View source for Compile and Install Ubuntu

<div class="boilerplate metadata" id="attention" style="-moz-border-radius:30px; border: 1px double #35824B; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 1em; background-color: #f9f9f9;">
<p style="font-size: 150%; text-align: left;"><span style="color:#35824B">'''Attention'''</span>&nbsp;</p><span style="color:#333333">'''The following instructions describe the compilation and installation of 7.x and its required dependencies completely from the source on Ubuntu based systems. Please, prefer pre-compiled packages over the manual way described below unless you know ''what'' and ''how'', you want to learn and help testing.'''</span>
</div>

== Quick instructions ==

These instructions should work fine on Ubuntu distributions:

=== Install geospatial dependencies ===

1. Install some dependencies (PROJ, GEOS, GDAL libraries) and the compiler tools <br />
(note: for GRASS GIS 7.8+ you need Python 3!)

<source lang="bash">
# be sure to have an updated system
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y

# install PROJ
sudo apt-get install libproj-dev proj-data proj-bin unzip -y

</source>
<del># optionally, install (selected) datum grid files</del><br />
<del># Future: The proj-datumgrid packages have been deprecated with PROJ 7.0.0+</del><br />
<del>cd /tmp</del><br />
<del>wget -c https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-world-latest.zip</del><br />
<del>wget -c https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-oceania-latest.zip</del><br />
<del>wget -c https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-north-america-latest.zip</del><br />
<del>wget -c https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-europe-latest.zip</del><br />
<del># unpack and remove zip files</del><br />
<del>cd /usr/share/proj/</del><br />
<del>for datumfile in $(ls /tmp/proj-datumgrid-*-latest.zip) ; do</del><br />
<del>  sudo unzip $datumfile && rm -f $datumfile</del><br />
<del>done</del><br />

<source lang="bash">
# optionally, install (selected) datum grid files
sudo apt-get install proj-data

# install GEOS
sudo apt-get install libgeos-dev -y

# install GDAL
sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev python3-gdal gdal-bin -y

# install PDAL (optional)
sudo apt-get install libpdal-dev pdal libpdal-plugin-python -y

# recommended to give Python3 precedence over Python2 (which is end-of-life since 2019)
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 1
</source>

Install compiler stuff and further dependencies.
Note: this is a single command, please copy-paste it entirely into the terminal:

=== Install further compilation dependencies (Ubuntu 19.04) ===

For Ubuntu 19.04
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install \
  build-essential \
  flex make bison gcc libgcc1 g++ ccache \
  python3 python3-dev \
  python3-opengl \
  python-wxversion python-wxtools python-wxgtk3.0 python3-wxgtk4.0 \
  python3-dateutil libgsl-dev python3-numpy \
  wx3.0-headers wx-common libwxgtk3.0-dev \
  libwxbase3.0-dev   \
  libncurses5-dev \
  libbz2-dev \
  zlib1g-dev gettext \
  libtiff5-dev libpnglite-dev \
  libcairo2 libcairo2-dev \
  sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev \
  libpq-dev \
  libreadline6-dev libfreetype6-dev \
  libfftw3-3 libfftw3-dev \
  libboost-thread-dev libboost-program-options-dev liblas-c-dev \
  subversion libzstd-dev \
  checkinstall \
  libglu1-mesa-dev libxmu-dev \
  ghostscript wget -y
</source>

This are optional video codec libraries for NVIZ video output for Ubuntu 19.04:
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install \
  libav-tools libavutil-dev ffmpeg2theora \
  libffmpegthumbnailer-dev \
  libavcodec-dev \
  libxmu-dev \
  libavformat-dev libswscale-dev 
</source>

=== Install further compilation dependencies (Ubuntu 20.04) ===

For Ubuntu 20.04:
<source lang="bash">
 sudo apt-get install \
  build-essential \
  flex make bison gcc libgcc1 g++ ccache \
  python3 python3-dev \
  python3-opengl python3-wxgtk4.0 \
  python3-dateutil libgsl-dev python3-numpy \
  wx3.0-headers wx-common libwxgtk3.0-gtk3-dev \
  libwxbase3.0-dev   \
  libncurses5-dev \
  libbz2-dev \
  zlib1g-dev gettext \
  libtiff5-dev libpnglite-dev \
  libcairo2 libcairo2-dev \
  sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev \
  libpq-dev \
  libreadline6-dev libfreetype6-dev \
  libfftw3-3 libfftw3-dev \
  libboost-thread-dev libboost-program-options-dev  libpdal-dev\
  subversion libzstd-dev \
  checkinstall \
  libglu1-mesa-dev libxmu-dev \
  ghostscript wget -y
</source>

For NVIZ on Ubuntu 20.04:
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install \
  ffmpeg libavutil-dev ffmpeg2theora \
  libffmpegthumbnailer-dev \
  libavcodec-dev \
  libxmu-dev \
  libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
</source>

=== Source code download ===
Now we have all "ingredients" readily installed on our system.

