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Revision as of 20:49, 30 December 2011
Disclaimer: This page explains how to turn the GRASS GIS source code into an installable binary package ("compilation") for different operating systems. If you just want to get ready-to-use binaries, go here, otherwise read on...
How to do compilation and installation of GRASS 6?
Here we explain the procedure to compile GRASS from SVN, but it also applies to official GRASS 6 releases.
For installation of precompiled binary packages, see the main Installation Guide.
For detailed information on compilation, please see the INSTALL file in the source code.
Prerequisites
GRASS needs at least two extra libraries: PROJ and GDAL/OGR
Note: if you want to have DBMS support in GDAL (subsequently in GRASS) you have to perform the "Optional" steps below as well.
- PROJ4 for management of projections (with proj-datumgrid-1.3.zip support)
- Optional: GEOS
- Optional: PostgreSQL, mySQL, unixODBC, SQLite (SQLite is needed for QGIS)
- GDAL/OGR for reading and writing various GIS data formats (interoperability)
You have to install these two libraries first.
It is easiest to obtain a prepackaged version of these libraries (e.g., .rpm; .deb) for your particular operating system and run the corresponding package installation (e.g., rpm -Uhv packagename.rpm; apt-get) in a terminal window. Take care to also install the development packages of these libraries (...-devel packages). If there is no prepackage version, then you will have to download the source code (see links above, source code packages usually ends in .tar.gz or .zip) and compile it (you must have a C compiler installed as part of your operating system). The Web sites show the steps to compile the libraries.
Other libraries needed to run GRASS are listed on the requirements page.
To compile, you will also need the respective "-devel" packages.
Then download GRASS of course.
Generic Compilation and installation procedure
- It is wise that compilation processes are carried out as a normal user: If you want to get the source code in a place where you do not have write permissions (e.g. in /usr/local/src/) just follow this:
cd /usr/local/src/
su -c 'mkdir grass6'
su -c 'chown yourlogin:yourgroup grass6'
Otherwise if you have permissions just continue as a normal user:
cd /usr/local/src/
svn checkout ...
- do a code checkout from the SVN source code repository
- checkout the latest GRASS 6.x from SVN (see: [1])
- in the grass6 directory, you will find the precious INSTALL file, open it with your favourite pager/editor and read it carefully!
- run configure with parameters to adapt the compile process to your own system. To see what options can be passed to it, run:
./configure --help | less
It may (!) look like this:
./configure \
--with-cxx \
--with-sqlite \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/include/pgsql/libpq \
--with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql \
--with-freetype \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-motif \
--with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj
You may have to explicitly state the path for certain packages (i.e., gdal). The Unix 'locate' command will come in handy for finding the path of the package you need (you may have to run locate as root ex: sudo locate gdal-config).
Please note that the paths mentioned may widely vary due to the distribution used. See Platform Specific Notes below.
Depending on your needs it may be a good idea to include debugging hooks.
CFLAGS="-ggdb -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration" ./configure ...
At the end of configuration process you should get report not much different from this:
GRASS is now configured for: i686-pc-linux-gnu
Source directory: /usr/src/grass6
Build directory: /usr/src/grass6
Installation directory: /usr/local/grass-6.3.svn
Startup script in directory: ${exec_prefix}/bin
C compiler: gcc -g -O2
C++ compiler: c++ -g -O2
FORTRAN compiler:
Building shared libraries: yes
64bit support: no
NVIZ: yes
BLAS support: no
C++ support: yes
DWG support: no
FFMPEG support: no
FFTW support: yes
FreeType support: yes
GDAL support: yes
GLw support: no
JPEG support: yes
LAPACK support: no
Large File Support (LFS): no
Motif support: no
MySQL support: no
NLS support: no
ODBC support: no
OGR support: yes
OpenGL(R) support: yes
PNG support: yes
PostgreSQL support: yes
Readline support: no
SQLite support: no
Tcl/Tk support: yes
TIFF support: yes
X11 support: yes
- Let's compile it (takes a little while...)!
make
- At the end, you should get report not much different from this:
---------------------------------------------------------------------- Following modules are missing the 'description.html' file in src code: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- GRASS GIS compilation log ------------------------- Started compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:18:43 CEST 2006 -- Errors in: -- Finished compilation: Ne kvě 28 13:43:40 CEST 2006 (In case of errors please change into the directory with error and run 'make')
- If there is any error, change directory to directory with error and run "make" again. Report occuring bug to grass mailing list
- Once the installation process is finished, you're ready to install GRASS system wide.
su -c 'make install'
- enjoy GRASS:
grass64
What else?
