Hydrological Sciences

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Flow calculation

  • r.carve: Takes vector stream data, transforms it to raster and subtracts depth from the output DEM.
  • r.drain: Traces a flow through an elevation model on a raster map.
  • r.fillnulls: Fills no-data areas in raster maps using v.surf.rst splines interpolation
  • r.fill.dir: Filters and generates a depressionless elevation map and a flow direction map from a given elevation layer.
  • r.flow: Construction of slope curves (flowlines), flowpath lengths, and flowline densities (upslope areas) from a raster digital elevation model (DEM)
  • r.topidx: Creates topographic index [ln(a/tan(beta))] map from elevation map.
  • r.terraflow: Flow computation for massive grids.

Groundwater flow

  • r.gwflow: Numerical calculation program for transient, confined and unconfined groundwater flow in two dimensions.
  • r3.gwflow: Numerical calculation program for transient, confined groundwater flow in three dimensions.

Hydrological models

  • r.topmodel: Simulates TOPMODEL which is a physically based hydrologic model.

Sediment modules

  • r.sim.sediment: Sediment transport and erosion/deposition simulation using path sampling method (SIMWE)
  • r.sim.water: Overland flow hydrologic simulation using path sampling method (SIMWE)

Stream modules

Watershed modules

  • r.basin.fill: Generates a raster map layer showing watershed subbasins.
  • r.water.outlet: Generates a watershed basin from a drainage direction map (from r.watershed) and a set of coordinates representing the outlet point of watershed.
  • r.watershed: Watershed basin analysis program.

Tutorial: Creating watersheds

References

  • Metz et al 2009: Fast Stream Extraction from Large, Radar-Based Elevation Models with Variable Level of Detail (PDF)
  • Metz et al 2010: Accurate stream extraction from large, radar-based elevation models (PDF)