GRASS Citation Repository

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How to cite GRASS GIS

Please cite GRASS when using the software in your work. Here are some choices depending on the version used and the type of citation:

  • GRASS GIS Manual citations,
  • Peer reviewed general GRASS GIS articles,
  • Books,
  • Topic oriented citations.

Please select below:

GRASS GIS Manual citations

DOI (for all versions, shows latest release on top): 10.5281/zenodo.5176030


Software:

Programmer's manual:

  • GRASS Development Team, 2024. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS 8) Programmer's Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming8/
  • GRASS Development Team, 2017. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS 7) Programmer's Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming7/
  • GRASS Development Team, 2015. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS 6) Programmer's Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming6/

Related BibTeX entry:

  @Manual{GRASS_GIS_software,
    title = {Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS GIS) Software, Version 8.2},
    author = {{GRASS Development Team}},
    organization = {Open Source Geospatial Foundation},
    year = {2022},
    url = {https://grass.osgeo.org},
    doi = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5176030}
  }

Historical manual pages

(Search US Army documents at https://discover.dtic.mil/products-services/)

GRASS GIS Addon Manual citations

Hint: when citing addons, you can simply use "grass-stable" in the URL which is auto-expanded to the latest version (e.g. grass82/). Like this the latest addon version is found.

Example:

Peer reviewed general GRASS GIS articles

  • Neteler, M., Bowman, M.H., Landa, M., Metz, M., 2012. GRASS GIS: A multi-purpose open source GIS. Environ Model Soft 31, 124–130. (DOI | PDF)
  • Neteler, M., Bowman, M.H., Landa, M., Metz, M. (2012) "GRASS GIS: A multi-purpose open source GIS." Environmental Modelling & Software. Vol 31, pp. 124–130. (DOI | PDF)

Related Bibtex entry:

@article{neteler2012grass,
  title={{GRASS GIS: a multi-purpose Open Source GIS}},
  author={Neteler, M. and Bowman, M.H. and Landa, M. and Metz, M.},
  journal={Environmental Modelling \& Software},
  year={2012},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {124--130},
  publisher={Elsevier},
  doi = "10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.11.014"
}

Books

Topic oriented citations

Historic citations

  • GRASS Development Team, 2021. GRASS GIS 7 Programmer's Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation, USA. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming7/
  • GRASS Development Team, 2016. GRASS 6 Programmer's Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation, USA. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming6/
  • GRASS Development Team, 2012. GRASS 6.4 Users Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation, USA. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/grass64/manuals/
  • GRASS Development Team, 2007. GRASS 6.2 Users Manual. ITC-irst, Trento, Italy. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/grass62/manuals/
  • GRASS Development Team, 2002. GRASS 5.0 Users Manual. ITC-irst, Trento, Italy. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/grass57/manuals/html57_user/
  • U.S. Army CERL, 1993. GRASS 4.1 Reference Manual. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, Champaign, Illinois, 1-425.
  • Westervelt, J.D., Shapiro, M., Goran, W.D., Gerdes, D.P. (1992). Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Version 4.0 User's Reference Manual (No. CERL-ADP-N-87/22). CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL. (PDF: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA255218.pdf)
  • Shapiro, M., Westervelt, J., Gerdes, D., Higgins, M., & Larson, M. (1989). GRASS 3.0 programmer's manual (No. CERL-ADP-N-89/14). CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL. (PDF: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA252461.pdf)
  • Missing: Manuals of GRASS 1.0 and 2.0 - please submit to us!

Helpful tools and GRASS related bibliographic searches