'''Source code download''':

There a two ways of getting the source code: either use a) the weekly snapshot (cannot be updated, or b) the source code from the GitHub repository (you can update your local copy easily in future):

'''a) Download of the weekly source code snapshot (not recommended):'''
<source lang="bash">
# download latest GRASS GIS 7.x stable release source code:
mkdir $HOME/src/
cd  $HOME/src/
wget https://grass.osgeo.org/grass78/source/snapshot/grass-7.8.git_src_snapshot_latest.tar.gz

# Unpack source code package and remove tarball archive:
tar xvfz grass-7.8.git_src_snapshot_latest.tar.gz
rm -f grass-7.8.git_src_snapshot_latest.tar.gz 

# rename source code directory (yes, with the questionmarks!)
mv grass-7.8.git_src_snapshot_20??_??_?? grass-7.8.latest
cd grass-7.8.latest/
</source>

'''b) Download of the current development version from GitHub (adopt the path below accordingly)'''
<source lang="bash">
git clone https://github.com/OSGeo/grass.git grass-7.8.latest.git
cd grass-7.8.latest.git/
git checkout releasebranch_7_8
</source>

=== Compilation ===
Now we can '''compile''' the source code in order to generate the GRASS GIS binaries:

<source lang="bash">
# "configure" source code for local machine (checks for CPU type etc):
MYCFLAGS='-O2 -fPIC -fno-common -fexceptions -std=gnu99 -fstack-protector -m64'
#MYCXXFLAGS=''
MYLDFLAGS='-Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,now'

LDFLAGS="$MYLDFLAGS" CFLAGS="$MYCFLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$MYCXXFLAGS" ./configure \
  --with-cxx \
  --enable-largefile \
  --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
  --with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
  --with-python \
  --with-geos \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-nls \
  --with-zstd \
  --with-liblas \
  --with-pdal \
  --with-cairo --with-cairo-ldflags=-lfontconfig \
  --with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
  --with-wxwidgets \
  --with-fftw \
  --with-motif \
  --with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL \
  --with-postgres=yes --with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql" \
  --without-netcdf \
  --without-mysql \
  --without-odbc \
  --without-openmp \
  --without-ffmpeg
</source>

For Ubuntu 20.04 remove --with-liblas :
<source lang="bash">
# "configure" source code for local machine (checks for CPU type etc):
MYCFLAGS='-O2 -fPIC -fno-common -fexceptions -std=gnu99 -fstack-protector -m64'
#MYCXXFLAGS=''
MYLDFLAGS='-Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,now'

LDFLAGS="$MYLDFLAGS" CFLAGS="$MYCFLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$MYCXXFLAGS" ./configure \
  --with-cxx \
  --enable-largefile \
  --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
  --with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \
  --with-python \
  --with-geos \
  --with-sqlite \
  --with-nls \
  --with-zstd \
  --with-pdal \
  --with-cairo --with-cairo-ldflags=-lfontconfig \
  --with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
  --with-wxwidgets \
  --with-fftw \
  --with-motif \
  --with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL \
  --with-postgres=yes --with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql" \
  --without-netcdf \
  --without-mysql \
  --without-odbc \
  --without-openmp \
  --without-ffmpeg
</source>


Now compile source code (takes some time as it generates binary code from the source code):
<source lang="bash">
# note: the more CPUs you have, the higher the -j number may be set to
# here: build using 4 CPU cores
make -j4
</source>

=== Installation ===
Install resulting GRASS GIS 7 binaries into /usr/local/:
<source lang="bash">
sudo make install
</source>

Start GRASS GIS in the terminal:
<source lang="bash">
grass78
</source>

'''Done & enjoy!'''

