> -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure

=== Configure options and their meanings ===

For configure there are many options and some GRASS modules are built only if some options are set. Here are listed common configuration options with short explanation.

* --prefix=/path - Sets path where GRASS will be installed. GRASS will reside in /path/grass-version.
* --enable-largefile - Enables large (>2Gb on 32bit systems) support. For current large file support status look at [[Large File Support]] page.
* --with-cxx - Enables compilation of C++ code. Required for r.terraflow module.
* --with-readline - Enables readline support. If readline is enabled, you can use its history/editing facilities when entering r.mapcalc expressions on stdin.
* --with-glw - Enables GLw support. The GLw library provides OpenGL "canvas" widgets for Athena and Motif. 
 
 That switch is unnecessary for normal compilation. It's only
 required for r3.showdspf, which isn't normally built; if you 
 want it, you have build it manually 
 (e.g. "make -C raster3d/r3.showdspf").
 As similar functionality is now provided by NVIZ, r3.showdspf
 is deprecated.
 r3.showdspf uses the Motif widget (so you also need a 
 Motif library, e.g. Lesstif or OpenMotif).
 [http://grass.itc.it/pipermail/grassuser/2006-December/037475.html Glynn Clements at GRASS-user mailing list]

=== Parallelized compilation on multi-core CPUs ===

You can dramatically accelerate the compilation of the GRASS code with the -j flag of "make" if you have a multi-core CPU system. This determines the maximum number of jobs to have running at once, so cores don't have to sit idle waiting for jobs on other cores to complete. A good rule of thumb for this value is <tt>number_of_cores * 1.5</tt>, but note that setting any higher than the actual number of cores will only affect the timing slightly. For example, on a dual-core processor:
  make -j 4

<!-- CFLAGS="-pipe" doesn't seem to help much -->

== GRASS-GDAL plugin ==

* see [[Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin]]

== Addons ==

=== Compiled C modules ===

'''Requirements:'''

Either:
* a binary GRASS package, or
* source code which has been prepared with:
    ./configure [opionally flags]
    make libs

Each of the [[GRASS_AddOns|addon]] modules should come with a Makefile. To compile it, just run:
    make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/

If using Bash it may be useful to set that up as an alias:
    alias gmake64='make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/'

Installation (perhaps requires "sudo"):
    make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/ install

Note: Compiled addons may require a re-compilation if you changed/updated your GRASS standard binaries.

==== If binary comes with a -dev package ====

''(work in progress, this text states how it eventually will be :)''
Nowadays one does not need to the source code, nor compiling GRASS by oneself to be able to add add-ons. On Debian, you can just install the grass-dev package and then run:
 make MODULE_TOPDIR=/usr/lib/grass64/ INST_DIR=/usr/lib/grass64/

The grass-dev package essentially provides GRASS's <tt>include</tt> header files and Make configuration files.

=== Scripts ===

If the addon module is a script, it is sufficient to copy it into the (GRASS binaries) path somewhere. Alternatively, install addons into a separate GRASS addons binaries/scripts directory which is easier to maintain. It avoids getting clobbered every time you reinstall GRASS. To use these separately stored scripts, set and export the GRASS_ADDON_PATH environment variable before starting GRASS and it will automatically be added to the module search path (see the {{cmd|variables}} help page). To simplify this, do for example:

 # add in $HOME/.bashrc:
 GRASS_ADDON_PATH=/usr/local/grass/addons/
 export GRASS_ADDON_PATH

Make sure that the script is executable, then just call it in GRASS typing the filename. Python scripts need to be called writing the extension as well, like:
 
 GRASS 6.5.svn (spearfish60):~ > v.krige.py

[[Category:Development]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
[[Category:Installation]]