If you want to use QGIS, then also compile the GRASS-GDAL/OGR plugin. This is also useful to access your GRASS-data from other application using GDAL/OGR like thuban.
- Compile and install GRASS and QGIS with GDAL/OGR Plugin (enables QGIS to read GRASS data directly)
Compile and install GDAL-GRASS plugin
Platform Specific Notes
Linux
Debian
Read the instructions here:
# first install PROJ, GDAL, etc. cd grass64/ # follow instructions in debian/README.debian fakeroot buildpackage
- Official DebianGIS packaging control files, also accessible via svn:
svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/trunk/
or
svn co svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-grass/packages/grass/branches/<GRASS Version>
GRASS 6.1 on Debian Sarge
GRASS 6.4 on Debian Lenny
Install needed packages:
apt-get install flex bison libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev lesstif2-dev debhelper dpatch libtiff4-dev \
tcl-dev tk-dev libfftw3-dev libxmu-dev libfreetype6-dev autoconf2.13 autotools-dev doxygen \
libmysqlclient15-dev graphviz libsqlite3-dev python-wxgtk2.8 libcairo2-dev libwxgtk2.8-dev \
python-dev swig libgdal1-dev libgdal1-1.5.0 libproj-dev libproj0 proj-data mysql
Configure:
./configure \ --with-cxx \ --with-sqlite \ --with-postgres --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/postgresql \ --with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql \ --with-odbc \ --with-cairo \ --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \ --with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4/ \ --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \ --with-motif --with-fftw --with-nls --with-python
Compile:
make
Install:
sudo make install
GRASS 7 on Debian Squeeze
Install needed packages:
apt-get install flex bison debhelper dpatch autoconf2.13 autotools-dev python-dev
g++ gcc gettext graphviz libcairo2-dev libfftw3-dev libfreetype6-dev \
libgdal1-1.6.0 libgdal1-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libglw1-mesa-dev \
libncurses5-dev libproj-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libtiff4-dev \
libwxgtk2.8-dev libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxt-dev mesa-common-dev \
proj-bin python-numpy python-wxgtk2.8 subversion wx-common zlib1g-dev
Download source code:
svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk
Configure:
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -Werror-implicit-function-declaration -fno-common -Wextra -Wunused" \ CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local \ --with-gdal --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share \ --with-glw --with-nls --with-readline \ --without-tcltk \ --with-cxx \ --enable-largefile \ --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \ --with-sqlite \ --with-cairo --with-python=/usr/bin/python2.6-config --with-wxwidgets \ --with-geos --with-pthread
Compile:
make
Install:
sudo make install
Ubuntu
The above Debian notes will probably work with Ubuntu as well.
A more specific page towards Ubuntu is being written on.
Ubuntu 6.06, 7.10
- makegrass.sh is script designed to automate most of the download, configuration and compilation of GRASS 6.x-CVS
- it is advised use checkinstall (sudo apt-get install checkinstall) instead of make install to keep track of installed software
- Think twice before using this script. Some users experienced problems such as disabled XGL etc.
- Here is another of these scripts, it's homemade so probably you'll find the above more useful for production sites.