== Hints ==

* Usually, the installation of compiled code is done by using the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">make</source> tool. Alternatively, this can be done by using the ''checkinstall'' tool (i.e., <source lang="bash" enclose="none">sudo checkinstall</source>  instead of  <source lang="bash" enclose="none">sudo make install</source>) which eases off removal of packages. If ''checkinstall'' fails to deliver, please note some related bugs: [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/checkinstall/+bug/78455 78455] and [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/checkinstall/+bug/599163 599163]. Useful information on using ''checkinstall'': [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompilingEasyHowTo Compiling things on Ubuntu the Easy Way].

* In multi-core processors, the compilation performance can be boosted by using  ''-j''  switches (e.g. <source lang="bash" enclose="none">make -j2</source>  or  <source lang="bash" enclose="none">make -j3</source>  or even <source lang="bash" enclose="none">make -j4</source>) which specify the number of jobs (commands) to run simultaneously.

== Pre-compiled packages and backports ==

'''Pre-compiled packages and backports''' are available from [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuGIS UbuntuGIS] via their [https://launchpad.net/~ubuntugis/+archive/ppa/ ppa.launchpad stable] and [https://launchpad.net/~ubuntugis/+archive/ubuntu/ubuntugis-unstable ppa.launchpad unstable] repositories. '''This is by far the simplest and fastest solution. Please prefer it over the manual way of compiling source code yourself as described below.'''

Version overview:
* focal (20.04 LTS): 7.8
* bionic (18.04 LTS): 7.8
* xenial (16.04 LTS): 7.6
* trusty (14.04 LTS): 7.4

a) Daily ready-to-install GRASS GIS builds of the 7.x release branch and master are available from ''ppa:grass/grass-devel'':

<source lang=bash>
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:grass/grass-devel
</source>

b) Latest stable version of GRASS 7.x is available from ''ppa:grass/grass-stable'':
<source lang=bash>
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntugis/ppa
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:grass/grass-stable
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grass78
</source>

== Dependencies ==

=== Current stable Ubuntu version ===
First, update the system from the repositories<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
</source>

Then, install ''SQLite'', ''SVN'' and ''dependencies'' for compiling PROJ, GEOS, GDAL/OGR, GRASS, GDAL-GRASS-PLUGIN (some additional packages may be required in this case); the following action will also install various dependencies (listed in the command line as <source lang="bash" enclose="none">The following extra packages will be installed:</source>...):<br/>

The following dependencies concern [http://releases.ubuntu.com/xenial/ Ubuntu Xenial Xerus (16.04 LTS)]

<source lang="bash">
# this is a single command, please copy-paste it entirely into the terminal:
sudo apt-get install \
  build-essential \
  flex make bison gcc libgcc1 g++ cmake ccache \
  python python-dev \
  python-opengl \
  python-wxversion python-wxtools python-wxgtk3.0 \
  python-dateutil libgsl-dev python-numpy \
  wx3.0-headers wx-common libwxgtk3.0-dev \
  libwxbase3.0-dev   \
  libncurses5-dev \
  zlib1g-dev gettext \
  libtiff5-dev libpnglite-dev \
  libcairo2 libcairo2-dev \
  sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev \
  libpq-dev \
  libreadline6 libreadline6-dev libfreetype6-dev \
  libfftw3-3 libfftw3-dev \
  libboost-thread-dev libboost-program-options-dev liblas-c-dev \
  resolvconf \
  libjasper-dev \
  subversion \
  libav-tools libavutil-dev ffmpeg2theora \
  libffmpegthumbnailer-dev \
  libavcodec-dev \
  libxmu-dev \
  libavformat-dev libswscale-dev \
  checkinstall \
  libglu1-mesa-dev libxmu-dev \
  ghostscript
</source>

The following dependencies concern [http://releases.ubuntu.com/trusty/ Ubuntu Trusty Tahr (14.04 LTS)]

<source lang="bash">
# this is a single command, please copy-paste it entirely into the terminal:
sudo apt-get install \
  build-essential \
  flex make bison gcc libgcc1 g++ \
  python python-dev \
  python-dateutil libgsl0-dev python-numpy \
  zlib1g-dev gettext \
  libtiff-dev libpnglite-dev \
  sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev \
  libboost-thread-dev libboost-program-options-dev liblas-c-dev \
  resolvconf \
  subversion \
  checkinstall \
  cmake ccache \
  python-opengl \
  python-wxversion python-wxtools python-wxgtk2.8 \
  wx2.8-headers wx-common libwxgtk2.8-dev libwxgtk2.8-dbg \
  libwxbase2.8-dev  libwxbase2.8-dbg \
  libncurses5-dev \
  libcairo2 libcairo2-dev \
  libpq-dev \
  libreadline6 libreadline6-dev libfreetype6-dev \
  libfftw3-3 libfftw3-dev \
  libjasper-dev \
  libav-tools libavutil-dev ffmpeg2theora \
  libffmpegthumbnailer-dev \
  libavcodec-dev \
  libxmu-dev \
  libavformat-dev libswscale-dev \
  libglu1-mesa-dev libxmu-dev \
  ghostscript</source>


* See the additional packages bellow and in other sections and install them. Note that some of them are [http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/source/REQUIREMENTS.html required], namely PROJ.4, GEOS and GDAL. If you don't have special requirements, it is usually enough just to install PROJ.4, GEOS and GDAL from repository (rather then compile them manually).

* for mysql support, <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libmysqlclient-dev</source> is required
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
</source>

* for netcdf support, <source lang="bash" enclose="none">netcdf-bin</source> and <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libnetcdf-dev</source>  is required
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install netcdf-bin libnetcdf-dev
</source>

* for {{AddonCmd|i.spec.unmix}} Addon support, install LAPACK and BLAS:
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install libatlas-dev libblas-dev liblapack-dev
</source>

* create a directory as a simple user where all source code is going to be stored -- in this example, a directory named <source lang="bash" enclose="none">src</source> under <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/usr/local</source> is created <source lang="bash">
sudo mkdir /usr/local/src
</source>

* take over directories ownerships ('''replace''' below the terms ''userid'' and ''groupid'' with a real <source lang="bash" enclose="none">userid</source>): <source lang="bash">
sudo chown userid:groupid /usr/local/src</source>

* similarly, grant <source lang="bash" enclose="none">rwx</source> (read-write-execute) permissions for our ''userid'' and ''groupid'' onto the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">src</source> directory: <source lang="bash">
sudo chmod ug+rwx /usr/local/src</source>

=== Earlier Ubuntu versions ===

For [http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/ earlier Ubuntu versions], '''watch out for dependency differences!''' Modify the dependency list given above as instructed below.

* for [http://releases.ubuntu.com/raring/ Ubuntu Raring Ringtail (13.04]), change the following dependencies:
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libav-tools libavutil-dev --> ffmpeg</source> 
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none"> --> lesstif2-dev</source>

* for [http://releases.ubuntu.com/precise/ Ubuntu Precise Pangolin (12.04)], change the following dependencies:
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libpnglite-dev --> libpngwriter-dev</source>
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libtiff5-dev --> libtiff4-dev</source>

* for [http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/maverick/ Ubuntu Maverick Meerkat (10.10)] or later, change the following dependencies:
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libpngwriter-dev --> libpngwriter0-dev</source>
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">libcairo-dev --> libcairo2-dev</source>
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">fftw3 --> libfftw3-3</source>
** <source lang="bash" enclose="none">fftw3-dev --> libfftw3-dev</source>
 
* for [http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/lucid/ Ubuntu Lucid Lynx (10.04)] or later, also install: <source lang="bash">sudo apt-get install libhdf4-alt-dev libhdf4-0-alt</source>

* for [http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/releases/ earlier Ubuntu versions], also install: <source lang="bash"> sudo apt-get install libhdf4g-dev libhdf4g-run</source>

== Using pre-compiled dev Packages for PROJ.4, GEOS and GDAL ==

=== PROJ.4 ===

Install the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">dev</source> package:

<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install libproj-dev proj-data proj-bin
</source>

* In the call to <source lang="bash" enclose="none">./configure</source> for [[#GRASS|GRASS]], replace <source lang="bash" enclose="none">--with-proj-share=/usr/local/share/proj/</source> by <source lang="bash" enclose="none">--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj/</source>

=== GEOS ===

Install the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">dev</source> package:

<source lang="bash">
# probably you also need to additionally install "libgeos-c1v5"
sudo apt-get install libgeos-dev
</source>

* In the call to <source lang="bash" enclose="none">./configure</source> for [[#GRASS|GRASS]], replace <source lang="bash" enclose="none">--with-geos=/usr/local/bin/geos-config</source> by <source lang="bash" enclose="none">--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config</source>

=== GDAL ===

Install the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">dev</source> package (possibly without support for datumgrid):

<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev
</source>

For support of WMS in wxGUI install Python GDAL bindings and GDAL executables:
<source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install python-gdal gdal-bin
</source>