Ubuntu 7.10 64-bit
- Compiling latest GRASS source code on a 64-bit machine (with an ATI graphic card) under Ubuntu 7.10 64-bit with support for: 64-bit, SQLite, OpenGL, PYTHON, FFMPEG
(Based on "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS - GRASS 6.1 Compilation Script" by David Finlayson) Assuming it is the first time attempting to compile GRASS' source code & installing SVN, PROJ, GDAL/OGR
Preparation
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
- install dependencies for compiling (in general) and dependencies for GRASS: PROJ, GDAL/OGR
sudo apt-get install grass build-essential flex bison libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev \ libjpeg62-dev libgdal1-dev libtiff4-dev libgcc1 libpng12-dev tcl8.4-dev tk8.4-dev fftw3-dev \ libfreetype6-dev libavcodec-dev libxmu-dev gdal-bin libreadline5 libreadline5-dev \ make python-dev python-wxversion swig
- install SQLite
sudo apt-get install sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev
- install SVN
sudo apt-get install subversion
- create a directory as a simple user where source code(s) are going to be stored (in our example we use a directory called src under /usr/local)
sudo mkdir /usr/local/src
- grant rwx (read-write-execute) permissions for our userid/ groupid on the directory (replace words userid and groupid with real userid):
sudo chown userid:groupid /usr/local/src
sudo chmod ug+rwx /usr/local/src
- download latest source code from GRASS SVN repository in a directory on the system (e.g. /usr/local/src)
svn checkout https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/grass/trunk grass_trunk
- Above command places GRASS' source code in /usr/local/src/grass_trunk. In case of a subsequent update use the command: svn up from within the grass_trunk directory
Before attempting to compile GRASS, READ section (C) in the INSTALL file located in the main directory of GRASS source code entitled: (C) COMPILATION NOTES for 64bit platforms
- installing FFTW3 if not already on system
sudo apt-get install fftw3 fftw3-dev
FFMPEG
Note: Back in Ubuntu 7.10, installing ffmpeg through the repositories wouldn't work with grass. The following steps were successfully used.
- install FFMPEG (information taken from: http://stream0.org/2008/01/install-ffmpeg-on-ubuntu-gutsy.html)
- download source code with svn
svn checkout svn://svn.mplayerhq.hu/ffmpeg/trunk ffmpeg
- install dependencies
sudo apt-get install liblame-dev libfaad2-dev libfaac-dev libxvidcore4-dev \
liba52-0.7.4 liba52-0.7.4-dev libx264-dev libdts-dev checkinstall \
build-essential subversion
- guide to ffmpeg directory
cd ffmpeg
if necessary: make distclean before configuration (look at notes below)
- configuration (note: the configuration parameter "--enable-pp" does not work anymore)
# configure FFMPEG
./configure --enable-gpl --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora \
--enable-liba52 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libgsm \
--enable-libmp3lame --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaac \
--enable-libxvid --enable-pthreads --enable-libx264 \
--enable-shared
- compilation
make
- installation on /usr/local/bin -- important to remember when configuring GRASS' source code for compilation
sudo checkinstall
Go for GRASS!
- in our example we used the /usr/local/src directory to store GRASS' source code, so:
cd /usr/local/src/grass_trunk
- configuration
CFLAGS="-g -Wall" ./configure --enable-64bit \
--with-libs=/usr/lib64 --with-cxx --with-freetype=yes \
--with-postgres=no --with-sqlite=yes --enable-largefile=yes \
--with-tcltk-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.4 \
--with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \
--with-opengl-libs=/usr/include/GL --with-readline \
--with-python=yes --with-ffmpeg=yes \
--with-ffmpeg-includes=/usr/local/include/ffmpeg
- if OpenGL fails then maybe it is necessary to link glxATI.h with glx.h and re-run the configuration
cd /usr/include/GL
sudo ln glxATI.h glx.h
- compilation
make
- compilation is expected to end with a statement similar to the following:
Started compilation: Wed Feb 27 00:24:36 CET 2008 -- Errors in: No errors detected.