* Install also the required extra packages (note the message: <source lang="bash" enclose="none">The following extra packages will be installed:</source>)
* Look out for packages to be removed by this operation -- this is most likely caused by incompatible package versions. Fix these problems in advance using commands like the following: <source lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install <package>=<required.version></source>

=== GRASS-GIS ===

[[Compile_and_Install_Ubuntu#GRASS_GIS|Jump to sub-section GRASS-GIS below]]

== Using pre-compiled dev Packages for PROJ.4, GEOS and GDAL from GIS.lab PPA==

Ivan Mincik has made all required packages available in his [https://launchpad.net/~imincik/+archive/ubuntu/gis PPA]:

<source lang="bash">
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:imincik/gis
sudo apt-get install libproj-dev libgdal-dev python-gdal libgeos-dev
</source>

Now you can either also install GRASS GIS 7 from there or compile it yourself (see [[Compile_and_Install_Ubuntu#GRASS_GIS|Jump to sub-section GRASS-GIS below]])

== Compile from source ==


=== PROJ4 ===

* within the directory <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/usr/local/src</source> (create it if it does not exist) checkout <source lang="bash" enclose="none">proj</source> from its Subversion repository: <source lang="bash">
svn co http://svn.osgeo.org/metacrs/proj/branches/4.8/proj/
</source>

* get [http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip '''proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip'''] from [http://trac.osgeo.org/proj proj' trac] and move it under <source lang="bash" enclose="none">proj/nad</source>
<ul><source lang="bash">
wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip
mv proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip /usr/local/src/proj/nad
cd /usr/local/src/proj/nad
</source>
   </ul>

* decompress it <source lang="bash">
unzip proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip
</source>

* go back to the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">proj</source> directory <source lang="bash">
cd /usr/local/src/proj
</source>

* if required, clean previous configuration & compilation <source lang="bash">
make distclean
</source>

* simple configure, compile and install <source lang="bash">
./configure  &&  make  &&  sudo make install
</source>
<ul> or <source lang="bash">
./configure && make -j2  &&  sudo checkinstall
</source>
   </ul>

* ensure that <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/usr/local/lib</source> is added to <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/etc/ld.so.conf</source> and afterwards run <source lang="bash">
sudo ldconfig
</source>

* finally, go back to the parent directory simply by instructing<source lang="bash">
cd ..
</source>

=== GEOS ===

* download '''geos-3.4.2.tar.bz2''' from [http://trac.osgeo.org/geos/ http://trac.osgeo.org/geos] using <source lang="bash" enclose="none">wget</source> <source lang="bash">
wget http://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-3.4.2.tar.bz2
</source>

* move to the "source-code" directory and decompress
<ul><source lang="bash">
cd /usr/local/src/
bunzip2 geos-3.4.2.tar.bz2
tar xvf  geos-3.4.2.tar
</source>
   </ul>

* if required, clean previous configuration & compilation  <source lang="bash">
make distclean
</source>

* move to geos directory  <source lang="bash">
cd geos-3.4.2
</source>

* simple configure, compile and install <source lang="bash">
./configure  &&  make  &&  sudo make install
</source>
<ul> or <source lang="bash">
./configure  && make -j2  &&  sudo checkinstall
</source>
   </ul>

* do not forget to execute <source lang="bash">
sudo ldconfig
</source>

=== GDAL ===

'''Note''', GDAL must be compiled '''without''' GRASS support

* download the current stable version <source lang="bash">
svn co https://svn.osgeo.org/gdal/branches/1.11/gdal gdal_stable
</source>

* enter in the <source lang="bash" enclose="none">gdal_stable</source> directory <source lang="bash">
cd /usr/local/src/gdal_stable
</source>

* optionally, update the source code <source lang="bash">
svn up
</source>

* if required, clean previous configurations/compilations <source lang="bash">
make distclean
</source>

* a simple configuration without any parameters will detect and support various installed libraries <source lang="bash">
./configure
</source>

* skip to the ''compile and install'' step or check the following customised configuration example
 <ul>
<source lang="bash">
CFLAGS="-g -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure \
--with-png=internal \
--with-libtiff=internal \
--with-geotiff=internal \
--with-jpeg=internal \
--with-gif=internal \
--with-ecw=no \
--with-expat=yes \
--with-sqlite3=yes \
--with-geos=yes \
--with-python \
--with-libz=internal \
--with-netcdf \
--with-threads=yes \
--without-grass  \
--without-ogdi \
--with-pg=/usr/bin/pg_config \
--with-xerces=yes
</source>
   </ul>

* compile, install & ldconfig <source lang="bash">
make -j2  &&  sudo make install  &&  sudo ldconfig
</source>
<ul> or <source lang="bash">
make -j2  &&  sudo checkinstall  &&  sudo ldconfig
</source>
   </ul>

=== GRASS GIS ===

Note the differences between different GRASS version (SVN branches) in download and cofiguration. Note also the changes required if you installed some of the dependencies from packages (rather then compiled them yourself).