- installation
sudo checkinstall
- launch 64-bit GRASS.6.4.svn
grass64
Notes
- in case of errors in future compilation attempts, remember to remove program binaries with
make clean
- and the files created with the "configuration" from previous compilations with
make distclean
Ubuntu 8.04 and above
Mandriva
Installation of dependencies (urpmi will ask you a few more):
Mandriva 2009: (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit)
# as root
urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
mesagl1-devel mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ swig gettext \
lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
exit
Mandriva 2010: (take out the '64' everywhere if you are on 32bit) - see also SPEC file
# as root
# installation of PROJ and GDAL
urpmi proj proj-devel gdal gdal-devel gcc-gfortran lib64openssl1.0.0 \
lib64openssl1.0.0-devel postgresql8.4-devel lib64pq8.4
# installation of compilation environment
urpmi flex bison zlib-devel tiff-devel png-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sqlite3-devel \
lib64mesagl1-devel lib64mesaglu1-devel lib64xmu6-devel gcc-c++ swig gettext \
lib64jpeg-devel lib64wxgtk2.8 lib64wxgtk2.8-devel lib64wxgtkgl2.8 wxgtk2.8 \
lib64wxPythonGTK2.8 lib64wxPythonGTK2.8-devel wxPythonGTK wxPythonGTK-wxversion
exit
Then, to configure GRASS, run (64 bit stuff optional of course):
# as user ./configure \ --enable-64bit --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \ --with-cxx \ --with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \ --with-sqlite \ --with-nls \ --with-python \ --with-wxwidgets=/usr/lib/wxPython/bin/wx-config \ --with-fftw \ --with-ffmpeg --with-ffmpeg-includes="/usr/include/libav* /usr/include/libpostproc /usr/include/libswscale" \ --with-motif \ --with-mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64 \ --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \ --enable-largefile
# compilation (use -j2 ior -j4 parameter on multi-core CPUs to accelerate): make
Installation:
su # this will install into /usr/local/ make install exit
CentOS
Note: CentOS 5 comes with Python 2.4 which lacks python-config, hence two extra tweaks are needed.
Preparation:
yum install flex bison zlib-devel tcl-devel tk-devel gcc-c++ swig gettext \
libtiff-devel libpng-devel sqlite-devel libjpeg-devel \
mesa-libGL-devel mesa-libGLU-devel mesa-libGLw-devel \
mesa-libOSMesa-devel libXmu-devel python-devel gtk2-devel\
ncurses-devel postgresql-devel
Compile and install PROJ4:
# get source code and unpack: wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-4.7.0.tar.gz tar xvfz proj-4.7.0.tar.gz rm -f proj-4.7.0.tar.gz cd proj-4.7.0/ # get and install datum files into right directory: cd nad/ wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip unzip proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip rm -f proj-datumgrid-1.5.zip cd .. # configure and compile sh configure make -j4 # install (may require "root" permissions, use "su"): make install
Compile and install GDAL:
# get source code and unpack: wget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/gdal-1.6.3.tar.gz tar xvfz gdal-1.6.3.tar.gz rm -f gdal-1.6.3.tar.gz cd gdal-1.6.3/ # configure and compile sh configure make -j4 # install (may require "root" permissions, use "su"): make install # add /usr/local/lib/ to LD_LIBRARY_PATH, requires "root" permissions: su - echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/gdal.conf ldconfig exit # test installation by running gdalinfo
GRASS 7 compilation and installation, here 64bit example:
1. Download wxGTP and wxPython:
wget http://packages.sw.be/wxPython/wxPython-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wget http://packages.sw.be/wxPython/wxPython-devel-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wget http://packages.sw.be/wxGTK/wxGTK-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wget http://packages.sw.be/wxGTK/wxGTK-devel-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm # Install: rpm -Uhv wxPython-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wxPython-devel-2.8.9.1-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm \ wxGTK-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm wxGTK-devel-2.8.9-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