To fully understand the build process, read the  <code>INSTALL</code> file, which is located in GRASS' source code root directory. For example, if you have problems related to 32bit versus 64bit, pay attention to section <code>(C)</code>, entitled <code>COMPILATION NOTES for 64bit platforms</code>.

''' Getting GRASS' source code '''

Select from one of the GRASS GIS versions and download (using SVN) the source code:

* VERY OLD STABLE VERSION: current state of the 6.4.x release branch version (stable) <source lang="bash">
svn co https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/branches/releasebranch_6_4 grass64_release
</source>

* STABLE VERSION: current state of the 7.2.x release branch version (current stable) <source lang="bash">
svn co https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/branches/releasebranch_7_2 grass72_release
</source>

* DEVELOPMENT VERSION: current state of the trunk (latest version of code where the development happens) <source lang="bash">
svn co https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass7_trunk
</source>

* for other versions see [http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/DownloadSource GRASS Trac wiki].

''' Configure, Compile and Install'''

Enter the directory with the source code (downloaded by svn client), for example:

<source lang="bash">
cd grass72_release
</source>

* '''GRASS GIS 6 example configuration''' (which can/should be adjusted according to specific needs):
<ul>
<source lang="bash">
CFLAGS="-O2 -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure \
--enable-largefile=yes \
--with-nls \
--with-cxx \
--with-proj-share=/usr/local/share/proj/ \
--with-geos=/usr/local/bin/geos-config \
--with-readline \
--with-python=yes \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-cairo \
--with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL \
--with-motif \
--with-tcltk-includes="/usr/include/tcl8.5" \
--with-ffmpeg=yes --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/libavcodec /usr/include/libavformat /usr/include/libswscale /usr/include/libavutil" \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
--with-postgres=yes --with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql" \
--with-sqlite=yes \
--with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes="/usr/include/mysql" \
--with-odbc=no
</source>
</ul>
<ul>
'''Note''', the above configuration uses the <code>Proj4</code> and <code>GEOS</code> packages compiled from the source. In the case that pre-compiled versions from the repository are required, remove the above corresponding lines to use the "defaults", i.e. <source lang="bash">
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config \
</source>
   </ul>

* '''GRASS GIS 7 example configuration''' (which can/should be adjusted according to specific needs):
<ul>
<source lang="bash">
CFLAGS="-O2 -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure \
--enable-largefile=yes \
--with-nls \
--with-cxx \
--with-readline \
--with-proj-share=/usr/local/share/proj/ \
--with-geos=/usr/local/bin/geos-config \
--with-wxwidgets \
--with-cairo \
--with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL \
--with-freetype=yes --with-freetype-includes="/usr/include/freetype2/" \
--with-postgres=yes --with-postgres-includes="/usr/include/postgresql" \
--with-sqlite=yes \
--with-mysql=yes --with-mysql-includes="/usr/include/mysql" \
--with-odbc=no \
--with-liblas=yes --with-liblas-config=/usr/bin/liblas-config
</source>
</ul>
<ul>
'''Note''', the above configuration uses the <code>Proj4</code> and <code>GEOS</code> packages compiled from the source. In the case that pre-compiled versions from the repository are required, remove the above corresponding lines to use the "defaults", i.e. (note the backslashe at the end of each line)
<source lang="bash">
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \
--with-geos=/usr/bin/geos-config \
</source>
'''Note 2''', if compiling with liblas, you will want liblas compiled with laszip support. liblas will look for laszip  includes in /usr/local/include/laszip by default. Creating the laszip directory in /usr/local/include and making a soft link.  ln -s /usr/local/include/lasz*.hpp /usr/local/include/laszip and ln -s /usr/local/include/lasunz*.hpp /usr/local/include/laszip should allow liblas to compile with laszip support 
   </ul>

* compile & install <source lang="bash">
make -j2  &&  sudo make install  &&  sudo ldconfig
</source>

<ul> or <source lang="bash">
make -j2  &&  sudo checkinstall  &&  sudo ldconfig
</source>
   </ul>

For subsequent updates execute (not need for the first time):
<source lang="bash">
svn up
make -j2 && sudo make install  &&  sudo ldconfig
</source>

Sometimes, it is required to clean previous configuration and compilation:
<source lang="bash">
make distclean
svn up
./configure ... # (use the configure command above)
make -j2 && sudo make install  &&  sudo ldconfig
</source>

=== GDAL-GRASS-Plugin ===

* get the plugin from [http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/ OSGeo's Download Server]: "gdal-grass-X.Y.Z.tar.gz" using <source lang="bash" enclose="none">wget</source>
<ul><source lang="bash">
# update version number accordingly!
wget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/3.2.3/gdal-grass-3.2.3.tar.gz
tar xvzf gdal-grass-3.2.3.tar.gz
cd gdal-grass-3.2.3
</source></ul>

* create   <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/etc/ld.so.conf.d/grass.conf</source>   or add in   <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/etc/ld.so.conf</source> the GRASS library path: 
<ul><source lang="bash">
# GRASS 7.8 library path (adapt as needed)
/usr/local/src/releasebranch_7_8/lib

# GRASS 7 (development version) library path (adapt as needed)
/usr/local/src/grass_master/lib
</source></ul>

* optionally, clean previous configurations/compilations<source lang="bash">
 make distclean</source>

* configure -- point to GRASS installation/binaries
<ul><source lang="bash"> ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local \
 --with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \
 --with-grass=/usr/local/grass-7.8.git/ \
 --with-autoload="/usr/local/lib64/gdalplugins/" \
 --with-ld-shared="g++ -shared"</source></ul>
<ul>
* for GRASS 7.6, replace with <source lang="bash" enclose="none"> --with-grass=/usr/local/grass-7.6.3/</source>
* for GRASS 7.x...
</ul>

* compile & install using checkinstall<source lang="bash">
 make -j2  &&  sudo checkinstall</source>

= Post compilation/installation control =

* For a recommended quick-check read the [http://grass.osgeo.org/wiki/Compile_and_install_GRASS_and_QGIS_with_GDAL/OGR_Plugin#Troubleshooting Troubleshooting] section at [http://grass.osgeo.org/wiki/Compile_and_install_GDAL-GRASS_plugin Compile_and_install_GDAL-GRASS_plugin]

* in case of errors in future compilation attempts, remember to remove program binaries and files created with the "configuration" from previous compilations with
 make distclean

* another common mistake is compiling a module against some GRASS version and then try to run it through another GRASS version. The solution is to recompile the affected module or, in case there are multiple GRASS installations, set up properly LD_LIBRARY_PATH paths.


= Removal of GRASS =


To get rid of a GRASS binaries installation, delete (update version numbers accordingly)
* <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/usr/local/grass-7.8.1.dev</source> (directory, binaries location)
* <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/usr/local/bin/grass78</source> (file)
* <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/home/username/.grassrc7</source> (file)


If wanted, delete also the complete source code:
* <source lang="bash" enclose="none">/usr/local/src/grass78_release</source> (directory, source code location)


To remove <code>grass</code> (or any other package) which was installed by <source lang="bash" enclose="none">checkinstall</source>, use <source lang="bash" enclose="none">dpkg</source>, e.g.<source lang="bash">
sudo dpkg -r grass78 # package name defined at installation is important</source>

= Packaging of GRASS =

* See https://salsa.debian.org/debian-gis-team/grass/tree/master/debian for directions on rolling your own packages.

For details about the auto-nightly-builds and after-market supplied packages from UbuntuGIS, please refer to the [[Ubuntu Packaging]] wiki page.

== See also ==

* Docker: https://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/docker-images/
* [[Ubuntu Packaging]]
* [[GRASS in Debian]]

= Archived Notes =

Notes that concern the configuration and compilation of GRASS GIS and its dependencies for older versions of Ubuntu-Linux.