2. Download and configure GRASS 7 (suggestion: save this as script). Note that PROJ4 and GDAL must be compiled first:
./configure \ --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \ --with-cxx \ --without-ffmpeg \ --with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config \ --without-odbc \ --with-sqlite \ --with-postgres \ --without-mysql \ --with-nls \ --with-python \ --with-cairo \ --with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \ --without-fftw \ --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \ --enable-largefile \ --with-pthread
3. Hack the Makefile of GRASS-SWIG since python-config isn't there (add one line without the '+'):
svn diff swig/ Index: swig/python/Makefile =================================================================== --- swig/python/Makefile (revision 38916) +++ swig/python/Makefile (working copy) @@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ EXTRA_SWIG = ../include/python/my_typemaps.i ../include/python/common.i SWIGFLAGS = $(INC) -I../include/python -outdir . EXTRA_CFLAGS = $(PYMOD_CFLAGS) +EXTRA_LIBS = -lpython2.4 EXTRA_CLEAN_FILES := $(foreach M,$(MODULES),$(M)_wrap.o $(M)_wrap.c $(M).pyc $(M).py _$(M).so) CLEAN_SUBDIRS = NumPtr
4. Add manually the path to the python include directory since python-config isn't there:
# edit include/Make/Platform.make # and add manually the line PYTHONINC = -I/usr/include/python2.4
5. Compile
make or on multicore: make -j4
6. Either install with "make install" or run directly from compile directory (substitute ARCH with i586 or x86_64):
bin.$ARCH/grass70 -wx
Gentoo
See http://gentoo-portage.com/sci-geosciences/grass
Fedora
Ingredients:
yum install proj-devel libjpeg-devel gdal-devel sqlite-devel ffmpeg-devel mesa-libGL-devel \
mesa-libGLU-devel libXmu-devel tcl-devel fftw-devel lesstif-devel python-devel \
wxPython wxGTK-devel bison flex ncurses-devel proj-epsg proj-nad xml2
Note 1: that currently gdal-devel has (too) many dependencies and will lead to a massive download of extra packages (200 on a fresh Fedora 16 install).
Note 2: ffmpeg-devel comes from the rpmfusion-free repository.
This is an example how to compile GRASS 6 on a 32bit Fedora system:
./configure \ --with-cxx \ --with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \ --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \ --with-sqlite \ --with-nls \ --with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \ --with-fftw \ --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \ --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \ --enable-largefile \ --without-odbc
This is an example how to compile GRASS 6 on a 64bit Fedora system:
./configure \ --with-cxx \ --with-gdal=/usr/bin/gdal-config \ --with-proj --with-proj-share=/usr/share/proj \ --with-sqlite \ --with-nls \ --with-wxwidgets=/usr/bin/wx-config \ --with-fftw \ --with-python=/usr/bin/python-config \ --with-freetype --with-freetype-includes=/usr/include/freetype2 \ --without-odbc
An effective (but not fast) way of getting dependencies is to decide what to enable in the configuration, and then run ./config and see which files are missing. The package providing it can be found via:
yum provides */<name of the file>
and then installed with your favourite package manager frontend.
RPM SPEC files
- ... can be found in the source code, rpm/ directory,
- or OpenSuSe
- or Fedora
- or Mandriva (there are also proj4, geos, gdal, gdal-grass-plugin, qgis etc)
Zaurus
... see here for instructions
Mac OSX
- see the source/macosx readme
- also see Compiling on MacOSX
- some notes on Packaging on MacOSX
- Download build scripts
Solaris
- 2008 Oct 15: see this post on the grass mailing list
10 SPARC/i86pc
- get gcc compiler and tools. There are several sources: Solaris Companion CD (SFW pkg, installs in /opt/sfw/), Blastwave ([2], CSW pkg, installs in /opt/csw/) or Sunfreeware ([3], SMC pkg, installs in /usr/local/).
Needed Packages from Sunfreeware: SMCbinut, SMCbison, SMCcoreu, SMCfindu, SMCflex, SMCgawk, SMCgcc, SMCgrep, SMCgzip, SMCless, SMClibt, SMClicon, SMCmake, SMCncurs, SMCproj, SMCsed, SMCtar, SMCtcl, SMCtiff, SMCtk, SMCunzip, SMCzlib.
- compile and install fftw-library ([4]). You need to re-compile the library with:
./configure --with-pic --enable-shared; make ; make install.