== Ubuntu 7.10 64-bit ==

* Compiling latest GRASS source code on a 64-bit machine (with an ATI graphic card) under Ubuntu 7.10 64-bit with support for: 64-bit, SQLite, OpenGL, PYTHON, FFMPEG
(Based on "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS - GRASS 6.1 Compilation Script" by David Finlayson)
''Assuming it is the first time attempting to compile GRASS' source code & installing SVN, PROJ, GDAL/OGR''

'''Preparation'''
 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

* install dependencies for compiling (in general) and dependencies for GRASS: PROJ, GDAL/OGR
 sudo apt-get install grass build-essential flex bison libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev \
 libgdal1-dev libtiff4-dev libgcc1 libpng12-dev tcl8.4-dev tk8.4-dev fftw3-dev \
 libfreetype6-dev libavcodec-dev libxmu-dev gdal-bin libreadline5 libreadline5-dev \
 make python-dev python-wxversion

* install SQLite
 sudo apt-get install sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev

* install SVN
 sudo apt-get install subversion

* create a directory as a simple user where source code(s) are going to be stored (in our example we use a directory called '''src''' under '''/usr/local''')

 sudo mkdir /usr/local/src

* grant rwx (read-write-execute) permissions for our userid/ groupid on the directory (replace words userid and groupid with real userid):
 sudo chown ''userid'':''groupid'' /usr/local/src

 sudo chmod ug+rwx /usr/local/src

* download latest source code from GRASS SVN repository in a directory on the system (e.g. /usr/local/src)
 svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk

* Above command places GRASS' source code in '''/usr/local/src/grass_trunk'''. In case of a subsequent update use the command: '''svn up''' from within the grass_trunk directory

----
'''Before''' attempting to compile GRASS, READ section (C) in the '''INSTALL''' file located in the main directory of GRASS source code entitled:
'''(C) COMPILATION NOTES for 64bit platforms'''
----

* installing FFTW3 if not already on system
 sudo apt-get install fftw3 fftw3-dev

'''FFMPEG'''

Note: Back in Ubuntu 7.10, installing ffmpeg through the repositories wouldn't work with grass. The following steps were successfully used.

* install FFMPEG (information taken from: http://stream0.org/2008/01/install-ffmpeg-on-ubuntu-gutsy.html)
* download source code with svn
 svn checkout svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg

* install dependencies
 sudo apt-get install liblame-dev libfaad2-dev libfaac-dev libxvidcore4-dev \
      liba52-0.7.4 liba52-0.7.4-dev libx264-dev libdts-dev checkinstall \
      build-essential subversion

* guide to ffmpeg directory
 cd ffmpeg

if necessary: '''make distclean''' before configuration (look at notes below)

* configuration ('''note:''' the configuration parameter "'''--enable-pp'''" does not work anymore)
 # configure FFMPEG
 ./configure --enable-gpl --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora \
             --enable-liba52 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libgsm \
             --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaac \
             --enable-libxvid --enable-libx264 \
             --enable-shared

* compilation
 make

* installation on /usr/local/bin -- important to remember when configuring GRASS' source code for compilation
 sudo checkinstall

'''Go for GRASS!'''
* in our example we used the /usr/local/src directory to store GRASS' source code, so:
 cd /usr/local/src/grass_trunk

* configuration
  CFLAGS="-g -Wall" ./configure --enable-64bit \
        --with-libs=/usr/lib64 --with-cxx --with-freetype=yes \
        --with-postgres=no --with-sqlite=yes --enable-largefile=yes \
        --with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4 \
        --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
        --with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL --with-readline \
        --with-python=yes --with-ffmpeg=yes \
        --with-ffmpeg-includes=/usr/local/include/ffmpeg

*if OpenGL fails then maybe it is necessary to link '''glxATI.h''' with '''glx.h''' and re-run the configuration

 cd /usr/include/GL

 sudo ln glxATI.h glx.h

* compilation
 make

* compilation is expected to end with a statement similar to the following:

 Started compilation: Wed Feb 27 00:24:36 CET 2008
 --
 Errors in:
 No errors detected.

* installation
 sudo checkinstall

* launch 64-bit GRASS.6.4.svn
 grass64

'''Notes'''
* in case of errors in future compilation attempts, remember to remove program binaries with
 make clean
* and the files created with the "configuration" from previous compilations with
 make distclean

== Ubuntu 6.06, 7.10 ==

* [http://david.p.finlayson.googlepages.com/makegrass.sh makegrass.sh] is script designed to automate most of the download, configuration and compilation of GRASS 6.x-CVS
** it is advised use [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CheckInstall checkinstall] (''sudo apt-get install checkinstall'') instead of ''make install'' to keep track of installed software 
** Think twice before using this script. Some users experienced problems such as disabled XGL etc.
* [[User:Steko/Automated_CVS_compiling|Here]] is another of these scripts, it's homemade so probably you'll find the above more useful for production sites.


[[Category: Compilation]]
[[Category: Installation]]
[[Category: Ubuntu]]
[[Category: FAQ]]