The pre-built packages don't work.
- compile and install gdal library (see documentation of gdal, [5]).
- compile and install any additional libraries (e. g. GEOS, [6]).
- set compiler flags and path. e. g.:
# on ultra-sparc machine:
CFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mcpu=v9"
PATH="/usr/local/bin:/opt/sfw/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin"
export CFLAGS CXXFLAGS PATH
Path has to be changed for the packages (Sunfreeware: /usr/local/bin, Solaris Companion: /opt/sfw/bin, Blastwave: /opt/csw/bin).
- Next configure, e. g.:
./configure --with-postgres-includes=/usr/include/pgsql/ \
--with-postgres-libs=/usr/lib --with-postgres=yes \
--with-includes=/usr/local/include/ncurses
If you use n(ew)curses, you have to include the path /usr/local/include/ncurses.
then:
make
su
make install
If the shared libraries are not found at runtime of the modules, use 'crle' to add the paths of the libraries for the dynamic linker, e. g. as root:
crle -l /lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/opt/sfw/lib:/usr/X11/lib
Be careful not to omit a library path, the system may be unusable if you forget the /lib path.
AIX
Mike wrote:
After attempting all the suggestions, I finally used --disable-shared on the configure command, and all but a handful of modules successfully compiled. I was able to individually address the ones that failed through Makefile edits and several small source code/header file edits. The environment variables and configure command that worked were: export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/opt/freeware/bin:$PATH export OBJECT_MODE=64 export LIBICONV=/opt/freeware export CC="xlc_r -q64" export CFLAGS="-O -qstrict" export CXX="xlC_r -q64" export CXXFLAGS="-O -qstrict" export AR="ar -X64" export F77="xlf_r -q64" export CPPFLAGS="-I/afs/isis/pkg/libpng/include -I/usr/local/include -I$LIBICONV/include -I/usr/lpp/X11/include/X11" export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -L$LIBICONV/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lc" ./configure --prefix=/afs/isis/pkg/grass-6.4.0 \ --enable-64bit \ --disable-shared \ --with-includes="/usr/include/fontconfig /usr/include/X11 /usr/include/X11/Xft /usr/include/X11/ext" \ --x-includes=/usr/include/X11 \ --x-libraries=/usr/X11R6/lib \ --with-fftw-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/include \ --with-fftw-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/fftw-3.2.2/lib \ --with-gdal=/afs/isis/pkg/gdal/bin/gdal-config \ --with-proj-includes=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/include \ --with-proj-libs=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/lib \ --with-proj-share=/afs/isis/pkg/proj/share/proj \ --with-tcltk-includes=/usr/local/include \ --with-tcltk-libs=/usr/local/lib \ --with-opengl-includes=/usr/include/GL
MS-Windows
MS-Windows/Cygwin
... see here (should be moved to the Wiki)
MS-Windows/native
Compile
- GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide (GRASS 6.3.x)
- GRASS Windows Native Binary Building Guide (GRASS 6.4.x)
- See/adapt idea for unattended install of QGIS (et al) from OSGeo4W from the QuantumGIS Blog.
See also WinGRASS Current Status for latest updates.
Common problems and solutions
During compilation, error can occur if certain packages are not installed. Here a list of problems with solution:
- error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory
- this suggests that you don't have the X headers installed
- Solution: Install the libx11-dev package
- error: g.list: error while loading shared libraries: libgdal1.6.0.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
- this error appears in the shell right after the user clicks GUI's "Start GRASS" button. The GUI shows an error about geographic extent and gets closed afterwards.
- It happens when you launch bin.i686 executable on 64bit system. Be careful and choose the right architecture.
Optimization
GCC and other compilers support optimization
If you would like to set compiler optimisations, for a possibly faster binary, type (don't enter a ";" anywhere):
CFLAGS=-O ./configure
or,
setenv CFLAGS -O
./configure
whichever works on your shell. Use -O2 instead of -O if your compiler supports this (note: O is the letter, not zero). Using the "gcc" compiler, you can also specify processor specific flags (examples, please suggest better settings to us):
CFLAGS="-mcpu=athlon -O2" # AMD Athlon processor with code optimisations CFLAGS="-march=amdfam10" # AMD Phenom II X4 64bit processor with gcc >=4.3 CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium" # Intel Pentium processor CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium4" # Intel Pentium4 processor CFLAGS="-O2 -msse -msse2 -mfpmath=sse -minline-all-stringops" # Intel XEON 64bit processor CFLAGS="-mtune=nocona -m64 -minline-all-stringops" # Intel Pentium 64bit processor
To find out optional CFLAGS for your platform, enter:
gcc -dumpspecs
See also: http://gcc.gnu.org/
A real fast GRASS version (and small binaries) will be created with LDFLAGS set to "stripping" (but this disables debugging):
CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=<cpu_see_above> -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure
Configure options and their meanings
For configure there are many options and some GRASS modules are built only if some options are set. Here are listed common configuration options with short explanation.
- --prefix=/path - Sets path where GRASS will be installed. GRASS will reside in /path/grass-version.
- --enable-largefile - Enables large (>2Gb on 32bit systems) support. For current large file support status look at Large File Support page.
- --with-cxx - Enables compilation of C++ code. Required for r.terraflow module.
- --with-readline - Enables readline support. If readline is enabled, you can use its history/editing facilities when entering r.mapcalc expressions on stdin.
- --with-glw - Enables GLw support. The GLw library provides OpenGL "canvas" widgets for Athena and Motif.
That switch is unnecessary for normal compilation. It's only required for r3.showdspf, which isn't normally built; if you want it, you have build it manually (e.g. "make -C raster3d/r3.showdspf"). As similar functionality is now provided by NVIZ, r3.showdspf is deprecated. r3.showdspf uses the Motif widget (so you also need a Motif library, e.g. Lesstif or OpenMotif). Glynn Clements at GRASS-user mailing list
Parallelized compilation on multi-core CPUs
You can dramatically accelerate the compilation of the GRASS code with the -j flag of "make" if you have a multi-core CPU system. This determines the maximum number of jobs to have running at once, so cores don't have to sit idle waiting for jobs on other cores to complete. A good rule of thumb for this value is number_of_cores * 1.5, but note that setting any higher than the actual number of cores will only affect the timing slightly. For example, on a dual-core processor:
make -j 4
GRASS-GDAL plugin
Addons
Compiled C modules
Requirements:
Either:
- a binary GRASS package, or
- source code which has been prepared with:
./configure [opionally flags] make libs
Each of the addon modules should come with a Makefile. To compile it, just run:
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/
If using Bash it may be useful to set that up as an alias:
alias gmake64='make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/'
Installation (perhaps requires "sudo"):
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/path/to/grass64/ install
Note: Compiled addons may require a re-compilation if you changed/updated your GRASS standard binaries.
If binary comes with a -dev package
(work in progress, this text states how it eventually will be :) Nowadays one does not need to the source code, nor compiling GRASS by oneself to be able to add add-ons. On Debian, you can just install the grass-dev package and then run:
make MODULE_TOPDIR=/usr/lib/grass64/ INST_DIR=/usr/lib/grass64/
The grass-dev package essentially provides GRASS's include header files and Make configuration files.
Scripts
If the addon module is a script, it is sufficient to copy it into the (GRASS binaries) path somewhere. Alternatively, install addons into a separate GRASS addons binaries/scripts directory which is easier to maintain. It avoids getting clobbered every time you reinstall GRASS. To use these separately stored scripts, set and export the GRASS_ADDON_PATH environment variable before starting GRASS and it will automatically be added to the module search path (see the variables help page). To simplify this, do for example:
# add in $HOME/.bashrc: GRASS_ADDON_PATH=/usr/local/grass/addons/ export GRASS_ADDON_PATH
Make sure that the script is executable, then just call it in GRASS typing the filename. Python scripts need to be called writing the extension as well, like:
GRASS 6.5.svn (spearfish60):~ > v.krige.py